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Oppenheim J, Sparaciari C, Šoda B, Weller-Davies Z. Gravitationally induced decoherence vs space-time diffusion: testing the quantum nature of gravity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7910. [PMID: 38049417 PMCID: PMC10696068 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43348-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We consider two interacting systems when one is treated classically while the other system remains quantum. Consistent dynamics of this coupling has been shown to exist, and explored in the context of treating space-time classically. Here, we prove that any such hybrid dynamics necessarily results in decoherence of the quantum system, and a breakdown in predictability in the classical phase space. We further prove that a trade-off between the rate of this decoherence and the degree of diffusion induced in the classical system is a general feature of all classical quantum dynamics; long coherence times require strong diffusion in phase-space relative to the strength of the coupling. Applying the trade-off relation to gravity, we find a relationship between the strength of gravitationally-induced decoherence versus diffusion of the metric and its conjugate momenta. This provides an experimental signature of theories in which gravity is fundamentally classical. Bounds on decoherence rates arising from current interferometry experiments, combined with precision measurements of mass, place significant restrictions on theories where Einstein's classical theory of gravity interacts with quantum matter. We find that part of the parameter space of such theories are already squeezed out, and provide figures of merit which can be used in future mass measurements and interference experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Oppenheim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Carlo Sparaciari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Barbara Šoda
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Zachary Weller-Davies
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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2
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Jakobsen GU, Mogull G, Plefka J, Sauer B, Xu Y. Conservative Scattering of Spinning Black Holes at Fourth Post-Minkowskian Order. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:151401. [PMID: 37897767 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.151401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Using the N=1 supersymmetric, spinning worldline quantum field theory formalism, we compute the conservative spin-orbit part of the momentum impulse Δp_{i}^{μ}, spin kick ΔS_{i}^{μ}, and scattering angle θ from the scattering of two spinning massive bodies (black holes or neutron stars) up to fourth post-Minkowskian (PM) order. These three-loop results extend the state of the art for generically spinning binaries from 3PM to 4PM. They are obtained by employing recursion relations for the integrand construction and advanced multiloop Feynman integral technology in the causal (in-in) worldline quantum field theory framework to directly produce classical observables. We focus on the conservative contribution (including tail effects) and outline the computations for the dissipative contributions as well. Our spin-orbit results agree with next-to-next-to-next-to-leading-order post-Newtonian and test-body data in the respective limits. We also reconfirm the conservative 4PM nonspinning results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav Uhre Jakobsen
- Institut für Physik und IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Zum Großen Windkanal 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Gustav Mogull
- Institut für Physik und IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Zum Großen Windkanal 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jan Plefka
- Institut für Physik und IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Zum Großen Windkanal 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Sauer
- Institut für Physik und IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Zum Großen Windkanal 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yingxuan Xu
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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3
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Dlapa C, Kälin G, Liu Z, Neef J, Porto RA. Radiation Reaction and Gravitational Waves at Fourth Post-Minkowskian Order. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:101401. [PMID: 36962024 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.101401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We obtain the total impulse in the scattering of nonspinning binaries in general relativity at fourth post-Minkowskian order, i.e., O(G^{4}), including linear, nonlinear, and hereditary radiation-reaction effects. We derive the total radiated spacetime momentum as well as the associated energy flux. The latter can be used to compute gravitational-wave observables for generic (un)bound orbits. We employ the ("in-in") Schwinger-Keldysh worldline effective field theory framework in combination with modern "multiloop" integration techniques from collider physics. The complete results are in agreement with various partial calculations in the post-Minkowskian and post-Newtonian expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Dlapa
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gregor Kälin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zhengwen Liu
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Niels Bohr International Academy, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Neef
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8, Ireland
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Zum Grossen Windkanal 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rafael A Porto
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
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4
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Battista E, De Falco V, Usseglio D. First post-Newtonian N-body problem in Einstein-Cartan theory with the Weyssenhoff fluid: Lagrangian and first integrals. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2023; 83:112. [PMID: 36776578 PMCID: PMC9910320 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11249-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The rotational dynamics of an N-body system at the first post-Newtonian order in Einstein-Cartan theory is derived. This result is achieved by performing the point-particle limit of the equations of motion of the Weyssenhoff fluid, which models the quantum spin effects residing inside the bodies. For the special case of binary systems, we determine the Lagrangian function and the resulting first integrals underlying the translational dynamics and the spin precession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuele Battista
