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Huang L, Li S, Zhou Q, Ruan X, Wu Y, Wei Q, Xie H, Zhang Z. Associations of erythrocyte membrane fatty acids with blood pressure in children. Clin Nutr 2025; 46:30-36. [PMID: 39864378 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2024] [Revised: 12/31/2024] [Accepted: 12/31/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Different fatty acids may vary in their effect on blood pressure. We tested whether fatty acid classes measured in erythrocytes are associated with blood pressure. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 421 children from Guangzhou, China. Erythrocyte membrane fatty acid concentrations were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured with an electronic sphygmomanometer. Abnormal blood pressure (ABP) was defined as an elevated SBP and/or DBP. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and multivariable logistic regression models were performed to explore the associations of fatty acid subgroups with the risk of blood pressure status. The joint effect of fatty acid subgroups was evaluated using Probit Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR). RESULTS ANCOVA analysis showed that children in the higher quartiles of odd-chain saturated fatty acids (OSFAs) had significantly lower levels of both SBP (P-trend = 0.020) and DBP (P-trend = 0.008). In contrast, DBP increased significantly across quartiles of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). In adjusted models of logistic regression analysis, the higher quartiles of MUFAs concentrations were associated with a higher risk of ABP (P-trend = 0.001). BKMR analysis showed that the risk of ABP increased significantly with increasing total MUFAs mixture levels. Similar associations were observed between MUFAs and DBP. Conversely, OSFAs concentrations were negatively correlated with both SBP and DBP. Additionally, children with higher levels of mixture of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) exhibited lower SBP. CONCLUSIONS Fatty acid subclasses may differ in their relationship with abnormal blood pressure in children. MUFAs exhibit a positive association with blood pressure, whereas OSFAs and n-3 PUFAs demonstrate an inverse association with blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaowen Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Guangzhou Baiyun District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guangzhou 510400, China
| | - Qinwen Zhou
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhen Ruan
- Department of Obstetrics, Guangzhou Baiyun District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guangzhou 510400, China
| | - Yulin Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinzhi Wei
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hairui Xie
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Well Child Care, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| | - Zheqing Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Martínez-García M, Gutiérrez-Esparza GO, Márquez MF, Amezcua-Guerra LM, Hernández-Lemus E. Machine learning analysis of emerging risk factors for early-onset hypertension in the Tlalpan 2020 cohort. Front Cardiovasc Med 2025; 11:1434418. [PMID: 39896047 PMCID: PMC11782138 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1434418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 12/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypertension is a significant public health concern. Several relevant risk factors have been identified. However, since it is a complex condition with broad variability and strong dependence on environmental and lifestyle factors, current risk factors only account for a fraction of the observed prevalence. This study aims to investigate the emerging early-onset hypertension risk factors using a data-driven approach by implementing machine learning models within a well-established cohort in Mexico City, comprising initially 2,500 healthy adults aged 18 to 50 years. Methods Hypertensive individuals were newly diagnosed during 6,000 person-years, and normotensive individuals were those who, during the same time, remained without exceeding 140 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure and/or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg. Data on sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical variables were collected through standardized questionnaires as well as clinical and laboratory assessments. Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Logistic Regression (LG) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) were employed to evaluate the relationship between these factors and hypertension risk. Results The Random Forest (RF) Importance Percent was calculated to assess the structural relevance of each variable in the model, while Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) analysis quantified both the average impact and direction of each feature on individual predictions. Additionally, odds ratios were calculated to express the size and direction of influence for each variable, and a sex-stratified analysis was conducted to identify any gender-specific risk factors. Discussion This nested study provides evidence that sleep disorders, a sedentary lifestyle, consumption of high-fat foods, and energy drinks are potentially modifiable risk factors for hypertension in a Mexico City cohort of young and relatively healthy adults. These findings underscore the importance of addressing these factors in hypertension prevention and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireya Martínez-García
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, México City, México
| | - Guadalupe O. Gutiérrez-Esparza
- Investigadora por México CONAHCYT Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías, México City, México
- Diagnostic and Treatment Division, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, México City, México
| | - Manlio F. Márquez
