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Isari AA, Ghaffarkhah A, Hashemi SA, Wuttke S, Arjmand M. Structural Design for EMI Shielding: From Underlying Mechanisms to Common Pitfalls. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310683. [PMID: 38467559 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Modern human civilization deeply relies on the rapid advancement of cutting-edge electronic systems that have revolutionized communication, education, aviation, and entertainment. However, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) generated by digital systems poses a significant threat to the society, potentially leading to a future crisis. While numerous efforts are made to develop nanotechnological shielding systems to mitigate the detrimental effects of EMI, there is limited focus on creating absorption-dominant shielding solutions. Achieving absorption-dominant EMI shields requires careful structural design engineering, starting from the smallest components and considering the most effective electromagnetic wave attenuating factors. This review offers a comprehensive overview of shielding structures, emphasizing the critical elements of absorption-dominant shielding design, shielding mechanisms, limitations of both traditional and nanotechnological EMI shields, and common misconceptions about the foundational principles of EMI shielding science. This systematic review serves as a scientific guide for designing shielding structures that prioritize absorption, highlighting an often-overlooked aspect of shielding science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar Isari
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Ahmadreza Ghaffarkhah
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Seyyed Alireza Hashemi
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Stefan Wuttke
- Basque Centre for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures (BCMaterials), Bld. Martina Casiano, 3rd. Floor UPV/EHU Science Park Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa, 48940, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
| | - Mohammad Arjmand
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
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Zhu P, Kang Y, Li X, Yu H, Liu T, Song M, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Zhao P, Huang W. UV-modification of Ag nanoparticles on α-MoC x for interface polarization engineering in electromagnetic wave absorption. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:6249-6258. [PMID: 38449440 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05917k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The design of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials (EWAMs) has aroused great attention with the express development of electromagnetic devices, which pose a severe EM pollution risk to human health. Herein, an Ag-doped MoCx composite was designed and constructed through a UV-light-induced self-reduction process. The UV-reduction time was controlled on the α-MoC polymer for 0.5-2 hours for modifying different amounts of Ag. As a result, α-MoC@Ag-1.5 exhibited the strongest RLmin of -56.51 dB at 8.8 GHz under a thickness of 3.0 mm and the widest EAB of 4.96 GHz (12.16-17.12 GHz) covering a substantial portion of the Ku-band at a thickness of 2.0 mm due to the synergy of the conductivity loss and abundant interfacial polarization sites. Additionally, a new strategy for computer simulation technology was proposed to simulate substantial radar cross-sectional reduction values with real far-field conditions, whereby absorbing coatings with α-MoC@Ag-1.5 were proved to contribute to a remarkable radar cross-sectional reduction of 37.4 dB m2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Yifan Kang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Xinglong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Education Mega Centre, No. 280, Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Haoquan Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Education Mega Centre, No. 280, Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
- College of New Energy, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Ming Song
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Lifan Zhou
- Shaanxi Electronic Information Research Institute Co. Ltd, Xian 710061, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Education Mega Centre, No. 280, Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Wenhuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
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Liu X, Zhao D, Wang J. Challenges and Opportunities in Preserving Key Structural Features of 3D-Printed Metal/Covalent Organic Framework. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:157. [PMID: 38512503 PMCID: PMC10957829 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01373-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Metal-organic framework (MOF) and covalent organic framework (COF) are a huge group of advanced porous materials exhibiting attractive and tunable microstructural features, such as large surface area, tunable pore size, and functional surfaces, which have significant values in various application areas. The emerging 3D printing technology further provides MOF and COFs (M/COFs) with higher designability of their macrostructure and demonstrates large achievements in their performance by shaping them into advanced 3D monoliths. However, the currently available 3D printing M/COFs strategy faces a major challenge of severe destruction of M/COFs' microstructural features, both during and after 3D printing. It is envisioned that preserving the microstructure of M/COFs in the 3D-printed monolith will bring a great improvement to the related applications. In this overview, the 3D-printed M/COFs are categorized into M/COF-mixed monoliths and M/COF-covered monoliths. Their differences in the properties, applications, and current research states are discussed. The up-to-date advancements in paste/scaffold composition and printing/covering methods to preserve the superior M/COF microstructure during 3D printing are further discussed for the two types of 3D-printed M/COF. Throughout the analysis of the current states of 3D-printed M/COFs, the expected future research direction to achieve a highly preserved microstructure in the 3D monolith is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximeng Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117574, Singapore
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - John Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117574, Singapore.