- Department of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vittorio De Falco
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale, Largo San Marcellino 10, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia Edificio 6, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Usseglio
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale, Largo San Marcellino 10, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia Edificio 6, 80126 Naples, Italy
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Dlapa C, Kälin G, Liu Z, Porto RA. Conservative Dynamics of Binary Systems at Fourth Post-Minkowskian Order in the Large-Eccentricity Expansion. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:161104. [PMID: 35522512 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.161104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We compute the conservative dynamics of nonspinning binaries at fourth post-Minkowskian order in the large-eccentricity limit, including both potential and radiation-reaction tail effects. This is achieved by obtaining the scattering angle in the worldline effective field theory approach and deriving the bound radial action via analytic continuation. The associated integrals are bootstrapped to all orders in velocities through differential equations, with boundary conditions in the potential and radiation regions. The large angular momentum expansion captures all the local-in-time effects as well as the trademark logarithmic corrections for generic bound orbits. Agreement is found in the overlap with the state of the art in post-Newtonian theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Dlapa
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gregor Kälin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zhengwen Liu
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rafael A Porto
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
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7
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Khera N, Ashtekar A, Krishnan B. Testing gravitational waveform models using angular momentum. Int J Clin Exp Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.104.124071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Te Vrugt M, Hossenfelder S, Wittkowski R. Mori-Zwanzig Formalism for General Relativity: A New Approach to the Averaging Problem. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:231101. [PMID: 34936793 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.231101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cosmology relies on a coarse-grained description of the universe, assumed to be valid on large length scales. However, the nonlinearity of general relativity makes coarse graining extremely difficult. We here address this problem by extending the Mori-Zwanzig projection operator formalism, a highly successful coarse-graining method from statistical mechanics, towards general relativity. Using the Buchert equations, we derive a new dynamic equation for the Hubble parameter which captures the effects of averaging through a memory function. This gives an empirical prediction for the cosmic jerk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Te Vrugt
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sabine Hossenfelder
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Raphael Wittkowski
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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9
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Jakobsen GU, Mogull G, Plefka J, Steinhoff J. Classical Gravitational Bremsstrahlung from a Worldline Quantum Field Theory. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:201103. [PMID: 34110205 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.201103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Using the recently established formalism of a worldline quantum field theory description of the classical scattering of two spinless black holes, we compute the far-field time-domain waveform of the gravitational waves produced in the encounter at leading order in the post-Minkowskian (weak field but generic velocity) expansion. We reproduce the previous results of Kovacs and Thorne in a highly economic way. Then, using the waveform, we extract the leading-order total radiated angular momentum and energy (including differential results). Our work may enable crucial improvements of gravitational-wave predictions in the regime of large relative velocities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav Uhre Jakobsen
- Institut für Physik und IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Zum Großen Windkanal 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Gustav Mogull
- Institut für Physik und IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Zum Großen Windkanal 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jan Plefka
- Institut für Physik und IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Zum Großen Windkanal 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Steinhoff
- Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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10
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Kälin G, Liu Z, Porto RA. Conservative Dynamics of Binary Systems to Third Post-Minkowskian Order from the Effective Field Theory Approach. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:261103. [PMID: 33449763 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.261103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We derive the conservative dynamics of nonspinning binaries to third post-Minkowskian order, using the effective field theory (EFT) approach introduced in [G. Kälin and R. A. Porto, J. High Energy Phys. 11 (2020) 106JHEPFG1029-847910.1007/JHEP11(2020)106] together with the boundary-to-bound dictionary developed in [G. Kälin and R. A. Porto, J. High Energy Phys. 01 (2020) 072JHEPFG1029-847910.1007/JHEP01(2020)072; J. High Energy Phys. 02 (2020) 120.JHEPFG1029-847910.1007/JHEP02(2020)120]. The main ingredient is the scattering angle, which we compute to O(G^{3}) via Feynman diagrams. Adapting to the EFT framework powerful tools from the amplitudes program, we show how the associated (master) integrals are bootstrapped to all orders in velocities via differential equations. Remarkably, the boundary conditions can be reduced to the same integrals that appear in the EFT with post-Newtonian sources. For the sake of comparison, we reconstruct the Hamiltonian and the classical limit of the scattering amplitude. Our results are in perfect agreement with those in Bern et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 201603 (2019)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.122.201603; J. High Energy Phys. 10 (2019) 206JHEPFG1029-847910.1007/JHEP10(2019)206].
