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Bracké K, Steegers C, van der Harst T, Pons R, Legerstee J, Dierckx B, de Nijs P, Bax-van Berkel M, van Elburg A, Hekkelaan M, Hokke J, de Jong-Zuidema H, Korthals Altes L, Lengton-van der Spil F, Luijkx J, Schuurmans F, Smeets C, van Wijk L, Woltering C, Vernooij M, Hillegers M, White T, Dieleman G. The implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating disorder features and comorbid psychopathology among adolescents with anorexia nervosa and matched controls: a comparative cohort design study. Eat Weight Disord 2024; 29:13. [PMID: 38347293 PMCID: PMC10861646 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-024-01640-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating disorder (ED) features and psychopathology in female adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN). METHOD In total 79 females with first-onset AN (aged 12-22 years) were included and were followed up across a period of 1 year. We assessed AN participants recruited pre-pandemic (n = 49) to those recruited peri-pandemic (n = 30). Pre- (n = 37) and peri-pandemic (n = 38) age-, and education-matched typically developing (TD) girls (n = 75) were used as a reference cohort. ED features and psychopathology were assessed at baseline. After 1 year of follow-up the association between pandemic timing and clinical course was assessed. Analyses of covariance were used to examine differences in ED features and psychopathology. RESULTS Peri-pandemic AN participants experienced less ED symptoms at baseline compared to pre-pandemic AN participants. In particular, they were less dissatisfied with their body shape, and experienced less interpersonal insecurity. In addition, the peri-pandemic AN group met fewer DSM-IV criteria for comorbid disorders, especially anxiety disorders. In contrast, peri-pandemic AN participants had a smaller BMI increase over time. In TD girls, there were no differences at baseline in ED features and psychopathology between the pre- and peri-pandemic group. CONCLUSION Overall, peri-pandemic AN participants were less severely ill, compared to pre-pandemic AN participants, which may be explained by less social pressure and peer contact, and a more protective parenting style during the pandemic. Conversely, peri-pandemic AN participants had a less favorable clinical course, which may be explained by reduced access to health care facilities during the pandemic. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Bracké
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cathelijne Steegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tess van der Harst
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rozemarijn Pons
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Legerstee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bram Dierckx
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter de Nijs
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Annemarie van Elburg
- Altrecht-Rintveld, Mental Health Care Organisation for Eating Disorders, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Marion Hekkelaan
- Department of Pediatrics, Het Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Joke Hokke
- Emergis-Ithaka, Mental Health Care Organisation for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kloetinge, The Netherlands
| | - Hetty de Jong-Zuidema
- GGZ Delfland, Mental Health Care Organisation for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas Korthals Altes
- LUMC-Curium, Mental Health Care Organisation for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Farida Lengton-van der Spil
- Department for Eating Disorders, Emergis, Organisation for Mental Health and Well-Being, Goes, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Luijkx
- GGZ Westelijk Noord Brabant, Mental Health Care Organisation for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Roosendaal and Bergen Op Zoom, Bergen Op Zoom, The Netherlands
| | - Femke Schuurmans
- Department of Pediatrics, The Bravis Hospital, Bergen Op Zoom, The Netherlands
| | - Carien Smeets
- Department of Pediatrics, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Lia van Wijk
- Department of Pediatrics, Franciscus Gasthuis en Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claire Woltering
- Department of Pediatrics, Het Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Meike Vernooij
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Section on Social and Cognitive Developmental Neuroscience, National Institutes of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gwen Dieleman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 2060, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Cappelletto P, Luca LD, Taddei B, Taddei S, Nocentini A, Pisano T. COVID-19 pandemic impact among adolescents with eating disorders referred to Italian psychiatric unit. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2024; 37:e12440. [PMID: 37737719 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
PROBLEM The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered or exacerbated eating disorders (EDs), especially in adolescents. This study examined the prevalence of admissions of patients with EDs at the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit from the pre-COVID-19 pandemic to March 2023 and explored the differences in dimensions of ED's symptomatology according to the year of access. METHODS We included 174 children and adolescents, 94.3% females and 5.7% males, with a diagnosis of ED (Mage = 14.87; SD = 1.72). The Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3), the Body Uneasiness Test (BUT) and Youth Self Report ASEBA (YSR) were assessed. A one-way analysis of variance test was performed. FINDINGS EDs' hospitalization prevalence was higher in the years 2020 and 2021 compared to pre-COVID-19 and the year 2022. Considering the ED psychopathology (EDI-3), findings showed a higher score in the dimension of the push to thinness, body dissatisfaction, asceticism, and fear of maturity in the year 2021 compared to pre-pandemic. Regarding the discomfort related to the image of one's own body (BUT), results showed an increase in the global severity index in the year 2022 compared to pre-pandemic and in weight phobia in the year 2021 compared to the year 2020. Concerning the internalizing symptoms (YSR), a tendency was found for withdrawal/depression, with higher levels in the year 2022 compared to the year 2020. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlighted the increase of different types of EDs symptomatology related to concerns about weight, especially 2 and 3 years after the outbreak of the pandemic, on which the literature is still scarce, especially in the Italian context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Cappelletto
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa De Luca
- Department of Education, Languages, Intercultures, Literatures and Psychology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Benedetta Taddei
- Department of Education, Languages, Intercultures, Literatures and Psychology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Taddei
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Annalaura Nocentini
- Department of Education, Languages, Intercultures, Literatures and Psychology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pisano
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
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Meneguzzo P, Ajello A, Consolati MD, Ceccato E, Vita A, Sala A, Santonastaso P. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on youth mental health: a cross-sectional study on eating disorder patients and their unaffected siblings. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:6. [PMID: 38184616 PMCID: PMC10771694 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00698-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence has emerged as a particularly vulnerable phase during the COVID-19 pandemic, with eating disorders (EDs) representing a prominent psychopathological challenge linked to the restrictions imposed by the pandemic. Emerging evidence suggests that not only individuals with EDs but also their healthy siblings (HS) may experience unique psychological effects in this context. However, the existing literature on this topic remains limited. This study seeks to examine and compare the effects of the pandemic on adolescents and adults, with a specific focus on the impact of containment measures, disruptions in daily routines, and alterations in life trajectories, for both individuals with EDs and their HS. METHODS We enrolled 273 individuals, including those diagnosed with EDs and their HS. Among the participants, 120 were under the age of 19. Multiple self-report questionnaires were administered to assess the psychological impact of 1 year of the COVID-19 pandemic. These assessments covered a range of psychological constructs, including posttraumatic symptoms, general psychopathology, and eating-related concerns. RESULTS Notably, adolescent patients with EDs demonstrated the highest psychopathological scores within our sample. They were the sole subgroup to surpass clinical cutoffs, exhibiting more pronounced issues concerning eating-related concerns and general psychological well-being. Our findings also shed light on the unique experiences of HS during the pandemic. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the specific psychological burden endured by adolescents with EDs throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, emphasizing the vulnerability of this demographic. Moreover, the experiences of HS, often overlooked in the literature, warrant increased attention in future health programs and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Meneguzzo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
| | - Alessio Ajello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mauro Domenico Consolati