- National University of Singapore (Chongqing) Research Institute, Chongqing, 401123, People's Republic of China.
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Esmaeili M, Akbari E, George K, Rezvan G, Taheri-Qazvini N, Sadati M. Engineering Nano/Microscale Chiral Self-Assembly in 3D Printed Constructs. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 16:54. [PMID: 38108930 PMCID: PMC10728402 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01286-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Helical hierarchy found in biomolecules like cellulose, chitin, and collagen underpins the remarkable mechanical strength and vibrant colors observed in living organisms. This study advances the integration of helical/chiral assembly and 3D printing technology, providing precise spatial control over chiral nano/microstructures of rod-shaped colloidal nanoparticles in intricate geometries. We designed reactive chiral inks based on cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) suspensions and acrylamide monomers, enabling the chiral assembly at nano/microscale, beyond the resolution seen in printed materials. We employed a range of complementary techniques including Orthogonal Superposition rheometry and in situ rheo-optic measurements under steady shear rate conditions. These techniques help us to understand the nature of the nonlinear flow behavior of the chiral inks, and directly probe the flow-induced microstructural dynamics and phase transitions at constant shear rates, as well as their post-flow relaxation. Furthermore, we analyzed the photo-curing process to identify key parameters affecting gelation kinetics and structural integrity of the printed object within the supporting bath. These insights into the interplay between the chiral inks self-assembly dynamics, 3D printing flow kinematics and photo-polymerization kinetics provide a roadmap to direct the out-of-equilibrium arrangement of CNC particles in the 3D printed filaments, ranging from uniform nematic to 3D concentric chiral structures with controlled pitch length, as well as random orientation of chiral domains. Our biomimetic approach can pave the way for the creation of materials with superior mechanical properties or programable photonic responses that arise from 3D nano/microstructure and can be translated into larger scale 3D printed designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Esmaeili
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Ehsan Akbari
- TA Instruments, Waters LLC, New Castle, DE, 19720, USA
| | - Kyle George
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Gelareh Rezvan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Nader Taheri-Qazvini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Monirosadat Sadati
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
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Yu G, Shao G, Xu R, Chen Y, Zhu X, Huang X. Metal-Organic Framework-Manipulated Dielectric Genes Inside Silicon Carbonitride toward Tunable Electromagnetic Wave Absorption. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2304694. [PMID: 37455351 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Heterointerface engineering for different identifiable length scales has emerged as a key research area for obtaining materials capable of high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption; however, achieving controllable architectural and compositional complexity in nanomaterials with environmental and thermal stabilities remains challenging. Herein, metal-containing silicon carbonitride (SiCN/M) nanocomposite ceramics with multiphase heterointerfaces were in situ synthesized via coordination crosslinking, catalytic graphitization, and phase separation processes using trace amounts of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The results reveal that the regulation of dielectric genes by MOFs can yield considerable lattice strain and abundant lattice defects, contributing to strong interfacial and dipole polarizations. The as-prepared SiCN/M ceramics demonstrate excellent microwave absorption performance: the minimum reflection loss (RLmin ) is -72.6 dB at a thickness of only 1.5 mm and -54.1 dB at an ultralow frequency of 3.56 GHz for the SiCN/Fe ceramics and the RLmin is -55.1 dB with a broad bandwidth of 3.4 GHz at an ultralow thickness of 1.2 mm for the SiCN/CoFe ceramic. The results are expected to provide guidance for the design of future dielectric microwave absorption materials based on heterointerface engineering while offering a paradigm for developing MOF-modified SiCN nanocomposite ceramics with desirable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoyuan Yu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Gaofeng Shao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Rupan Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Xiaogu Huang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
