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Chaidee A, Onsurathum S, Intuyod K, Haonon O, Pannangpetch P, Pongchaiyakul C, Pinlaor P, Pairojkul C, Welbat JU, Ittiprasert W, Cochran CJ, Mann VH, Brindley PJ, Pinlaor S. Opisthorchis viverrini Infection Augments the Severity of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in High-Fat/High-Fructose Diet-Fed Hamsters. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 101:1161-1169. [PMID: 31482785 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing worldwide, including in regions where helminth infections such as the fish-borne liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini (Ov) also occur. We investigated the effects of a high-fat and high-fructose (HFF) diet on the development and progression of NAFLD in experimental opisthorchiasis. Two groups of hamsters were infected with Ov for 4 months before the experiment to induce chronic inflammation. One of these groups (OvHFF) was fed with a HFF diet for up to further 4 months. One uninfected group of hamsters served as the normal control group, and another received the HFF diet (HFF group) for up to 4 months. Histopathology, biochemical parameters, and ultrastructural features of liver were investigated. In a short-term treatment, the OvHFF group showed significantly better homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance level and lower liver lipid than did the HFF group. By contrast, histopathological characteristics of severe NAFLD were prominent in the OvHFF group after 4 months on the HFF diet, findings which were supported by confirmatory ultrastructural changes. In conclusion, opisthorchiasis induced the severe NAFLD in hamsters fed high-fat/high-fructose diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apisit Chaidee
- Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention in The Northeast of Thailand (CKDNET) Working Group, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sudarat Onsurathum
- Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention in The Northeast of Thailand (CKDNET) Working Group, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kitti Intuyod
- Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention in The Northeast of Thailand (CKDNET) Working Group, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Ornuma Haonon
- Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention in The Northeast of Thailand (CKDNET) Working Group, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | | | - Porntip Pinlaor
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention in The Northeast of Thailand (CKDNET) Working Group, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chawalit Pairojkul
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jariya Umka Welbat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Wannaporn Ittiprasert
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Christina J Cochran
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Victoria H Mann
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Paul J Brindley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Somchai Pinlaor
- Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention in The Northeast of Thailand (CKDNET) Working Group, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Pershina AG, Ivanov VV, Efimova LV, Shevelev OB, Vtorushin SV, Perevozchikova TV, Sazonov AE, Ogorodova LM. Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy for differential assessment of liver abnormalities induced by Opisthorchis felineus in an animal model. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005778. [PMID: 28708894 PMCID: PMC5529022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND European liver fluke Opisthorchis felineus, causing opisthorchiasis disease, is widespread in Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and sporadically detected in the EU countries. O. felineus infection leads to hepatobiliary pathological changes, cholangitis, fibrosis and, in severe cases, malignant transformation of bile ducts. Due to absence of specific symptoms, the infection is frequently neglected for a long period. The association of opisthorchiasis with almost incurable bile duct cancer and rising international migration of people that increases the risk of the parasitic etiology of liver fibrosis in non-endemic regions determine high demand for development of approaches to opisthorchiasis detection. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In vivo magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy (MRI and MRS) were applied for differential assessment of hepatic abnormalities induced by O. felineus in an experimental animal model. Correlations of the MR-findings with the histological data as well as the data of the biochemical analysis of liver tissue were found. MRI provides valuable information about the severity of liver impairments induced by opisthorchiasis. An MR image of O. felineus infected liver has a characteristic pattern that differs from that of closely related liver fluke infections. 1H and 31P MRS in combination with biochemical analysis data showed that O. felineus infection disturbed hepatic metabolism of the host, which was accompanied by cholesterol accumulation in the liver. CONCLUSIONS A non-invasive approach based on the magnetic resonance technique is very advantageous and may be successfully used not only for diagnosing and evaluating liver damage induced by O. felineus, but also for investigating metabolic changes arising in the infected organ. Since damages induced by the liver fluke take place in different liver lobes, MRI has the potential to overcome liver biopsy sampling variability that limits predictive validity of biopsy analysis for staging liver fluke-induced fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra G. Pershina
- Central Research Laboratory, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Biotechnology and Organic Chemistry, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
- * E-mail:
| | - Vladimir V. Ivanov
- Central Research Laboratory, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Lina V. Efimova
- Central Research Laboratory, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Oleg B. Shevelev
- Center for Genetic Resources of Laboratory Animals, Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Vtorushin
- Central Research Laboratory, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | | | - Alexey E. Sazonov
- Central Research Laboratory, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