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Enrico Ceccato
- Mental Health Department, Vicenza Eating Disorders Center, Azienda ULSS8 "Berica", Vicenza, Italy
| | - Antonio Vita
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sala
- Mental Health Department, Vicenza Eating Disorders Center, Azienda ULSS8 "Berica", Vicenza, Italy
| | - Paolo Santonastaso
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
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Monthuy-Blanc J, Faghihi U, Fardshad MNG, Corno G, Iceta S, St-Pierre MJ, Bouchard S. When Eating Intuitively Is Not Always a Positive Response: Using Machine Learning to Better Unravel Eaters Profiles. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5172. [PMID: 37629214 PMCID: PMC10455794 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to identify eaters profiles using the latest advantages of Machine Learning approach to cluster analysis. METHODS A total of 317 participants completed an online-based survey including self-reported measures of body image dissatisfaction, bulimia, restraint, and intuitive eating. Analyses were conducted in two steps: (a) identifying an optimal number of clusters, and (b) validating the clustering model of eaters profile using a procedure inspired by the Causal Reasoning approach. RESULTS This study reveals a 7-cluster model of eaters profiles. The characteristics, needs, and strengths of each eater profile are discussed along with the presentation of a continuum of eaters profiles. CONCLUSIONS This conceptualization of eaters profiles could guide the direction of health education and treatment interventions targeting perceptual and eating dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johana Monthuy-Blanc
- Unité de Recherche Loricorps, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, (CR-IUSMM), 7331, Rue Hochelaga, Montreal, QC H1N 3V2, Canada
- Département de Sciences de l’Éducation, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada
| | - Usef Faghihi
- Unité de Recherche Loricorps, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, (CR-IUSMM), 7331, Rue Hochelaga, Montreal, QC H1N 3V2, Canada
- Département de Mathématiques et d’Informatique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3063, Ringuet, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada
| | - Mahan Najafpour Ghazvini Fardshad
- Unité de Recherche Loricorps, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, (CR-IUSMM), 7331, Rue Hochelaga, Montreal, QC H1N 3V2, Canada
- Département de Mathématiques et d’Informatique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3063, Ringuet, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada
| | - Giulia Corno
- Unité de Recherche Loricorps, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, (CR-IUSMM), 7331, Rue Hochelaga, Montreal, QC H1N 3V2, Canada
- Département de Sciences de l’Éducation, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada
| | - Sylvain Iceta
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée St-Pierre
- Unité de Recherche Loricorps, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, (CR-IUSMM), 7331, Rue Hochelaga, Montreal, QC H1N 3V2, Canada
- Département de Sciences de l’Éducation, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bouchard
- Unité de Recherche Loricorps, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, (CR-IUSMM), 7331, Rue Hochelaga, Montreal, QC H1N 3V2, Canada
- Département de Psychoéducation et de Psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais, 283, Boul Alexandre-Taché, Gatineau, QC J8X 3X7, Canada
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5
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Ahmed N, Barnett P, Greenburgh A, Pemovska T, Stefanidou T, Lyons N, Ikhtabi S, Talwar S, Francis ER, Harris SM, Shah P, Machin K, Jeffreys S, Mitchell L, Lynch C, Foye U, Schlief M, Appleton R, Saunders KRK, Baldwin H, Allan SM, Sheridan-Rains L, Kharboutly O, Kular A, Goldblatt P, Stewart R, Kirkbride JB, Lloyd-Evans B, Johnson S. Mental health in Europe during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review. Lancet Psychiatry 2023; 10:537-556. [PMID: 37321240 PMCID: PMC10259832 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(23)00113-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused immediate and far-reaching disruption to society, the economy, and health-care services. We synthesised evidence on the effect of the pandemic on mental health and mental health care in high-income European countries. We included 177 longitudinal and repeated cross-sectional studies comparing prevalence or incidence of mental health problems, mental health symptom severity in people with pre-existing mental health conditions, or mental health service use before versus during the pandemic, or between different timepoints of the pandemic. We found that epidemiological studies reported higher prevalence of some mental health problems during the pandemic compared with before it, but that in most cases this increase reduced over time. Conversely, studies of health records showed reduced incidence of new diagnoses at the start of the pandemic, which further declined during 2020. Mental health service use also declined at the onset of the pandemic but increased later in 2020 and through 2021, although rates of use did not return to pre-pandemic levels for some services. We found mixed patterns of effects of the pandemic on mental health and social outcome for adults already living with mental health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiso Ahmed
- National Institute of Health and Care Research Mental Health Policy Research Unit, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Phoebe Barnett
- National Institute of Health and Care Research Mental Health Policy Research Unit, University College London, London, UK; Centre for Outcomes Research and Effectiveness, University College London, London, UK; National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, Royal College of Psychiatrists, London, UK
| | - Anna Greenburgh
- National Institute of Health and Care Research Mental Health Policy Research Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tamara Pemovska
- National Institute of Health and Care Research Mental Health Policy Research Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - Theodora Stefanidou
- National Institute of Health and Care Research Mental Health Policy Research Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - Natasha Lyons
- National Institute of Health and Care Research Mental Health Policy Research Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah Ikhtabi
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Shivangi Talwar
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emma R Francis
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Samantha M Harris
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Prisha Shah
- Lived Experience Working Group, University College London, London, UK
| | - Karen Machin
- Lived Experience Working Group, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen Jeffreys
- Lived Experience Working Group, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lizzie Mitchell
- Lived Experience Working Group, University College London, London, UK
| | - Chris Lynch
- Lived Experience Working Group, University College London, London, UK
| | - Una Foye
- National Institute of Health and Care Research Mental Health Policy Research Unit, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Merle Schlief
- National Institute of Health and Care Research Mental Health Policy Research Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Appleton
- National Institute of Health and Care Research Mental Health Policy Research Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - Katherine R K Saunders
- National Institute of Health and Care Research Mental Health Policy Research Unit, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Helen Baldwin
- National Institute of Health and Care Research Mental Health Policy Research Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sophie M Allan
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough National Health Service Foundation Trust, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Luke Sheridan-Rains
- National Institute of Health and Care Research Mental Health Policy Research Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Ariana Kular
- National Institute of Health and Care Research Mental Health Policy Research Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - Peter Goldblatt
- Institute of Health Equity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Robert Stewart
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Brynmor Lloyd-Evans
- National Institute of Health and Care Research Mental Health Policy Research Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sonia Johnson
- National Institute of Health and Care Research Mental Health Policy Research Unit, University College London, London, UK; Camden and Islington National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Monthuy-Blanc J, Corno G, Abou Chabake S. Exploring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on perceptual disturbances and dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviors: A review of the literature. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1139261. [PMID: 37008865 PMCID: PMC10050699 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1139261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