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Yu G, Shao G, Chen Y, Huang X. Nanolayered Ceramic-Confined Graphene Aerogel with Conformal Heterointerfaces for Low-Frequency Microwave Absorption. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:39559-39569. [PMID: 37566632 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based aerogels have garnered considerable attention for their lightweight and efficient microwave absorption (MA) properties; however, optimizing the relationship between impedance matching and attenuation capability at low frequencies remains a challenge. In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) silicon carbonitride (SiCN) nanoceramic-coated graphene aerogel with conformal heterogeneous interfaces is constructed by precursor infiltration and pyrolysis to optimize MA performance at low frequencies. Thanks to the enhanced impedance matching and significant interfacial polarization of the two-dimensional sandwiched SiCN/graphene/SiCN cell walls and multiple scattering occurring within the 3D porous skeleton, the aerogel achieves a minimum reflection loss of -57.9 dB at an ultralow frequency of 4.92 GHz (C-band) and a broad bandwidth of 5.0 GHz at an ultralow thickness of 1.7 mm. The strategy developed here provides a method for enhancing dielectric polarization loss in graphene aerogels by the joint optimization of interfacial polarization and impedance matching, inspiring the design of high-performance graphene-based materials for low-frequency MA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoyuan Yu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Gaofeng Shao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Xiaogu Huang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
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7
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Li Y, Li J, Jiang S, Zhong C, Zhao C, Jiao Y, Shen J, Chen H, Ye M, Zhou J, Yang X, Gou Z, Xu S, Shen M. The design of strut/TPMS-based pore geometries in bioceramic scaffolds guiding osteogenesis and angiogenesis in bone regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100667. [PMID: 37273795 PMCID: PMC10238647 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The pore morphology design of bioceramic scaffolds plays a substantial role in the induction of bone regeneration. Specifically, the effects of different scaffold pore geometry designs on angiogenesis and new bone regeneration remain unclear. Therefore, we fabricated Mg/Sr co-doped wollastonite bioceramic (MS-CSi) scaffolds with three different pore geometries (gyroid, cylindrical, and cubic) and compared their effects on osteogenesis and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. The MS-CSi scaffolds were fabricated by digital light processing (DLP) printing technology. The pore structure, mechanical properties, and degradation rate of the scaffolds were investigated. Cell proliferation on the scaffolds was evaluated using CCK-8 assays while angiogenesis was assessed using Transwell migration assays, tube formation assays, and immunofluorescence staining. The underlying mechanism was explored by western blotting. Osteogenic ability of scaffolds was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, western blotting, and qRT-PCR. Subsequently, a rabbit femoral defect model was prepared to compare differences in the scaffolds in osteogenesis and angiogenesis in vivo. Cell culture experiments showed that the gyroid pore scaffold downregulated YAP/TAZ phosphorylation and enhanced YAP/TAZ nuclear translocation, thereby promoting proliferation, migration, tube formation, and high expression of CD31 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) while strut-based (cubic and cylindrical pore) scaffolds promoted osteogenic differentiation in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and upregulation of osteogenesis-related genes. The gyroid pore scaffolds were observed to facilitate early angiogenesis in the femoral-defect model rabbits while the strut-based scaffolds promoted the formation of new bone tissue. Our study indicated that the pore geometries and pore curvature characteristics of bioceramic scaffolds can be precisely tuned for enhancing both osteogenesis and angiogenesis. These results may provide new ideas for the design of bioceramic scaffolds for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Jiafeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Huaizhi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Meihan Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Jiayu Zhou
- Affiliated Mental Health Centre & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310013, PR China
| | - Xianyan Yang
- Bio-nanomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Research Division, Zhejiang-California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Zhongru Gou
- Bio-nanomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Research Division, Zhejiang-California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Sanzhong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Miaoda Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
