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Link MS, Giugliano RP, Ruff CT, Scirica BM, Huikuri H, Oto A, Crompton AE, Murphy SA, Lanz H, Mercuri MF, Antman EM, Braunwald E. Stroke and Mortality Risk in Patients With Various Patterns of Atrial Fibrillation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2017; 10:CIRCEP.116.004267. [DOI: 10.1161/circep.116.004267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
Whether the pattern of atrial fibrillation (AF) modifies the risk/benefit of anticoagulation is controversial. In ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 trial (Effective Anticoagulation with Factor Xa Next Generation in Atrial Fibrillation–Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 48), the factor Xa inhibitor edoxaban was noninferior to warfarin in preventing stroke or systemic embolic events and significantly reduced bleeding and cardiovascular mortality. However, detailed analyses by AF pattern have not been reported.
Methods and Results—
The 21 105 patients were categorized as having paroxysmal (<7 days duration), persistent (≥7 days but <1 year), or permanent (≥1 year or failed cardioversion) AF patterns at randomization. Efficacy and safety outcomes were evaluated during the 2.8 years median follow-up and compared by AF pattern. The primary end point of stroke/systemic embolic event was lower in those patients with paroxysmal AF (1.49%/year), compared with persistent (1.83%/year;
P
-adj =0.015) and permanent AF (1.95%/year;
P
-adj =0.004). Overall, all-cause mortality also was lower with paroxysmal (3.0%/year) compared with persistent (4.4%/year;
P
-adj <0.001) and permanent AF (4.4%/year;
P
-adj <0.001). Annualized major bleeding rates were similar across AF patterns (2.86% versus 2.65% versus 2.73%). There was no effect modification by treatment assignment.
Conclusions—
In ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 trial, patients with paroxysmal AF suffered fewer thromboembolic events and deaths compared with those with persistent and permanent AF. The efficacy and safety profile of edoxaban as compared with warfarin was consistent across the 3 patterns of AF.
Clinical Trial Registration—
URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00781391.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S. Link
- From the Department of Medicine, UTSouthwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.S.L.); TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (R.P.G., C.T.R., B.M.S., A.E.C., S.A.M., E.M.A., E.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (H.H.); Oulu University Hospital, Finland (H.H.); Heart and Health Foundation of Turkey, Ankara (A.O.); Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Munich, Germany (H.L.); and Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Edison, NJ (M.F.M.)
| | - Robert P. Giugliano
- From the Department of Medicine, UTSouthwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.S.L.); TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (R.P.G., C.T.R., B.M.S., A.E.C., S.A.M., E.M.A., E.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (H.H.); Oulu University Hospital, Finland (H.H.); Heart and Health Foundation of Turkey, Ankara (A.O.); Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Munich, Germany (H.L.); and Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Edison, NJ (M.F.M.)
| | - Christian T. Ruff
- From the Department of Medicine, UTSouthwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.S.L.); TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (R.P.G., C.T.R., B.M.S., A.E.C., S.A.M., E.M.A., E.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (H.H.); Oulu University Hospital, Finland (H.H.); Heart and Health Foundation of Turkey, Ankara (A.O.); Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Munich, Germany (H.L.); and Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Edison, NJ (M.F.M.)
| | - Benjamin M. Scirica
- From the Department of Medicine, UTSouthwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.S.L.); TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (R.P.G., C.T.R., B.M.S., A.E.C., S.A.M., E.M.A., E.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (H.H.); Oulu University Hospital, Finland (H.H.); Heart and Health Foundation of Turkey, Ankara (A.O.); Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Munich, Germany (H.L.); and Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Edison, NJ (M.F.M.)
| | - Heikke Huikuri
- From the Department of Medicine, UTSouthwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.S.L.); TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (R.P.G., C.T.R., B.M.S., A.E.C., S.A.M., E.M.A., E.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (H.H.); Oulu University Hospital, Finland (H.H.); Heart and Health Foundation of Turkey, Ankara (A.O.); Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Munich, Germany (H.L.); and Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Edison, NJ (M.F.M.)