From the outbreak of the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) a new physical and social distancing environment has changed our lives and, more particularly, the way of perceiving oneself, as well as eating attitudes and behaviors. An increasing number of studies have highlighted a risky scenario in terms of negative perceptions of one’s body as well as disordered eating and eating disorder patterns in both clinical and general population. With regard to this postulate, this literature review posits two main concepts—perceptual disturbances and dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviors—in the general and (sub-)clinical populations, to provide an understanding of these phenomena during the COVID-19 pandemic. The main objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive and critical review of published scientific literature about perceptual disturbances (i.e., negative body image, body image disturbances, low body esteem) and dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviors, including disordered eating (e.g., restrictive eating, binge-eating episodes, overeating, emotional eating) and eating disorders features in community (i.e., general population) and clinical and sub-clinical samples worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic. The PubMed, ScienceDirect, Ebsco, and Google Scholar databases were searched. The initial search produced 42 references. Scientific publications from March 2020 to April 2022 were included, and among the works compiled, only published research articles have been retained. Purely theoretical papers were also excluded. The final selection consisted of 21 studies, covering both community, clinical (i.e., eating disorder population), and sub-clinical samples. The details of the results are discussed taking into consideration the potential impact of changes in the way we perceive ourselves and interact with others (e.g., the popularity of videoconferencing and the over-use of social network sites due to social isolation) as well as changes in eating attitudes and behaviors, physical activity and exercise (e.g., as an emotional response to the insecurity generated by the pandemic context), in community and (sub-)clinical samples. The discussion sheds light on two outcomes: (1) a summary of findings with methodological considerations; (2) an intervention continuum to deal with the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic; (3) and a final conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johana Monthuy-Blanc
- Loricorps Research Unit, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Sciences of Education, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Johana Monthuy-Blanc,
| | - Giulia Corno
- Loricorps Research Unit, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology and Psychoeducation, Laboratory of Cyberpsychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada
| | - Sara Abou Chabake
- Loricorps Research Unit, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, LESPOIR Research Laboratory, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, TRAJETS Research Laboratory, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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7
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Pegram G, Craddock N, Lewis-Smith H. "Like putting on an old pair of gloves" or "realising i am actually over it": a qualitative study exploring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown restrictions on eating disorder recovery in the UK. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023:1-12. [PMID: 36845206 PMCID: PMC9944788 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04353-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic lockdown restrictions posed unique challenges for people living with eating disorders (EDs), particularly relating to social isolation and changes in treatment access. However, less is known about the experience of lockdown for people 'in recovery' from EDs or disordered eating (DE) (i.e., with an ED/DE history). This study explored: (i) how people with a self-reported ED/DE history responded to and managed the experience of lockdown, specifically in relation to their recovery, and (ii) coping strategies for the management of recovery. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between June and August 2020 with 20 adults with a self-reported ED/DE history living in the UK. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis within a critical realist framework. Three overarching themes were identified: (1) Seeking safety and stability during a pandemic, (2) Lockdown prompting realisations about recovery, and (3) Exploring self-compassion as a more adaptive approach. While most participants experienced a resurgence in ED symptoms during lockdown, many reflected on the successful management of these as reinforcing their recovery. These findings have important implications for understanding ED recovery, in addition to informing interventions to better promote recovery during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-023-04353-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Pegram
- Centre for Appearance Research, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, BS16 1QY Bristol, UK
| | - Nadia Craddock
- Centre for Appearance Research, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, BS16 1QY Bristol, UK
| | - Helena Lewis-Smith
- Centre for Appearance Research, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, BS16 1QY Bristol, UK
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8
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Kunzler AM, Lindner S, Röthke N, Schäfer SK, Metzendorf MI, Sachkova A, Müller-Eberstein R, Klinger C, Burns J, Coenen M, Lieb K. Mental Health Impact of Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Individuals with Pre-Existing Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Research. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:948. [PMID: 36673705 PMCID: PMC9858748 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20020948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In view of disease-related threats, containment measures, and disrupted healthcare, individuals with pre-existing mental illness might be vulnerable to adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous reviews indicated increased mental distress, with limited information on peri-pandemic changes. In this systematic review, we aimed to identify longitudinal research investigating pre- to peri-pandemic and/or peri-pandemic changes of mental health in patients, focusing on the early phase and considering specific diagnoses. PsycINFO, Web of Science, the WHO Global literature on coronavirus disease database, and the Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register weresearched through 31 May 2021. Studies were synthesized using vote counting based on effect direction. We included 40 studies mostly from Western, high-income countries. Findings were heterogeneous, with improving and deteriorating mental health observed compared to pre-pandemic data, partly depending on underlying diagnoses. For peri-pandemic changes, evidence was limited, with some suggestion of recovery of mental distress. Study quality was heterogeneous; only few studies investigated potential moderators (e.g., chronicity of mental illness). Mental health effects on people with pre-existing conditions are heterogeneous within and across diagnoses for pre- to peri-pandemic and peri-pandemic comparisons. To improve mental health services amid future global crises, forthcoming research should understand medium- and long-term effects, controlling for containment measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M. Kunzler
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), 55122 Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Saskia Lindner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Röthke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sarah K. Schäfer
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), 55122 Mainz, Germany
| | - Maria-Inti Metzendorf
- Institute of General Practice (ifam), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexandra Sachkova
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Georg August University Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Roxana Müller-Eberstein
- Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Carmen Klinger
- Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jacob Burns
- Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Michaela Coenen
- Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), 55122 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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9
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Monthuy-Blanc J, Corno G, Bouchard S, St-Pierre MJ, Bourbeau F, Mostefa-Kara L, Therrien É, Rousseau M. Body perceptions, occupations, eating attitudes, and behaviors emerged during the pandemic: An exploratory cluster analysis of eaters profiles. Front Psychol 2022; 13:949373. [PMID: 36544438 PMCID: PMC9762356 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.949373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted people's mental and physical health. Three areas have been significantly impacted, among others: eating-related behaviors, occupational balance, and exposure to self-image due to videoconferencing. This study aims to explore and document eaters profiles that were reported during the pandemic in the general Canadian population using a holistic perspective, including body perceptions, attitudes, and eating behaviors (i.e., body image, behaviors, attitudes, and motivations regarding food), and occupations (i.e., physical activity and cooking). Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from May to September 2020. Two hundred and seventy-three Canada's residents, French speaking of 18 years of age and older, participated in an online survey on behaviors, attitudes, and motivations regarding food and eating as well as body image and occupations during the COVID-19 pandemic. A hierarchical cluster analysis was used to determine the eaters profiles. One-way ANOVA and Chi-square test were conducted to differentiate occupational characteristics between eaters profiles. Results Three distinctive profiles were found during the COVID-19 pandemic and could be placed on a continuum: the Congruent-driven eater is at the functional pole of the continuum, whereas the Incongruent-driven eater is at the dysfunctional pole of the eaters continuum. In the middle of the continuum, the Incongruent-perceptual eater is at a critical crossing point. Significant differences were reported between eaters profiles. Discussion The empirical results based on an eaters continuum conceptualization highlight the importance of understanding how people perceive their body to assess and promote food well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johana Monthuy-Blanc