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Shu JC, Zhang YL, Qin Y, Cao MS. Oxidative Molecular Layer Deposition Tailoring Eco-Mimetic Nanoarchitecture to Manipulate Electromagnetic Attenuation and Self-Powered Energy Conversion. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:142. [PMID: 37258997 PMCID: PMC10232706 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01112-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Advanced electromagnetic devices, as the pillars of the intelligent age, are setting off a grand transformation, redefining the structure of society to present pluralism and diversity. However, the bombardment of electromagnetic radiation on society is also increasingly serious along with the growing popularity of "Big Data". Herein, drawing wisdom and inspiration from nature, an eco-mimetic nanoarchitecture is constructed for the first time, highly integrating the advantages of multiple components and structures to exhibit excellent electromagnetic response. Its electromagnetic properties and internal energy conversion can be flexibly regulated by tailoring microstructure with oxidative molecular layer deposition (oMLD), providing a new cognition to frequency-selective microwave absorption. The optimal reflection loss reaches ≈ - 58 dB, and the absorption frequency can be shifted from high frequency to low frequency by increasing the number of oMLD cycles. Meanwhile, a novel electromagnetic absorption surface is designed to enable ultra-wideband absorption, covering almost the entire K and Ka bands. More importantly, an ingenious self-powered device is constructed using the eco-mimetic nanoarchitecture, which can convert electromagnetic radiation into electric energy for recycling. This work offers a new insight into electromagnetic protection and waste energy recycling, presenting a broad application prospect in radar stealth, information communication, aerospace engineering, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Cheng Shu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Lan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Qin
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 Taoyuan South Rd, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Mao-Sheng Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Guo Y, Ruan K, Wang G, Gu J. Advances and mechanisms in polymer composites toward thermal conduction and electromagnetic wave absorption. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023:S2095-9273(23)00290-6. [PMID: 37179235 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Polymer composites have essential applications in electronics due to their versatility, stable performance, and processability. However, with the increasing miniaturization and high power of electronics in the 5G era, there are significant challenges related to heat accumulation and electromagnetic wave (EMW) radiation in narrow spaces. Traditional solutions involve using either thermally conductive or EMW absorbing polymer composites, but these fail to meet the demand for multi-functional integrated materials in electronics. Therefore, designing thermal conduction and EMW absorption integrated polymer composites has become essential to solve the problems of heat accumulation and electromagnetic pollution in electronics and adapt to its development trend. Researchers have developed different approaches to fabricate thermal conduction and EMW absorption integrated polymer composites, including integrating functional fillers with both thermal conduction and EMW absorption functions and innovating processing methods. This review summarizes the latest research progress, factors that affect performance, and the mechanisms of thermal conduction and EMW absorption integrated polymer composites. The review also discusses problems that limit the development of these composites and potential solutions and development directions. The aim of this review is to provide references for the development of thermal conduction and EMW absorption integrated polymer composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Guo
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kunpeng Ruan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Guangsheng Wang
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Junwei Gu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
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Wang J, Wu Z, Xing Y, Li B, Huang P, Liu L. Multi-Scale Design of Ultra-Broadband Microwave Metamaterial Absorber Based on Hollow Carbon/MXene/Mo 2 C Microtube. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207051. [PMID: 36642797 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Developing various nanocomposite microwave absorbers is a crucial means to address the issue of electromagnetic pollution, but remains a challenge in satisfying broadband absorption at low thickness with dielectric loss materials. Herein, an ultra-broadband microwave metamaterial absorber (MMA) based on hollow carbon/MXene/Mo2 C (HCMM) is fabricated by a multi-scale design strategy. The microscopic 1D hierarchical microtube structure of HCMM contributes to break through the limit of thickness, exhibiting a strong reflection loss of -66.30 dB (99.99997 wave absorption) at the thinnest matching thickness of 1.0 mm. Meanwhile, the strongest reflection loss of -87.28 dB is reached at 1.4 mm, superior to most MXene-based and Mo2 C-based microwave absorbers. Then, the macroscopic 3D structural metasurface based on the HCMM is simulated, optimized, and finally manufactured. The as-prepared flexible HCMM-based MMA realizes an ultra-broadband effective absorption in the range of 3.7-40.0 GHz at a thickness of 5.0 mm, revealing its potential for practical application in the electromagnetic compatibility field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Ze Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Youqiang Xing
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Bingjue Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Peng Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Lei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
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