| | - Ali Oto
- From the Department of Medicine, UTSouthwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.S.L.); TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (R.P.G., C.T.R., B.M.S., A.E.C., S.A.M., E.M.A., E.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (H.H.); Oulu University Hospital, Finland (H.H.); Heart and Health Foundation of Turkey, Ankara (A.O.); Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Munich, Germany (H.L.); and Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Edison, NJ (M.F.M.)
| | - Andrea E. Crompton
- From the Department of Medicine, UTSouthwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.S.L.); TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (R.P.G., C.T.R., B.M.S., A.E.C., S.A.M., E.M.A., E.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (H.H.); Oulu University Hospital, Finland (H.H.); Heart and Health Foundation of Turkey, Ankara (A.O.); Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Munich, Germany (H.L.); and Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Edison, NJ (M.F.M.)
| | - Sabina A. Murphy
- From the Department of Medicine, UTSouthwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.S.L.); TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (R.P.G., C.T.R., B.M.S., A.E.C., S.A.M., E.M.A., E.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (H.H.); Oulu University Hospital, Finland (H.H.); Heart and Health Foundation of Turkey, Ankara (A.O.); Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Munich, Germany (H.L.); and Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Edison, NJ (M.F.M.)
| | - Hans Lanz
- From the Department of Medicine, UTSouthwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.S.L.); TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (R.P.G., C.T.R., B.M.S., A.E.C., S.A.M., E.M.A., E.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (H.H.); Oulu University Hospital, Finland (H.H.); Heart and Health Foundation of Turkey, Ankara (A.O.); Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Munich, Germany (H.L.); and Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Edison, NJ (M.F.M.)
| | - Michele F. Mercuri
- From the Department of Medicine, UTSouthwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.S.L.); TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (R.P.G., C.T.R., B.M.S., A.E.C., S.A.M., E.M.A., E.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (H.H.); Oulu University Hospital, Finland (H.H.); Heart and Health Foundation of Turkey, Ankara (A.O.); Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Munich, Germany (H.L.); and Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Edison, NJ (M.F.M.)
| | - Elliott M. Antman
- From the Department of Medicine, UTSouthwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.S.L.); TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (R.P.G., C.T.R., B.M.S., A.E.C., S.A.M., E.M.A., E.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (H.H.); Oulu University Hospital, Finland (H.H.); Heart and Health Foundation of Turkey, Ankara (A.O.); Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Munich, Germany (H.L.); and Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Edison, NJ (M.F.M.)
| | - Eugene Braunwald
- From the Department of Medicine, UTSouthwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.S.L.); TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (R.P.G., C.T.R., B.M.S., A.E.C., S.A.M., E.M.A., E.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland (H.H.); Oulu University Hospital, Finland (H.H.); Heart and Health Foundation of Turkey, Ankara (A.O.); Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Munich, Germany (H.L.); and Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma Development, Edison, NJ (M.F.M.)
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Alhadramy O, Jeerakathil TJ, Majumdar SR, Najjar E, Choy J, Saqqur M. Prevalence and Predictors of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation on Holter Monitor in Patients With Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack. Stroke 2010; 41:2596-600. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.109.570382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Osama Alhadramy
- From Divisions of Cardiology (O.A., E.N., J.C.), and Neurology (T.J.J., M.S.), and Department of Medicine (S.R.M.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Thomas J. Jeerakathil
- From Divisions of Cardiology (O.A., E.N., J.C.), and Neurology (T.J.J., M.S.), and Department of Medicine (S.R.M.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sumit R. Majumdar
- From Divisions of Cardiology (O.A., E.N., J.C.), and Neurology (T.J.J., M.S.), and Department of Medicine (S.R.M.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Emad Najjar
- From Divisions of Cardiology (O.A., E.N., J.C.), and Neurology (T.J.J., M.S.), and Department of Medicine (S.R.M.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jonathan Choy
- From Divisions of Cardiology (O.A., E.N., J.C.), and Neurology (T.J.J., M.S.), and Department of Medicine (S.R.M.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maher Saqqur
- From Divisions of Cardiology (O.A., E.N., J.C.), and Neurology (T.J.J., M.S.), and Department of Medicine (S.R.M.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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