- Groupe de Recherche Loricorps, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Research Center of Mental Health University Institute of Montreal, Montreal (CR-IUSMM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Giulia Corno
- Groupe de Recherche Loricorps, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Chaire de Recherche du Canada en Cyberpsychologie Clinique, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bouchard
- Groupe de Recherche Loricorps, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Chaire de Recherche du Canada en Cyberpsychologie Clinique, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée St-Pierre
- Groupe de Recherche Loricorps, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Research Center of Mental Health University Institute of Montreal, Montreal (CR-IUSMM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Francisca Bourbeau
- Groupe de Recherche Loricorps, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Research Center of Mental Health University Institute of Montreal, Montreal (CR-IUSMM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Leïla Mostefa-Kara
- Groupe de Recherche Loricorps, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Research Center of Mental Health University Institute of Montreal, Montreal (CR-IUSMM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Émie Therrien
- Groupe de Recherche Loricorps, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Research Center of Mental Health University Institute of Montreal, Montreal (CR-IUSMM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Rousseau
- Groupe de Recherche Loricorps, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
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10
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Meneguzzo P, Sala A, Merlino L, Ceccato E, Santonastaso P. One year of COVID-19 pandemic on patients with eating disorders, healthy sisters, and community women: evidence of psychological vulnerabilities. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:3429-3438. [PMID: 36125663 PMCID: PMC9485014 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The COVID-19 pandemic has been a psychological burden worldwide, especially for individuals with eating disorders (EDs). In addition, the healthy sisters of patients with EDs are known to present specific psychological vulnerabilities. This study evaluates differences between the general population, patients with EDs, and their healthy sisters. METHOD A group of 233 participants (91 patients with EDs, 57 of their healthy sisters and 85 community women) was enrolled in an online survey on general and specific psychopathology 1 year after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey examined associations between posttraumatic symptoms and depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsiveness, interpersonal sensitivity, and eating-related concerns. RESULTS Clinically relevant scores for posttraumatic disorders were found in patients with EDs. Healthy sisters scored similarly to patients for avoidance. Regression analysis showed specific associations between interpersonal sensitivity and posttraumatic symptomatology in patients and healthy sisters, but not in community women. CONCLUSION The psychological burden in patients with EDs is clinically relevant and linked to interpersonal sensitivity, obsessive-compulsiveness, and global symptom severity. Differences between patients, healthy sisters, and community women are discussed regarding vulnerability factors for EDs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III: evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Meneguzzo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sala
- Vicenza Eating Disorders Center, Mental Health Department, Azienda ULSS8 “Berica”, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Laura Merlino
- Vicenza Eating Disorders Center, Mental Health Department, Azienda ULSS8 “Berica”, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Enrico Ceccato
- Vicenza Eating Disorders Center, Mental Health Department, Azienda ULSS8 “Berica”, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Paolo Santonastaso
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy
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11
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Meier K, van Hoeken D, Hoek HW. Review of the unprecedented impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the occurrence of eating disorders. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2022; 35:353-361. [PMID: 35903873 PMCID: PMC9594124 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the recent literature on the impact of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on incidence and severity of symptoms of eating disorders (EDs). RECENT FINDINGS A worrying increase of EDs in- and outpatients has been reported since the COVID-19 pandemic began in 2019/2020. Restrictions implemented during the pandemic to protect populations against COVID-19 increased the risk for onset and for worsening of EDs by disrupting eating and exercise routines, social isolation, lack of support, and limited access to healthcare. Substantial increases since the start of the pandemic have been reported for overall incidence (15%), hospital admissions (48%) and emergency department visits (11%) for EDs, with even higher increases among women and children or adolescents with an ED. During the pandemic, ED patients reported increased severity of ED-specific symptoms and increased anxiety, depression and suicidal ideations and -attempts. Treatments shifted largely toward online methods for continuity of care, despite concerns about the quality of care provided and difficulties in self-monitoring. Our review provides preliminary evidence for a similar effectiveness of online treatment to prepandemic face-to-face treatment. In-person assessment remains essential for detecting EDs and for those requiring medical admission. SUMMARY Although the ongoing COVID-2019 pandemic affected mental health globally, research shows that it particularly affected individuals with an ED diagnosis or at risk for an ED, especially women, children and adolescents, and those with anorexia nervosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karien Meier
- Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hans W. Hoek
- Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, New York, New York, USA
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12
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The global evolution of mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. J Affect Disord 2022; 315:70-95. [PMID: 35842064 PMCID: PMC9278995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic impacted mental health, but the global evolution of mental health problems during the pandemic is unknown. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies to evaluate the global evolution of mental health problems during the pandemic. METHODS To conduct this systematic review, we searched for published articles from APA PsycInfo (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Embase (Ovid), MEDLINE (Ovid), and Web of Science. Longitudinal (at least 2 waves during the COVID-19 pandemic) and peer-reviewed articles on mental health problems conducted as from 2020 and after were included in the current study. Of 394 eligible full texts, 64 articles were included in the analysis. We computed random effects, standardized mean differences, and log odds ratio (LOR) with 95 % CIs. The meta-analysis protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021273624). RESULTS Results showed that anxiety (LOR = -0.33; 95 % CI, -0.54, -0.12) and depression symptoms (LOR = -0.12; 95 % CI, -0.21, -0.04) decreased from baseline to follow up. However, other mental health problems showed no change. Higher prevalence rates (40.9 %; 95 % CI, 16.1 %-65.8 %) of psychological distress were found in months after July 2020, respectively, while there were no significant month differences for the prevalence of other mental health problems. Higher means of anxiety (d = 3.63, 95 % CI, 1.66, 5.61), depression (d = 3.93; 95 % CI, 1.68, 6.17), and loneliness (d = 5.96; 95 % CI, 3.22, 8.70) were observed in May 2020. Higher prevalence of anxiety, depression, and PTSD and higher means of anxiety, depression and loneliness were observed in North America. The prevalence of psychological distress and insomnia was higher in Latin America and Europe, respectively. LIMITATIONS There is a lack of longitudinal studies in some parts of the world, such as Africa, the Caribbean, India, the Middle East, in Latin America, and Asia. CONCLUSIONS Results indicated that anxiety and depression symptoms decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic while other mental health problems showed no statistical change. The findings reveal that mental health problems peaked in April and May 2020. Prevalence of mental health problems remains high during the pandemic and mental health prevention, promotion and intervention programs should be implemented to mitigate the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global population.