- Diagnostic and Treatment Division, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, México City, México
- Department of Electrocardiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, México City, México
| | - Luis M. Amezcua-Guerra
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, México City, México
| | - Enrique Hernández-Lemus
- Computational Genomics Division, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, México City, México
- Center for Complexity Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
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Brandt EJ, Leung C, Chang T, Ayanian JZ, Banerjee M, Kirch M, Mozaffarian D, Nallamothu BK. Differences in US Adult Dietary Patterns by Cardiovascular Health and Socioeconomic Vulnerability. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2025:2025.01.02.25319924. [PMID: 39802791 PMCID: PMC11722478 DOI: 10.1101/2025.01.02.25319924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2025]
Abstract
Background Naturally occurring dietary patterns, a major contributor to health, are not well described among those with cardiovascular disease (CVD) - particularly in light of socioeconomic vulnerability. We sought to identify major dietary patterns in the US and their distribution by CVD, social risk factors, and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation. Methods This was a cross-sectional study among 32,498 noninstitutionalized adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009-2020). We used principal component analysis to identify common dietary patterns. Individuals were assigned to the pattern for which they had the highest component score. Using multinomial logit regression, we estimated the percentage whose diets aligned with each pattern in population subgroups stratified by CVD, social risk factors, and SNAP. Analyses were adjusted for age, gender, race and ethnicity, total energy intake, and year, with sampling weights to provide nationally representative estimates. Results Four dietary patterns were identified among US adults: American (33.7%; high in solid fats, added sugars, and refined grains), Prudent (22.6%; high in vegetables, nuts/seeds, oils, seafood, and poultry), Legume (15.8%), and Fruit/Whole Grain/Dairy (27.9%), that together explained 29.2% of dietary variance. More adults with prevalent CVD (37.1%) than without (33.3%, p=0.005) aligned with the American Pattern, with no differences among other patterns. Each additional social risk factor associated with more adults aligned with American (2.5% absolute increase) and Legume (1.3%), and fewer aligned with Prudent (-1.9%) and Fruit/Whole Grain/Dairy (-1.9%) patterns (p<0.001 each). Analysis of dietary patterns across SNAP participation showed higher proportion of SNAP participants and income-eligible SNAP non-participants compared to non-eligible adults for the American (40.2% [38.1, 42.3%], 35.1% [32.7, 37.5%], 31.9% [31.0, 32.8%], respectively) and Legume patterns (17.2% [15.6, 18.8%], 17.8% [16.1, 19.5%]), 15.4% [14.6,16.1%], respectively) and less for Prudent (17.0% [15.5, 18.6%], 20.2% [18.2, 22.3%], 24.2% [23.3, 25.1%], respectively) and Fruit/Whole Grain/Dairy Patterns (25.6% [23.8%, 27.3%], 26.9%[27.6%,29.5%], 28.6% [27.6%, 29.5%], respectively). Conclusions Empirical dietary patterns vary by CVD and socioeconomic vulnerability. Initiatives to improve nutrition in at-risk individuals should consider these naturally occurring dietary patterns and their variation in key subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Brandt
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Cindy Leung
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Tammy Chang
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - John Z Ayanian
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Mousumi Banerjee
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Matthias Kirch
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Food is Medicine Institute, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Brahmajee K Nallamothu
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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Zheng Y, Sun F, Ye S, Zhu J, Ma Y, Shan M, Li S, Chen Y, Li J. Correlation between fruit consumption and 10-year all-cause mortality in patients with dyslipidemia. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1471737. [PMID: 39421625 PMCID: PMC11484278 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1471737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consuming fruit provides health benefits. Reportedly, increased fruit consumption reduces the risks of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. However, existing studies have not clarified the effect of fruit consumption on mortality risk in patients with dyslipidemia. This study aimed to assess the correlation between the consumption of different types of fruits and all-cause mortality in patients with dyslipidemia. METHODS A total of 2,184 patients with dyslipidemia were included in this study, and trends in the correlation between the frequency of consumption of different types of fruits and the 10-year all-cause mortality risk in patients with dyslipidemia were analyzed by smoothed curve fitting, Cox regression, and Kaplan-Meier curve analysis. Subgroup analysis and interaction test were applied to analyze the stability of the effect of apple consumption on 10-year all-cause mortality in patients with dyslipidemia. RESULTS Smoothed curve fitting and Cox regression analyses revealed a significant reduction in the 10-year all-cause mortality risk in patients with dyslipidemia who consumed apples 3-4 times/week (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.43-0.87, p = 0.007) and in those who consumed bananas 3-4 times/week (HR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.52-0.98, p = 0.039), with a more pronounced effect in patients who consumed both apples and bananas (HR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.30-0.99, p = 0.045). Other fruits did not exhibit similar effects. CONCLUSION Consuming apples or bananas 3-4 times/week significantly improved the 10-year survival rate in patients with dyslipidemia, and the effect was even more profound in patients who consumed both fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjuan Zheng
