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Aldaby ESE, Mahmoud AHA, El-Bery HM, Ali MM, Shoreit AA, Mawad AMM. Microalgal upgrading of the fermentative biohydrogen produced from Bacillus coagulans via non-pretreated plant biomass. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:190. [PMID: 37730554 PMCID: PMC10512583 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02193-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrogen is a promising source of alternative energy. Fermentative production is more feasible because of its high hydrogen generation rate, simple operating conditions, and utilization of various organic wastes as substrates. The most significant constraint for biohydrogen production is supplying it at a low cost with fewer impurities. RESULTS Leaf biomass of Calotropis procera was used as a feedstock for a dark fermentative production of hydrogen by Bacillus coagulans AH1 (MN923076). The optimum operation conditions for biohydrogen production were 5.0% substrate concentrationand pH 9.0, at 35 °C. In which the biohydrogen yield was 3.231 mmol H2/g dry biomass without any pretreatments of the biomass. A freshwater microalga Oscillatroia sp was used for upgrading of the produced biohydrogen. It sequestrated 97 and 99% % of CO2 from the gas mixture when it was cultivated in BG11 and BG11-N media, respectively After upgrading process, the residual microalgal cells exhibited 0.21mg/mL of biomass yield,high content of chlorophyll-a (4.8 µg/mL) and carotenoid (11.1 µg/mL). In addition to Oscillatroia sp residual biomass showed a lipid yield (7.5-8.7%) on the tested media. CONCLUSION Bacillus coagulans AH1 is a promising tool for biohydrogen production avoiding the drawbacks of biomass pretreatment. Oscillatroia sp is encouraged as a potent tool for upgrading and purification of biohydrogen. These findings led to the development of a multiproduct biorefinery with zero waste that is more economically sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman S E Aldaby
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Aya H A Mahmoud
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Haitham M El-Bery
- Green Hydrogen Production Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt.
| | - Maysa M Ali
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Shoreit
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M M Mawad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taibah University, 42317-8599, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
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Amini MH, Ashraf K, Salim F, Meng Lim S, Ramasamy K, Manshoor N, Sultan S, Ahmad W. Important insights from the antimicrobial activity of Calotropis procera. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Al Sulaibi MAM, Thiemann C, Thiemann T. Chemical Constituents and Uses of Calotropis Procera and Calotropis Gigantea – A Review (Part I – The Plants as Material and Energy Resources). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1874842202007010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The traditional and current use of Calotropis procera and C. gigantea, two soft-wooded, xerophytic shrubs of the family Apocynaceae, are reviewed against the background of the plants' chemical constituents and their biological properties. The focus is on the usage of the plants for building materials, natural pesticides, animal feed and bioremediative purposes.
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Ahmed OM, Fahim HI, Boules MW, Ahmed HY. Cardiac and testicular toxicity effects of the latex and ethanolic leaf extract of Calotropis procera on male albino rats in comparison to abamectin. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1644. [PMID: 27722062 PMCID: PMC5033794 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3326-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to assess the toxic effect of latex and ethanolic leaf extract of Calotropis procera (C. procera), in comparison to abamectin, on serum biomarkers of function and histological integrity of heart and testis in male albino rats. To achieve this aim, the albino rats were separately administered 1/20 and 1/10 of LD50 of C. procera latex, ethanolic C. procera leaf extract and abamectin respectively by oral gavage for 4 and 8 weeks. C. procera latex and leaf extract as well as abamectin markedly elevated the activities of serum CK-MB, AST and LDH at the two tested periods in a dose dependent manner. Lipid peroxidation was significantly increased while GSH level and GPx, GST and SOD activities were significantly depleted in heart and testis of all treated rats. All treatments also induced a marked increase in serum TNF-α and decrease in serum IL-4, testosterone, FSH and LH levels in a dose dependent manner. The latex seemed to be more effective in deteriorating the testicular function and sex hormones’ levels while the ethanolic leaf extract produced more deleterious effects on oxidative stress and antioxidant defense system in both heart and testis. The normal histological architecture and integrity of the heart and testis were perturbed after treatments and the severity of lesions, which include odema, inflammatory cell infiltration, necrosis and degeneration, is dose and time dependent. In conclusion, the findings of this study indicated that C. procera latex and ethanolic extract of leaves could induce marked toxicity in heart and testis and these toxic effects may be more or less similar to those of abamectin. The cardiotoxicity and testicular toxicity may be mediated via stimulation of inflammation, increased oxidative stress and suppression of antioxidant defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama M Ahmed
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Hanaa I Fahim
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Magdy W Boules
- Rodents Division, Harmful Animals Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Heba Y Ahmed
- Rodents Division, Harmful Animals Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