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13
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Serur Y, Dikstein H, Shilton T, Gothelf D, Latzer Y, Lewis Y, Enoch-Levy A, Pessach I, Gur E, Stein D. The emotional-behavioral state of Israeli adolescent and young adult females with anorexia nervosa during the COVID19 pandemic. J Eat Disord 2022; 10:145. [PMID: 36209127 PMCID: PMC9547577 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-022-00668-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel, the number of patients with eating disorders (EDs) seeking treatment increased significantly. The present study sought to evaluate whether, during the pandemic (2020-21), patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) would show more ED-related, comorbid, and COVID-19-related symptoms in comparison to a naturalistic control group, and whether differences would be found between adult and adolescent patients with AN. We also examined attitudes to telemedicine use during the pandemic in patients receiving long-distance interventions. METHODS Using online self-report questionnaires, we assessed general and COVID-19-specific symptoms with a secure digital platform (REDCap®) in 36 female adolescents with AN, 35 female adults with AN, and 25 female controls. RESULTS Compared with controls, patients with AN showed more symptoms of EDs, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), elevated suicidal ideation, more COVID-related emotional-behavioral disturbances, and lower resilience. Adult patients with AN fared worse than adolescent patients on most of these measures. Adult patients using telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic showed fewer positive attitudes toward this treatment than adolescents (telemedicine was offered to all, but used by 18/35 adolescents and 21/36 adults with AN). Last, elevated COVID-19-related symptomatology was correlated with more symptoms of ED, anxiety, depression and PTSD, and with lower resilience. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the emotional-behavioral state of Israeli females with AN, particularly adults, was worse during the COVID-19 pandemic in comparison to controls. Many patients did not use telemedicine for their treatment. Adult patients using telemedicine were less satisfied with it than adolescent patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaffa Serur
- Pediatric Psychosomatic Department, Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Psychatric Division, Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Hadar Dikstein
- Pediatric Psychosomatic Department, Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Psychatric Division, Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Tal Shilton
- Psychiatric Division, Psychiatric Department, Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, 5265601, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Psychatric Division, Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Department of Psychiatry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Doron Gothelf
- Psychiatric Division, Psychiatric Department, Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, 5265601, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Psychatric Division, Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Department of Psychiatry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Latzer
- Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.,Psychiatric Division, Eating Disorders Institution, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yael Lewis
- Shalvatah Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon, Israel
| | - Adi Enoch-Levy
- Pediatric Psychosomatic Department, Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Psychatric Division, Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Itai Pessach
- Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Department of Psychiatry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eitan Gur
- Center for the Treatment of Eating Disorders and Obesity, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Daniel Stein
- Pediatric Psychosomatic Department, Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel. .,Psychatric Division, Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel. .,Sheba Medical Center, Safra Children's Hospital, Tel Hashomer, Israel. .,Department of Psychiatry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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14
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Kamble S, Joshi A, Kamble R, Kumari S. Influence of COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychological Status: An Elaborate Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e29820. [PMCID: PMC9622468 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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15
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Lannoy S, Fama R, Sassoon SA, Le Berre AP, Asok P, Zahr NM, Pfefferbaum A, Sullivan EV. A prospective study revealing a compounded burden of COVID-19, sex, and clinical diagnosis of alcohol use disorder and HIV infection on quality of life, anxiety, and alcohol use. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 152:152-159. [PMID: 35724497 PMCID: PMC9192099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented restrictions to mitigate disease spread, leading to consequences affecting mental health. Many studies examining COVID-19 pandemic effects on well-being and mental health initiated inquiry after the pandemic onset, whereas we used self-report questionnaires obtained before the pandemic to re-assess the same functions during the pandemic. Participants were drawn from our ongoing longitudinal studies of people with HIV infection, alcohol use disorder (AUD), HIV + AUD comorbidity, and controls. We used phone or mail contact to invite all to participate in our COVID phone survey, which included three self-report questionnaires: Health-related Quality of Life (QoL), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). Of 218 eligible participants, 86 responded (July 2020-March 2021): clinical (29 men, 23 women; 17 AUD, 21 HIV, 14 HIV + AUD); control (17 men, 17 women). QoL scores declined, and anxiety symptoms increased from pre-COVID surveys in all groups; clinical women reported greater negative changes than the other groups. QoL subscales revealed COVID-related declines in emotional well-being in all groups, with clinical women reporting additional declines in energy, physical and social functioning, health, and pain increase. Clinical men also reported health declines. Although AUDIT scores were stable in all groups between assessments, changes in AUDIT scores were inversely correlated with QoL scores in clinical women; in clinical men, changes in STAI scores were inversely correlated with QoL scores. Although all groups were adversely affected by the pandemic, the negative effects were greater in the clinical group regardless of diagnosis and greatest in clinical women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Lannoy
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA; Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Rosemary Fama
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA; SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | | | - Anne-Pascale Le Berre
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Priya Asok
- SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Natalie M Zahr
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA; SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Adolf Pfefferbaum
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA; SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Edith V Sullivan
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA; SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
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16
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J. Devoe D, Han A, Anderson A, Katzman DK, Patten SB, Soumbasis A, Flanagan J, Paslakis G, Vyver E, Marcoux G, Dimitropoulos G. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating disorders: A systematic review. Int J Eat Disord 2022; 56:5-25. [PMID: 35384016 PMCID: PMC9087369 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A growing body of evidence suggests that individuals with eating disorders (EDs) have experienced deteriorating symptoms, increased isolation, and an increase in hospital admissions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite this, no systematic reviews have been conducted examining the COVID-19 and ED peer-reviewed literature. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to synthesize the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with EDs. METHOD Database searches of the peer-reviewed literature were completed in the subsequent databases: CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO (from November 2019 to October 20, 2021). All research reporting on the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with EDs were included. RESULTS Fifty-three studies met the inclusion criteria, including 36,485 individuals with EDs. The pooled hospital admissions across the studies demonstrated on average a 48% (pre = 591, post = 876, n = 10 studies) increase in admissions during the pandemic compared to previous pre-pandemic timepoints. In this review, 36% of studies (n = 19) documented increases in eating disorder symptoms during the pandemic, this increase in eating disorder symptoms were documented in AN, BED, BN, and OFSED patients. Studies also demonstrated increases in anxiety (n = 9) and depression (n = 8), however patterns of change appeared to be diagnostic and timing specific (e.g., lockdowns). DISCUSSION We found a large increase in the number of hospitalizations and an increase in ED symptoms, anxiety, depression, and changes to BMI in ED patients during the pandemic. However, these changes appeared to be diagnostic and timing specific. Many qualitative studies described deterioration in ED symptomatology due to decreased access to care and treatment, changes to routine and loss of structure, negative influence of the media, and social isolation. Future studies are needed to focus on pediatric populations, new ED diagnoses, and severity of illness at presentation. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE The scientific literature suggests that individuals with eating disorders have experienced deteriorating symptoms, increased isolation, and an increase in hospital admissions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study synthesized 53 articles and explored the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with eating disorders. We found increases in eating disorder symptoms during the pandemic; this increase in eating disorder symptoms was documented in patients with common eating disorders including anorexia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, bulimia nervosa, and other specified feeding and eating disorders. This review also demonstrated changes in body mass index (an index used to classify underweight, overweight, and obesity in adults) and increases in anxiety and depression during the pandemic compared to previous timepoints; patterns of change appeared to be related to timing of lockdowns. This review provides important information on the impact of COVID-19 on the physical and mental health of individuals with eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Devoe
- Department of Psychiatry, Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & EducationUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada,Department of PsychologyMount Royal UniversityCalgaryCanada
| | - Angela Han
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of PediatricsThe Hospital for Sick Children, University of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Alida Anderson
- Department of Psychiatry, Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & EducationUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Debra K. Katzman
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of PediatricsThe Hospital for Sick Children, University of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Scott B. Patten
- Department of Psychiatry, Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & EducationUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Andrea Soumbasis
- Department of Psychiatry, Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & EducationUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Jordyn Flanagan
- Department of Psychiatry, Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & EducationUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Georgios Paslakis
- University Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and PsychotherapyRuhr‐University BochumLübbeckeGermany
| | | | | | - Gina Dimitropoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & EducationUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada,Faculty of Social WorkUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
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Schneider J, Pegram G, Gibson B, Talamonti D, Tinoco A, Craddock N, Matheson E, Forshaw M. A mixed-studies systematic review of the experiences of body image, disordered eating, and eating disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Eat Disord 2022; 56:26-67. [PMID: 35322449 PMCID: PMC9087368 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This systematic review assessed the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions on body image, disordered eating (DE), and eating disorder outcomes. METHODS After registration on PROSPERO, a search was conducted for papers published between December 1, 2019 and August 1, 2021, using the databases PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, CINAHL Plus, AMED, MEDLINE, ERIC, EMBASE, Wiley, and ProQuest (dissertations and theses). RESULTS Data from 75 qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies were synthesized using a convergent integrated approach and presented narratively within four themes: (1) disruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) variability in the improvement or exacerbation of symptoms; (3) factors associated with body image and DE outcomes; (4) unique challenges for marginalized and underrepresented groups. Disruptions due to the pandemic included social and functional restrictions. Although most studies reported a worsening of concerns, some participants also reported symptom improvement or no change as a result of the pandemic. Factors associated with worse outcomes included psychological, individual, social, and eating disorder-related variables. Individuals identifying as LGBTQ+ reported unique concerns during COVID-19. DISCUSSION There is large variability in individuals' responses to COVID-19 and limited research exploring the effect of the pandemic on body image, DE, and eating disorder outcomes using longitudinal and experimental study designs. In addition, further research is required to investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on body image and eating concerns among minoritized, racialized, underrepresented, or otherwise marginalized participants. Based on the findings of this review, we make recommendations for individuals, researchers, clinicians, and public health messaging. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE This review of 75 studies highlights the widespread negative impacts that the COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions have had on body image and disordered eating outcomes. It also identifies considerable variations in both the improvement and exacerbation of said outcomes that individuals, researchers, clinicians, and other public health professionals should be mindful of if we are to ensure that vulnerable people get the tailored support they require.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jekaterina Schneider
- Centre for Appearance Research, Department of Health and Social SciencesUniversity of the West of EnglandBristolUK
| | - Georgina Pegram
- Centre for Appearance Research, Department of Health and Social SciencesUniversity of the West of EnglandBristolUK
| | - Benjamin Gibson
- School of Psychology, Faculty of HealthLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK
| | - Deborah Talamonti
- Research Centre and Centre EPICMontreal Heart InstituteMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Aline Tinoco
- Centre for Appearance Research, Department of Health and Social SciencesUniversity of the West of EnglandBristolUK
| | - Nadia Craddock
- Centre for Appearance Research, Department of Health and Social SciencesUniversity of the West of EnglandBristolUK
| | - Emily Matheson
- Centre for Appearance Research, Department of Health and Social SciencesUniversity of the West of EnglandBristolUK
| | - Mark Forshaw
- School of Psychology, Faculty of HealthLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK
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18
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Baenas I, Etxandi M, Munguía L, Granero R, Mestre-Bach G, Sánchez I, Ortega E, Andreu A, Moize VL, Fernández-Real JM, Tinahones FJ, Diéguez C, Frühbeck G, Le Grange D, Tchanturia K, Karwautz A, Zeiler M, Imgart H, Zanko A, Favaro A, Claes L, Shekriladze I, Serrano-Troncoso E, Cecilia-Costa R, Rangil T, Loran-Meler ME, Soriano-Pacheco J, Carceller-Sindreu M, Navarrete R, Lozano M, Linares R, Gudiol C, Carratala J, Plana MT, Graell M, González-Parra D, Gómez-del Barrio JA, Sepúlveda AR, Sánchez-González J, Machado PPP, Håkansson A, Túry F, Pászthy B, Stein D, Papezová H, Gricova J, Bax B, Borisenkov MF, Popov SV, Gubin DG, Petrov IM, Isakova D, Mustafina SV, Kim YR, Nakazato M, Godart N, van Voren R, Ilnytska T, Chen J, Rowlands K, Voderholzer U, Monteleone AM, Treasure J, Jiménez-Murcia S, Fernández-Aranda F. Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown in Eating Disorders: A Multicentre Collaborative International Study. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010100. [PMID: 35010974 PMCID: PMC8746935 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The COVID-19 lockdown has had a significant impact on mental health. Patients with eating disorders (ED) have been particularly vulnerable. Aims. (1) To explore changes in eating-related symptoms and general psychopathology during lockdown in patients with an ED from various European and Asian countries; and (2) to assess differences related to diagnostic ED subtypes, age, and geography. Methods. The sample comprised 829 participants, diagnosed with an ED according to DSM-5 criteria from specialized ED units in Europe and Asia. Participants were assessed using the COVID-19 Isolation Scale (CIES). Results. Patients with binge eating disorder (BED) experienced the highest impact on weight and ED symptoms in comparison with other ED subtypes during lockdown, whereas individuals with other specified feeding and eating disorders (OFSED) had greater deterioration in general psychological functioning than subjects with other ED subtypes. Finally, Asian and younger individuals appeared to be more resilient. Conclusions. The psychopathological changes in ED patients during the COVID-19 lockdown varied by cultural context and individual variation in age and ED diagnosis. Clinical services may need to target preventive measures and adapt therapeutic approaches for the most vulnerable patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Baenas
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; (I.B.); (M.E.); (L.M.); (I.S.); (J.S.-G.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.); (J.-M.F.-R.); (F.J.T.); (C.D.); (G.F.)