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Heilongjiang Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Harbin, China
| | - Suling Ye
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ruijin-Hainan Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Hainan Boao Research Hospital), Qionghai, China
| | - Jinzhou Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ruijin-Hainan Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Hainan Boao Research Hospital), Qionghai, China
| | - Yu Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ruijin-Hainan Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Hainan Boao Research Hospital), Qionghai, China
| | - Mengmeng Shan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ruijin-Hainan Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Hainan Boao Research Hospital), Qionghai, China
| | - Shaomi Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ruijin-Hainan Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Hainan Boao Research Hospital), Qionghai, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ruijin-Hainan Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Hainan Boao Research Hospital), Qionghai, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ruijin-Hainan Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Hainan Boao Research Hospital), Qionghai, China
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Liu Y, Liang Y, Zhao X, Ma S, Sun G, Li Y. Individual and interaction effects of monounsaturated fatty acids on their associations with hypertension in Chinese residents. Food Funct 2024; 15:7907-7919. [PMID: 38973334 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01410c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Currently, associations between dietary intakes of individual monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and hypertension were not well disclosed, and the interaction effects of MUFAs on their associations with hypertension were unknown. Obesity was correlated with both MUFAs and hypertension, while if anthropometric obesity indices performed mediating roles in associations between MUFAs and hypertension remained underdetermined. In our study, 8509 Chinese adults investigated from 2004 to 2011 were included. Dietary information collection and physical examinations were performed at baseline and each timepoint of follow-up. As we found, inverse associations of MUFA17, MUFA18 and MUFA20 with hypertension were statistically significant after adjustments, hazard ratios (HRs) were 0.87, 0.90 and 0.91, respectively. MUFA15 was positively associated with hypertension, with an HR of 1.07 (95% confidence interval: 1.01, 1.12). By performing principal component analysis (PCA) to estimate the joint effects of MUFAs on hypertension, the PCA score of MUFAs was only inversely associated with blood pressure. No joint effect was observed in g-computation analyses. Both linear and nonlinear interactions of MUFAs on their associations with hypertension were estimated using restricted cubic spline analysis. The association between MUFA15 and hypertension was interacted by MUFA17, and the association between MUFA20 and hypertension was interacted by MUFA18. The mediation effects of body mass index and waist circumference were found on associations of hypertension with MUFA15, MUFA17 and MUFA20. Our findings suggested that associations with hypertension were different among individual MUFAs, and mutual interactions existed, implying that the utility of individual MUFAs might be recommended for estimating relationships between MUFAs and diseases. Moreover, fat accumulation might potentially underlie associations between MUFAs and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuanhong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Shuxian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Guifan Sun
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yongfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Dong W, Man Q, Zhang J, Liu Z, Gong W, Zhao L, Song P, Ding G. Geographic disparities of dietary inflammatory index and its association with hypertension in middle-aged and elders in China: results from a nationwide cross-sectional study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1355091. [PMID: 38515520 PMCID: PMC10955052 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1355091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Geographic distribution of dietary inflammatory index (DII) in China has not been thoroughly evaluated and evidence on the association between DII and hypertension among Chinese middle-aged and older population was inadequate. Objective To investigate the geographic disparities of DII and its association with hypertension among Chinese middle-aged and elders. Methods Data was from the China Adults Chronic Diseases and Nutrition Surveillance (CACDNS 2015) for middle-aged and older participants. The DII for each participant was determined through a combination of 3 days 24 h dietary recall interviews and a food frequency questionnaire. Spatial analysis was employed to investigate the geographic distribution of DII in China. Restricted cubic spline models and binary logistic regression analysis were used to assess the relationship between DII and hypertension. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was applied for identifying key hypertension-related factors, which was then included in the establishment of a risk prediction nomogram model, with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and decision curve analysis (DCA) being built to evaluate its discriminatory power for hypertension. Results A total of 52,087 middle-aged and older participants were included in the study, among whom 36.6% had hypertension. it revealed that a clear spatial correlation in the national distribution of DII scores (Moran I: 0.252, p = 0.001), with higher DII scores concentrated in the northwest region and lower DII scores concentrated in the southeast region. Hypertensive participants had higher DII scores compared to those without hypertension (OR: 1.507 vs. 1.447, p = 0.003). Restricted cubic spline models and binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated a positive association between DII and hypertension after adjusting for potential confounding factors. There was a significant increasing trend in the proportion of hypertensive individuals as DII scores increase (p for trend = 0.004). The nomogram model, constructed using key factors identified through LASSO regression, demonstrated a robust discriminative capacity, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 73.2% (95% CI, 72.4-74.0%). Decision curve analysis confirmed the reliability and effectiveness of the nomogram model. Sensitivity analysis conducted within the subpopulation aged under 45 years yielded results consistent with the primary analysis. Conclusion In Chinese adults middle-aged and older, geographic disparities in dietary inflammatory potential are notable, with lower levels observed in the southeastern coastal regions of China and higher levels in the northwestern regions. Meanwhile, there is a positive association between the inflammatory potential of the diet and hypertension. Additional research is needed to investigate regional disparities in dietary inflammatory potential and pinpoint specific dietary patterns associated with lower inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Dong
- Department of Geriatric and Clinical Nutrition, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China
| | - Qingqing Man
- Department of Geriatric and Clinical Nutrition, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Nutrition of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Geriatric and Clinical Nutrition, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Nutrition of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Geriatric and Clinical Nutrition, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyi Gong
- Department of Nutrition Surveillance, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China
| | - Liyun Zhao
- Department of Nutrition Surveillance, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China
| | - Pengkun Song
- Department of Geriatric and Clinical Nutrition, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Nutrition of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Gangqiang Ding
- Department of Geriatric and Clinical Nutrition, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China
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Morvaridzadeh M, Qorbani M, Shokati Eshkiki Z, Estêvão MD, Mohammadi Ganjaroudi N, Toupchian O, Abdollahi S, Pizarro AB, Abu-Zaid A, Zadro JR, Heshmati J, Ziaei S. The effect of almond intake on cardiometabolic risk factors, inflammatory markers, and liver enzymes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phytother Res 2022; 36:4325-4344. [PMID: 36331011 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Almond intake may be correlated with improvements in several cardiometabolic parameters, but its effects are controversial in the published literature, and it needs to be comprehensively summarized. We conducted a systematic search in several international electronic databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov until April 2021 to identify randomized controlled trials that examined the effects of almond consumption on cardiometabolic risk factors, inflammatory markers, and liver enzymes. Data were pooled using the random-effects model method and presented as standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Twenty-six eligible trials were analyzed (n = 1750 participants). Almond intake significantly decreased diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and very LDL (p < 0.05). The effects of almond intake on systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, insulin, hemoglobin A1c, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, C-peptide, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, C-reactive protein (CRP), hs-CRP (high sensitivity C-reactive protein), interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-α, ICAM (Intercellular Adhesion Molecule), VCAM (Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule), homocysteine, HDL, ox-LDL, ApoA1, ApoB, and lipoprotien-a were not statistically significant (p > .05). The current body of evidence supports the ingestion of almonds for their beneficial lipid-lowering and antihypertensive effects. However, the effects of almonds on antiinflammatory markers, glycemic control, and hepatic enzymes should be further evaluated via performing more extensive randomized trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Morvaridzadeh
- Songhor Healthcare Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Shokati Eshkiki
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Clinical Science Reseaech Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - M Dulce Estêvão
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | | | - Omid Toupchian
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, School of Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Shima Abdollahi
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, School of Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | | | - Ahmed Abu-Zaid
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Joshua R Zadro
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Javad Heshmati
- Songhor Healthcare Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Somayeh Ziaei
- Anesthesiologist, ICU Department, Emam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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8
