Malignant mesenchymoma as a primary cardiac tumor

Primary left atrial malignant mesenchymoma: A rare case of cardiac malignancy

INTRODUCTION

Primary malignant cardiac mesenchymoma tumors are rarely described in the medical literature, with only a few published cases.

CASE PRESENTATION

We present a case of a primary malignant mesenchymoma in the left atrium extending to the left and right inferior pulmonary vein orifices, accompanied by mechanical obstruction of the mitral valve. The patient underwent surgical removal and radiotherapy.

DISCUSSION

Cardiac tumors are categorized as primary and secondary tumors. Primary cardiac tumors are extremely rare, with a low incidence rate of 0.001-0.28 %. Primary malignant tumors constitute less than 25 % of them. Malignant mesenchymoma is considered the rarest of them. These tumors proliferate and may cause metastases, making them highly malignant with a poor prognosis, especially if accompanied by metastases or invasion of nearby tissues.

CONCLUSION

The poor prognosis of cardiac mesenchymoma comes from the fact that it is aggressive and rapidly growing, which causes a rapid progression of mechanical symptoms and metastasis to nearby tissues, which makes it classified as a highly malignant tumor with a low survival rate. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment, in addition to follow-up with chemotherapy or radiotherapy according to the grade of the disease, which was the case with our patient and the same as reported in previous literature. However, further research and case reports are needed better to understand the optimal management of this aggressive tumor.

Primary malignant mixed mesenchymal tumour of the heart in a dog

A case of primary malignant mixed mesenchymal tumour of the heart in an 8-year-old golden retriever is described. The cardiac tumour, measuring 2.5 x 3 x 5 cm, was located in the posterior part of the atrial septum, extending into the surrounding region. Histologically, the tumour was composed of multiple mesenchymal elements of fibrosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, liposarcoma and chondrosarcoma. No previous reports of such a tumour occurring in the heart of the dog were found in the literature.

A case of retroperitoneal malignant mesenchymoma

A rare case is reported of malignant mesenchymoma of a retroperitoneal lesion involving the kidney and composed of leiomyosarcoma and liposarcoma. The tumor, measuring 13 x 12 x 11 cm and weighing 1910 g, arising from the soft tissue of the retroperitoneum or renal capsule, was completely removed surgically. Thirteen months after surgical operation, multiple metastasis was observed. Immunohistochemical and electron microscopical examination showed two different mesenchymal elements. Magnetic resonance imaging findings were compatible with the pathological findings. This case appears to be the second in the world literature.