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mikel Etxandi
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; (I.B.); (M.E.); (L.M.); (I.S.); (J.S.-G.)
| | - Lucero Munguía
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; (I.B.); (M.E.); (L.M.); (I.S.); (J.S.-G.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.); (J.-M.F.-R.); (F.J.T.); (C.D.); (G.F.)
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Granero
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.); (J.-M.F.-R.); (F.J.T.); (C.D.); (G.F.)
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology, School of Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Mestre-Bach
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, 26006 La Rioja, Spain;
| | - Isabel Sánchez
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; (I.B.); (M.E.); (L.M.); (I.S.); (J.S.-G.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.); (J.-M.F.-R.); (F.J.T.); (C.D.); (G.F.)
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Ortega
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Division, Hospital Clinic and Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.O.); (A.A.); (V.L.M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Andreu
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Division, Hospital Clinic and Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.O.); (A.A.); (V.L.M.)
| | - Violeta L. Moize
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Division, Hospital Clinic and Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.O.); (A.A.); (V.L.M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose-Manuel Fernández-Real
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.); (J.-M.F.-R.); (F.J.T.); (C.D.); (G.F.)
- Unit of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta-Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), 17007 Girona, Spain
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Tinahones
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.); (J.-M.F.-R.); (F.J.T.); (C.D.); (G.F.)
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Carlos Diéguez
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.); (J.-M.F.-R.); (F.J.T.); (C.D.); (G.F.)
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.); (J.-M.F.-R.); (F.J.T.); (C.D.); (G.F.)
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra-IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Le Grange
- Eating Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
| | - Kate Tchanturia
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK; (K.T.); (K.R.); (J.T.)
| | - Andreas Karwautz
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.K.); (M.Z.)
| | - Michael Zeiler
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.K.); (M.Z.)
| | - Hartmut Imgart
- Parkland Klinik, 34537 Bad Wildungen, Germany; (H.I.); (A.Z.)
| | - Annika Zanko
- Parkland Klinik, 34537 Bad Wildungen, Germany; (H.I.); (A.Z.)
| | - Angela Favaro
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua and Neuroscience Center (PNC), 35122 Padua, Italy;
| | - Laurence Claes
- Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ia Shekriladze
- D. Uznadze Institute of Psychology, Ilia State University, 0162 Tbilisi, Georgia;
| | - Eduardo Serrano-Troncoso
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain; (E.S.-T.); (R.C.-C.)
| | - Raquel Cecilia-Costa
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain; (E.S.-T.); (R.C.-C.)
| | - Teresa Rangil
- Department of Psychiatry, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital-IGTP, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (T.R.); (M.E.L.-M.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Eulalia Loran-Meler
- Department of Psychiatry, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital-IGTP, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (T.R.); (M.E.L.-M.)
| | - José Soriano-Pacheco
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau-Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau)-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (J.S.-P.); (M.C.-S.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.T.P.); (M.G.); (J.A.G.-d.B.)
| | - Mar Carceller-Sindreu
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau-Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau)-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (J.S.-P.); (M.C.-S.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.T.P.); (M.G.); (J.A.G.-d.B.)
| | - Rosa Navarrete
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | | | - Carlota Gudiol
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge-Institut de Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)-Institut Català d’Oncologia-Hospitalet, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (C.G.); (J.C.)
- REIPI (Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Disease), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Carratala
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge-Institut de Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)-Institut Català d’Oncologia-Hospitalet, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (C.G.); (J.C.)
- REIPI (Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Disease), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria T. Plana
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.T.P.); (M.G.); (J.A.G.-d.B.)
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2017SGR881, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Graell
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.T.P.); (M.G.); (J.A.G.-d.B.)
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Service, Child Hospital Niño Jesus, 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - David González-Parra
- Psychiatry Service, University of Salamanca Healthcare Complex (USHC)-Institute of Biomedicine of Salamanca (IBSAL)-University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - José A. Gómez-del Barrio
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.T.P.); (M.G.); (J.A.G.-d.B.)
- Unidad de Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria, Hospital Universitario “Marqués de Valdecilla”, Avda, Valdecilla s/n, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Ana R. Sepúlveda
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jéssica Sánchez-González
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; (I.B.); (M.E.); (L.M.); (I.S.); (J.S.-G.)
| | - Paulo P. P. Machado
- Psychotherapy and Psychopathology Research Unit—Psychology Research Center, School of Psychology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Anders Håkansson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden;
- Gambling Disorder Unit, Malmö Addiction Center, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ferenc Túry
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Bea Pászthy
- 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Daniel Stein
- Safra Children’s Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52 621, Israel;
| | - Hana Papezová
- Department of Psychiatry, 1st Medical Faculty of Charles University, 11000 Prague, Czech Republic; (H.P.); (J.G.)
| | - Jana Gricova
- Department of Psychiatry, 1st Medical Faculty of Charles University, 11000 Prague, Czech Republic; (H.P.); (J.G.)
| | - Brigita Bax
- Eating Disorders Center, Vilnius University Vilnius, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Mikhail F. Borisenkov
- Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (M.F.B.); (S.V.P.)
| | - Sergey V. Popov
- Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (M.F.B.); (S.V.P.)