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Gurven MD, Trumble BC, Stieglitz J, Blackwell AD, Michalik DE, Finch CE, Kaplan HS. Cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in evolutionary perspective: a critical role for helminths? Evol Med Public Health 2016; 2016:338-357. [PMID: 27666719 PMCID: PMC5101910 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eow028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart disease and type 2 diabetes are commonly believed to be rare among contemporary subsistence-level human populations, and by extension prehistoric populations. Although some caveats remain, evidence shows these diseases to be unusual among well-studied hunter-gatherers and other subsistence populations with minimal access to healthcare. Here we expand on a relatively new proposal for why these and other populations may not show major signs of these diseases. Chronic infections, especially helminths, may offer protection against heart disease and diabetes through direct and indirect pathways. As part of a strategy to insure their own survival and reproduction, helminths exert multiple cardio-protective effects on their host through their effects on immune function and blood lipid metabolism. Helminths consume blood lipids and glucose, alter lipid metabolism, and modulate immune function towards Th-2 polarization - which combined can lower blood cholesterol, reduce obesity, increase insulin sensitivity, decrease atheroma progression, and reduce likelihood of atherosclerotic plaque rupture. Traditional cardiometabolic risk factors, coupled with the mismatch between our evolved immune systems and modern, hygienic environments may interact in complex ways. In this review, we survey existing studies in the non-human animal and human literature, highlight unresolved questions and suggest future directions to explore the role of helminths in the etiology of cardio-metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Gurven
- Department of Anthropology, University of California-Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106
| | - Benjamin C Trumble
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change & Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Jonathan Stieglitz
- Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse, 21 allée de Brienne, 31015 Toulouse Cedex 6, France
| | - Aaron D Blackwell
- Department of Anthropology, University of California-Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106
| | - David E Michalik
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine; Depts of Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases
| | - Caleb E Finch
- Andrus Gerontology Center and Dept. Neurobiology USC College, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Hillard S Kaplan
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
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Laothong U, Pinlaor P, Boonsiri P, Hiraku Y, Khoontawad J, Hongsrichan N, Charoensuk L, Pinlaor S. α-Tocopherol and lipid profiles in plasma and the expression of α-tocopherol-related molecules in the liver of Opisthorchis viverrini-infected hamsters. Parasitol Int 2012. [PMID: 23178928 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Opisthorchis viverrini infection induces inflammation-mediated oxidative stress and liver injury, which may alter α-tocopherol and lipid metabolism. We investigated plasma α-tocopherol and lipid profiles in hamsters infected with O. viverrini. Levels of α-tocopherol, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein increased in the acute phase of infection. In the chronic phase, α-tocopherol decreased, while triglyceride and very low-density lipoprotein increased. Notably, high-density lipoprotein decreased both in the acute and chronic phases. In the liver, cholesteryl oleate, triolein, and oleic acid decreased in the acute phase, and increased in the chronic phase. Such chronological changes were negatively correlated with the plasma α-tocopherol level. The expression of α-tocopherol-related molecules, ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and α-tocopherol transfer protein, increased throughout the experiment. These results suggest that O. viverrini infection profoundly affects on lipid and α-tocopherol metabolism in due course of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umawadee Laothong
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Wu JF, Holmes E, Xue J, Xiao SH, Singer BH, Tang HR, Utzinger J, Wang YL. Metabolic alterations in the hamster co-infected with Schistosoma japonicum and Necator americanus. Int J Parasitol 2009; 40:695-703. [PMID: 19951707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2009.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2009] [Revised: 11/03/2009] [Accepted: 11/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Co-infection with hookworm and schistosomes is a common phenomenon in sub-Saharan Africa, as well as in parts of South America and southeast Asia. As a first step towards understanding the metabolic response of a hookworm-schistosome co-infection in humans, we investigated the metabolic consequences of co-infection in an animal model, using a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolic profiling technique, combined with multivariate statistical analysis. Urine and serum samples were obtained from hamsters experimentally infected with 250 Necator americanus infective L(3) and 100 Schistosoma japonicum cercariae simultaneously. In the co-infection model, similar worm burdens were observed as reported for single infection models, whereas metabolic profiles of co-infection represented a combination of the altered metabolite profiles induced by single infections with these two parasites. Consistent differences in metabolic profiles between the co-infected and non-infected control hamsters were observed from 4 weeks p.i. onwards. The predominant metabolic alterations in co-infected hamsters consisted of depletion of amino acids, tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates (e.g. citrate and succinate) and glucose. Moreover, alterations of a series of gut microbial-related metabolites, such as decreased levels of hippurate, 3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid, 4-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid and trimethylamine-N-oxide, and increased concentrations of 4-cresol glucuronide and phenylacetylglycine were associated with co-infection. Our results provide a first step towards understanding the metabolic response of an animal host to multiple parasitic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Fang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
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