1
|
De Lorenzi Pezzolo A, Valotto G, Quaranta A. Carbonate and Silicate Abundance Indexing in Coarse-Grained River Sediments Using Diffuse Reflection Infrared Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and Ion-Beam-Induced Luminescence (IBIL) Spectroscopies. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 71:1222-1230. [PMID: 27756863 DOI: 10.1177/0003702816671962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two different types of spectroscopic methods, namely diffuse reflection infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) as a vibrational spectroscopy and ion-beam-induced luminescence (IBIL) as an optical spectroscopy, have been exploited for the analysis of three sand samples collected from the Adige, Bacchiglione, and Brenta rivers (Veneto, Northern Italy) with the aim to set up a procedure for the comparison of the relative abundance of silicates, carbonates, and feldspars. By fitting the spectra, the features corresponding to different geological compounds have been identified and descriptive indexes of their relative amount have been obtained by comparing the peak area ratios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabrio Valotto
- 2 Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari Venezia, Mestre (Venezia), Italy
| | - Alberto Quaranta
- 3 Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bishop JL, Englert PAJ, Patel S, Tirsch D, Roy AJ, Koeberl C, Böttger U, Hanke F, Jaumann R. Mineralogical analyses of surface sediments in the Antarctic Dry Valleys: coordinated analyses of Raman spectra, reflectance spectra and elemental abundances. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2014; 372:rsta.2014.0198. [PMID: 25368345 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2014.0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Surface sediments at Lakes Fryxell, Vanda and Brownworth in the Antarctic Dry Valleys (ADV) were investigated as analogues for the cold, dry environment on Mars. Sediments were sampled from regions surrounding the lakes and from the ice cover on top of the lakes. The ADV sediments were studied using Raman spectra of individual grains and reflectance spectra of bulk particulate samples and compared with previous analyses of subsurface and lakebottom sediments. Elemental abundances were coordinated with the spectral data in order to assess trends in sediment alteration. The surface sediments in this study were compared with lakebottom sediments (Bishop JL et al. 2003 Int. J. Astrobiol. 2, 273-287 (doi:10.1017/S1473550403001654)) and samples from soil pits (Englert P et al. 2013 In European Planetary Science Congress, abstract no. 96; Englert P et al. 2014 In 45th Lunar and Planetary Science Conf., abstract no. 1707). Feldspar, quartz and pyroxene are common minerals found in all the sediments. Minor abundances of carbonate, chlorite, actinolite and allophane are also found in the surface sediments, and are similar to minerals found in greater abundance in the lakebottom sediments. Surface sediment formation is dominated by physical processes; a few centimetres below the surface chemical alteration sets in, whereas lakebottom sediments experience biomineralization. Characterizing the mineralogical variations in these samples provides insights into the alteration processes occurring in the ADV and supports understanding alteration in the cold and dry environment on Mars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janice L Bishop
- Carl Sagan Center, SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Avenue, Mountain View, CA, USA NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
| | - Peter A J Englert
- Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii at Mânoa, HI, USA
| | - Shital Patel
- Carl Sagan Center, SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Avenue, Mountain View, CA, USA Department of Chemistry, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA
| | | | - Alex J Roy
- Department of Land and Natural Resources, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Christian Koeberl
- Department of Lithospheric Research, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria Natural History Museum, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ute Böttger
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Hanke
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Berlin, Germany Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sutter B, Dalton JB, Ewing SA, Amundson R, McKay CP. Terrestrial analogs for interpretation of infrared spectra from the Martian surface and subsurface: Sulfate, nitrate, carbonate, and phyllosilicate-bearing Atacama Desert soils. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jg000313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Sutter
- SETI Institute; NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
| | - J. B. Dalton
- SETI Institute; NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
| | - S. A. Ewing
- Division of Ecosystem Sciences; University of California; Berkeley California USA
| | - R. Amundson
- Division of Ecosystem Sciences; University of California; Berkeley California USA
| | - C. P. McKay
- NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tremblay L, Gagné JP. Fast quantification of humic substances and organic matter by direct analysis of sediments using DRIFT spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2002; 74:2985-93. [PMID: 12141656 DOI: 10.1021/ac011043g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A simple method based on diffuse reflectance coupled with infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) has been developed for the quantification and the characterization of sedimentary (or soil, peat, etc.) humic substances. Under optimized conditions, the quantification of humic substances or total organic matter is possible with DRIFTS at a frequency of 2930 cm(-1) using whole dry sediment samples. A study of the operational parameters that affect the DRIFTS signal shows the importance of normalizing analysis conditions, especially the diffuse reflectance accessory alignment, the particle size and compaction, and the homogeneity of the powdered samples, to obtain reproducible quantitative analyses. The quantification of total humic substances by DRIFTS correlates well with the concentrations determined using classical extraction methods. DRIFTS analysis requires only a few minutes instead of tedious extractions of humic substances. Moreover, the distribution of total organic matter and of fulvic acids, humic acids, and humin can also be obtained. Analysis of natural samples indicates that a calibration using humic material representative of the studied area provides the most accurate quantification. The fast screening of organic matter fractions by DRIFTS on intact natural samples provides useful quantitative and qualitative information that can be used in environmental or monitoring studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luc Tremblay
- Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|