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Wang YB, Page AJ, Gill TK, Melaku YA. Association of dietary and nutrient patterns with systemic inflammation in community dwelling adults. Front Nutr 2022; 9:977029. [PMID: 36082032 PMCID: PMC9445576 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.977029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Evidence investigating associations between dietary and nutrient patterns and inflammatory biomarkers is inconsistent and scarce. Therefore, we aimed to determine the association of dietary and nutrient patterns with inflammation. Methods Overall, 1,792 participants from the North-West Adelaide Health Study were included in this cross-sectional study. We derived dietary and nutrient patterns from food frequency questionnaire data using principal component analysis. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression determined the association between dietary and nutrient patterns and the grade of inflammation (normal, moderate, and severe) based on C-reactive protein (CRP) values. Subgroup analyses were stratified by gender, obesity and metabolic health status. Results In the fully adjusted model, a plant-sourced nutrient pattern (NP) was strongly associated with a lower grade of inflammation in men (ORQ5vsQ1 = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.38–0.93, p-trend = 0.08), obesity (ORQ5vsQ1 = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.24–0.77, p-trend = 0.03) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (ORQ5vsQ1 = 0.24; 95% CI: 0.11–0.52, p-trend = 0.01). A mixed NP was positively associated with higher grade of inflammation (ORQ5vsQ1 = 1.35; 95% CI: 0.99–1.84, p-trend = 0.03) in all participants. A prudent dietary pattern was inversely associated with a lower grade of inflammation (ORQ5vsQ1 = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.52–1.01, p-trend = 0.14). In contrast, a western dietary pattern and animal-sourced NP were associated with a higher grade of inflammation in the all participants although BMI attenuated the magnitude of association (ORQ5vsQ1 = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.55–1.25; and ORQ5vsQ1 = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.63–1.39, respectively) in the fully adjusted model. Conclusion A plant-sourced NP was independently associated with lower inflammation. The association was stronger in men, and those classified as obese and metabolically unhealthy obese. Increasing consumption of plant-based foods may mitigate obesity-induced inflammation and its consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Brigitte Wang
- Vagal Afferent Research Group, School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Nutrition, Diabetes and Gut Health, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Amanda J. Page
- Vagal Afferent Research Group, School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Nutrition, Diabetes and Gut Health, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Tiffany K. Gill
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Yohannes Adama Melaku
- Nutrition, Diabetes and Gut Health, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
- Cancer Council Victoria, Cancer Epidemiology Division, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Yohannes Adama Melaku
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Liu R, Mi B, Zhao Y, Li Q, Dang S, Yan H. Gender-specific association between carbohydrate consumption and blood pressure in Chinese adults. BMJ Nutr Prev Health 2021; 4:80-89. [PMID: 34308115 PMCID: PMC8258083 DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph-2020-000165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The association between dietary carbohydrate consumption and blood pressure (BP) is controversial. The present study aimed to evaluate the possible gender-specific association of carbohydrate across the whole BP distribution. Method Cross-sectional survey including 2241 rural adults was conducted in northwestern China in 2010. BP was measured by trained medical personnel. Dietary information was collected by semiquantitative Food-Frequency Questionnaire. Multivariate quantile regression model was used to estimate the association between total carbohydrates consumption and systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) at different quantiles. Gender-specific β coefficient and its 95% CI was calculated. Results The average carbohydrate intake was 267.4 (SD 112.0) g/day in males and 204.9 (SD 90.7) g/day in females, with only 10.6% of males and 6.5% females consumed at least 65% of total energy from carbohydrates. And more than 80% carbohydrates were derived from refined grains. In females, increased total carbohydrates intake was associated with adverse SBP and DBP. An additional 50 g carbohydrates per day was positively associated with SBP at low and high quantiles (10th-20th and 60th-80th) and with DBP almost across whole distribution (30th-90th), after adjusting for age, fortune index, family history of hypertension, body mass index, physical activity level, alcohol intake and smoke, energy, two nutrient principal components, protein and sodium intake. Both relatively low and high carbohydrate intake were associated with increased SBP, with minimum level observed at 130-150 g carbohydrate intake per day from restricted cubic splines. However, no significant associations were observed in males. Conclusions Higher total carbohydrates consumption might have an adverse impact on both SBP and DBP in Chinese females but not males. Additionally, the positive association varies across distribution of BP quantiles. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and clarify the causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruru Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Disinfection, Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Baibing Mi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaling Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaonong Dang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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