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Kälin
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - Zhengwen Liu
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rafael A Porto
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
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Tessmer M. Absence of a perfect intermediate reference wavefront for anamorphic systems. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2020; 37:1423-1427. [PMID: 32902430 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.399281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An exact reference wavefront for a single paraxial surface that provides two perpendicular remote image lines instead of a single focal point has not been provided in the recent literature. A naïve estimate would state that it may have a toric form. We provide a proof for the nonexistence of an exact toric reference wavefront for intermediate spaces in cross-cylindic symmetrical optical systems where the two principal images do not coincide. As it will be shown, such a shape exists only at the second order in the coordinates x and y in departure from a plane.
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12
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Levi M. Effective field theories of post-Newtonian gravity: a comprehensive review. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2020; 83:075901. [PMID: 30901763 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ab12bc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This review article presents the progress made over the last decade, since the introduction of effective field theories (EFTs) into post-Newtonian (PN) gravity. These have been put forward in the context of gravitational waves (GWs) from the compact binary inspiral. The mature development of this interdisciplinary field has resulted in significant advances of wide interest to physics at several levels serving various purposes. The field has firmly demonstrated, that seemingly disparate physical domains, such as quantum field theory and classical gravity, are related, and that the EFT framework is a universal one, where it has been proven to supply a robust methodology to boost progress in the development of PN theory. In this review emphasis was put on an accessible pedagogic presentation of the field theoretic aspects of the subject, with the view, that these are in fact common across the whole of theoretical physics, rather than in their original narrow quantum context. The review is aimed at a broad audience, from general readers new to the field, to specialists and experts in related subjects. The review begins with an overview of the introduction of EFTs into classical gravity and their development. Then, the basic ideas, which form the conceptual foundation of EFTs, are provided, and the strategy of a multi-stage EFT framework, which is utilized for the PN binary inspiral problem, is outlined. The main body of the review is then dedicated to presenting in detail the study of each of the effective theories at each of the intermediate scales in the problem, up to the actual GW observables. First, the EFT for a single compact object is considered, from which one proceeds to the EFT of a compact binary system, viewed as a composite particle with internal binding interactions. Finally, one arrives at the effective theory of the time-dependent multipole moments of the radiating system. The review is concluded with the multiple prospects of building on the progress in the field, and using further modern field theory insights and tools, to specifically address the study of GWs, as well as to broadly expand our fundamental understanding of gauge and gravity theories across the classical and quantum regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Levi
- Institut de Physique Théorique, CEA & CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France. Niels Bohr International Academy, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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13
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Abstract
We discuss field theories appearing as a result of applying field transformations with derivatives (differential field transformations, DFTs) to a known theory. We begin with some simple examples of DFTs to see the basic properties of the procedure. In this process, the dynamics of the theory might either change or be conserved. After that, we concentrate on the theories of gravity which appear as a result of various DFTs applied to general relativity, namely the mimetic gravity and Regge–Teitelboim embedding theory. We review the main results related to the extension of dynamics in these theories, as well as the possibility to write down the action of a theory after DFTs as the action of the original theory before DFTs plus an additional term. Such a term usually contains some constraints with Lagrange multipliers and can be interpreted as an action of additional matter, which might be of use in cosmological applications, e.g., for the explanation of the effects of dark matter.