| | - Denis G. Gubin
- Laboratory for Chronobiology and Chronomedicine, Department of Biology, Tyumen State Medical University, 625023 Tyumen, Russia;
- Tyumen Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk Research Medical Center, 634009 Tyumen, Russia
| | - Ivan M. Petrov
- Department of Biological & Medical Physics UNESCO, Tyumen State Medical University, 625023 Tyumen, Russia;
| | - Dilara Isakova
- Department of Therapy and Endocrinology, Tyumen State Medical University, 625023 Tyumen, Russia;
| | - Svetlana V. Mustafina
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine–Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Youl-Ri Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Paik Hospital-Inje University, Seoul 01757, Korea;
| | - Michiko Nakazato
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita 286-8686, Japan;
| | - Nathalie Godart
- CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INSERM U 1178, 94805 Villejuif, France;
- Department of Psychiatry, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, School of Medicine, Université Paris Descartes, 75006 Paris, France
- UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil (UVSQ), Praticienne Hospitalière, Fondation Santé des Etudiants de France, 78180 Paris, France
| | - Robert van Voren
- Department of Political Science, Vytautas Magnus University, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Tetiana Ilnytska
- Institute of Psychiatry of Taras Shevchenko, National University of Kyiv, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine;
| | - Jue Chen
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280, Shanghai 200030, China;
| | - Katie Rowlands
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK; (K.T.); (K.R.); (J.T.)
| | | | - Alessio M. Monteleone
- Dipartimento di Salute Mentale e Fisica e Medicina Preventiva, Universitá degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Janet Treasure
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK; (K.T.); (K.R.); (J.T.)
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; (I.B.); (M.E.); (L.M.); (I.S.); (J.S.-G.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.); (J.-M.F.-R.); (F.J.T.); (C.D.); (G.F.)
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.J.-M.); (F.F.-A.); Tel.: +34-93-260-7227 (S.J.-M. & F.F.-A.)
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; (I.B.); (M.E.); (L.M.); (I.S.); (J.S.-G.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.); (J.-M.F.-R.); (F.J.T.); (C.D.); (G.F.)
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.J.-M.); (F.F.-A.); Tel.: +34-93-260-7227 (S.J.-M. & F.F.-A.)
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Cascino G, Marciello F, Abbate-Daga G, Balestrieri M, Bertelli S, Carpiniello B, Corrivetti G, Favaro A, Renna C, Ricca V, Salvo P, Segura-Garcia C, Todisco P, Volpe U, Zeppegno P, Monteleone P, Monteleone AM. How Is the History of Early Traumatic Exposure Associated With the Psychopathological Outcomes of COVID-19 Related Lockdown and Subsequent Re-opening in People With Eating Disorders? Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:789344. [PMID: 34955933 PMCID: PMC8692284 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.789344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The negative impact of COVID-19 pandemic on people with Eating Disorders (EDs) has been documented. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a history of traumatic experiences during childhood or adolescence was associated with a higher degree of psychopathological worsening during COVID-19 related lockdown and in the following re-opening period in this group of people. People with EDs undergoing a specialist ED treatment in different Italian services before the spreading of COVID-19 pandemic (n = 312) filled in an online survey to retrospectively evaluate ED specific and general psychopathology changes after COVID-19 quarantine. Based on the presence of self-reported traumatic experiences, the participants were split into three groups: patients with EDs and no traumatic experiences, patients with EDs and childhood traumatic experiences, patients with EDs and adolescent traumatic experiences. Both people with or without early traumatic experiences reported retrospectively a worsening of general and ED-specific psychopathology during the COVID 19-induced lockdown and in the following re-opening period. Compared to ED participants without early traumatic experiences, those with a self-reported history of early traumatic experiences reported heightened anxious and post-traumatic stress symptoms, ineffectiveness, body dissatisfaction, and purging behaviors. These differences were seen before COVID-19 related restrictions as well as during the lockdown period and after the easing of COVID-19 related restrictions. In line with the "maltreated ecophenotype" theory, these results may suggest a clinical vulnerability of maltreated people with EDs leading to a greater severity in both general and ED-specific symptomatology experienced during the exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giammarco Cascino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesca Marciello
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giovanni Abbate-Daga
- Department of Neuroscience, Eating Disorders Center for Treatment and Research, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Sara Bertelli
- Department of Mental Health, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Bernardo Carpiniello
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Angela Favaro
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Caterina Renna
- Mental Health Department, Center for the Treatment and Research on Eating Disorders, ASL Lecce, Lecce, Italy
| | - Valdo Ricca
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pierandrea Salvo
- Eating Disorders Centre Portogruaro, AULSS 4 Veneto Orientale, San Donà di Piave, Italy
| | - Cristina Segura-Garcia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Patrizia Todisco
- Eating Disorders Unit, Casa di Cura “Villa Margherita”, Arcugnano, Italy
| | - Umberto Volpe
- Section of Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neurosciences/DIMSC, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Patrizia Zeppegno
- Department of Translational Medicine, Psychiatry Institute, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Palmiero Monteleone
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
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Monteleone AM, Cascino G, Barone E, Carfagno M, Monteleone P. COVID-19 Pandemic and Eating Disorders: What Can We Learn About Psychopathology and Treatment? A Systematic Review. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2021; 23:83. [PMID: 34674064 PMCID: PMC8528944 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-021-01294-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This systematic review aims to collect evidence regarding the impact of the SarsCov-2 pandemic on people affected by eating disorders (EDs) targeting the following variables: psychopathology changes, mechanisms of vulnerability or resilience, and perception of treatment modifications during the pandemic. RECENT FINDINGS Since the beginning of the pandemic, a mental health deterioration has been detected in the general population and especially in people affected by pre-existing psychiatric conditions. Furthermore, mental healthcare has moved toward online treatment. ED people showed a trend toward worsening of ED-specific psychopathology and impairment in general psychopathology. The most common vulnerability mechanisms were social isolation and feelings of uncertainty, while heightened self-care and reduced social pressure were resilience factors. The online treatment, although raising many concerns related to its quality, was considered the best alternative to the face-to-face approach. These findings may support the idea that stressful events contribute to the exacerbation of ED psychopathology and highlight the relevance of internalizing symptoms in EDs. The identification of putative risk and resilience variables as well as of subjective factors affecting online treatment perception may inform healthcare professionals and may promote more personalized approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giammarco Cascino
- grid.11780.3f0000 0004 1937 0335Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana,’ Section of Neurosciences, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Eugenia Barone
- grid.9841.40000 0001 2200 8888Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,”, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Carfagno
- grid.9841.40000 0001 2200 8888Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,”, Naples, Italy
| | - Palmiero Monteleone
- grid.11780.3f0000 0004 1937 0335Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana,’ Section of Neurosciences, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
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