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Nenaah EG, Ahmed ME. Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts and Latex of Calotropis procera (Ait.) and Synergistic Effect with Reference Antimicrobials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/rjmp.2011.706.716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Clinical and pathological effects of Calotropis procera exposure in sheep and rats. Toxicon 2010; 57:183-5. [PMID: 21087619 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Revised: 10/20/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the toxic effects resulting from the administration of Calotropis procera (Aiton) W. T. Aiton latex to rats and C. procera leaves to sheep. We studied male sheep that received C. procera leaves by gavage. Twenty male rats were separated into 5 groups and were subjected to an intra-peritoneal injection of fresh C. procera latex (without carrier solvent) at 1.0, 0.6, 0.3 or 0.1 ml of latex/kg of body weight, and control animals were injected with 0.9% NaCl. All rats were treated with the highest dose, but none of the rats from the other groups, died. The histological lesions were restricted to rats dosed with 1.0 ml of latex/kg body weight and included multi-focal coagulation necrosis of cardiac fibers and vacuolized hepatocytes. Subsequently, three groups of two sheep were treated with (1) a single dose of 30 g/kg, (2) a single dose of 60 g/kg or (3) 60 g/kg per day for 10 consecutive days. Exposure to the C. procera leaves was responsible for tachycardia and transitory cardiac arrhythmias in sheep from all groups. Gross pathological analysis of sheep dosed with 60 g/kg per day for 10 days revealed mild ascites, exudates on the trachea, pulmonary edema, mild hemorrhage in the liver, hydropericardium, flaccid heart, ulcers on the abomasum and kidneys presenting pale juxtamedullary cortex. The histological findings of the rat and sheep studies were similar and included multi-focal coagulation necrosis of cardiac fibers and vacuolized hepatocytes. In conclusion, our findings indicate that C. procera is a cardiotoxic and hepatotoxic plant.
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Iqbal Z, Lateef M, Jabbar A, Muhammad G, Khan MN. Anthelmintic activity of Calotropis procera (Ait.) Ait. F. flowers in sheep. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2005; 102:256-61. [PMID: 16085379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2004] [Revised: 05/20/2005] [Accepted: 06/16/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The anthelmintic activity of Calotropis (C.) procera flowers in comparison with levamisole was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo studies. In vitro studies revealed anthelmintic effects (P<0.05) of crude aqueous (CAE) and crude methanolic extracts (CME) of Calotropis procera flowers on live Haemonchus (H.) contortus as evident from their mortality or temporary paralysis. For in vivo studies, Calotropis procera flowers were administered as crude powder (CP), CAE and CME to sheep naturally infected with mixed species of gastrointestinal nematodes. Egg count percent reduction (ECR) was recorded as 88.4 and 77.8% in sheep treated with CAE and CP at 3gkg(-1) body weight on day 7 and 10 post-treatment (PT), respectively. CME was least effective resulting in 20.9% reduction in ECR on day 7 PT. It was found that Calotropis procera flowers possess good anthelmintic activity against nematodes, yet it was lower than that exhibited by levamisole (97.8-100%). It is suggested that further research on large scale be carried out involving a large number of animals, doses higher than those used in the current study, identification of active principles, and standardization of dose and toxicity studies for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafar Iqbal
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
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Al-Fifi ZIA, Al-Robai A, Khoja SM. Properties of the V-type ATPase from the excretory system of the usherhopper, Poekilocerus bufonius. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2002; 32:1143-1150. [PMID: 12213249 DOI: 10.1016/s0965-1748(02)00050-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The bafilomycin A(1) and N-ethylmaleimide (NEM)-sensitive (V-type) ATPase was partially purified from the apical membrane-rich fractions of excretory system (Malpighian tubules and hind gut) of P. bufonius. Enzymatic activity was inhibited by bafilomycin A(1) (IC(50) = 1.3 nM) and NEM (IC(50) = 10.1 microM). The V-type ATPase activity is confined to the apical membrane fraction, while the activity of Na(+)/K(+) -ATPase forms the major part of the basal membrane fraction. The optimal pH required for maximal activity of V-type ATPase was pH 7.5. The effect of 30 mM of various salts on ATPase activity was investigated. NaCl and KCl caused increases of 175% and 184%, respectively. Other chloride salts also caused an increase in activity in the following ascending order: RbCl, LiCI, choline Cl, NaCI, KCl and tris-HCl. The activity of V-type ATPase was stimulated by a variety of different anions and cations, and HCO(3)(-) was found to be the most potent cationic activator of ATPase activity. The present results show that the properties of V-type ATPase of P. bufonius are similar to those reported for other insect tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z I A Al-Fifi
- King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Carruthers I, Griffiths D, Home V, Williams L. Hydrocarbons from Calotropis procera in northern Australia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0144-4565(84)90040-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mahmoud OM, Adam SE, Tartour G. The effects of Calotropis procera on small ruminants. II. Effects of administration of the latex to sheep and goats. J Comp Pathol 1979; 89:251-63. [PMID: 457944 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9975(79)90064-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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