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Bini D, Damour T, Geralico A. Novel Approach to Binary Dynamics: Application to the Fifth Post-Newtonian Level. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:231104. [PMID: 31868489 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.231104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a new methodology for deriving the conservative dynamics of gravitationally interacting binary systems. Our approach combines, in a novel way, several theoretical formalisms: post-Newtonian, post-Minkowskian, multipolar-post-Minkowskian, gravitational self-force, and effective one body. We apply our method to the derivation of the fifth post-Newtonian dynamics. By restricting our results to the third post-Minkowskian level, we give the first independent confirmation of the recent result of Bern et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 201603 (2019)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.122.201603]. We also offer checks for future fourth post-Minkowskian calculations. Our technique can, in principle, be extended to higher orders of perturbation theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Bini
- Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo "M. Picone," CNR, I-00185 Rome, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tre, I-00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Thibault Damour
- Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques, 91440 Bures-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Andrea Geralico
- Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo "M. Picone," CNR, I-00185 Rome, Italy
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15
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Bini D, Geralico A. New gravitational self-force analytical results for eccentric equatorial orbits around a Kerr black hole: Redshift invariant. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.104002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Abstract
The long-awaited detection of a gravitational wave from the merger of a binary neutron star in August 2017 (GW170817) marks the beginning of the new field of multi-messenger gravitational wave astronomy. By exploiting the extracted tidal deformations of the two neutron stars from the late inspiral phase of GW170817, it is now possible to constrain several global properties of the equation of state of neutron star matter. However, the most interesting part of the high density and temperature regime of the equation of state is solely imprinted in the post-merger gravitational wave emission from the remnant hypermassive/supramassive neutron star. This regime was not observed in GW170817, but will possibly be detected in forthcoming events within the current observing run of the LIGO/VIRGO collaboration. Numerous numerical-relativity simulations of merging neutron star binaries have been performed during the last decades, and the emitted gravitational wave profiles and the interior structure of the generated remnants have been analysed in detail. The consequences of a potential appearance of a hadron-quark phase transition in the interior region of the produced hypermassive neutron star and the evolution of its underlying matter in the phase diagram of quantum cromo dynamics will be in the focus of this article. It will be shown that the different density/temperature regions of the equation of state can be severely constrained by a measurement of the spectral properties of the emitted post-merger gravitational wave signal from a future binary compact star merger event.
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Bern Z, Cheung C, Roiban R, Shen CH, Solon MP, Zeng M. Scattering Amplitudes and the Conservative Hamiltonian for Binary Systems at Third Post-Minkowskian Order. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:201603. [PMID: 31172785 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.201603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present the amplitude for classical scattering of gravitationally interacting massive scalars at third post-Minkowskian order. Our approach harnesses powerful tools from the modern amplitudes program such as generalized unitarity and the double-copy construction, which relates gravity integrands to simpler gauge-theory expressions. Adapting methods for integration and matching from effective field theory, we extract the conservative Hamiltonian for compact spinless binaries at third post-Minkowskian order. The resulting Hamiltonian is in complete agreement with corresponding terms in state-of-the-art expressions at fourth post-Newtonian order as well as the probe limit at all orders in velocity. We also derive the scattering angle at third post-Minkowskian order and find agreement with known results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zvi Bern
- Mani L. Bhaumik Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Clifford Cheung
- Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Radu Roiban
- Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Chia-Hsien Shen
- Mani L. Bhaumik Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Mikhail P Solon
- Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Mao Zeng
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Antonelli A, Buonanno A, Steinhoff J, van de Meent M, Vines J. Energetics of two-body Hamiltonians in post-Minkowskian gravity. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.99.104004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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Nagar A, Messina F, Rettegno P, Bini D, Damour T, Geralico A, Akcay S, Bernuzzi S. Nonlinear-in-spin effects in effective-one-body waveform models of spin-aligned, inspiralling, neutron star binaries. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.99.044007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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