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Tellería F, Mansilla S, Méndez D, Sepúlveda M, Araya-Maturana R, Castro L, Trostchansky A, Fuentes E. The Use of Triphenyl Phosphonium Cation Enhances the Mitochondrial Antiplatelet Effect of the Compound Magnolol. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:210. [PMID: 37259359 PMCID: PMC9958981 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Although platelets are anucleated cells, they have fully functional mitochondria, and currently, it is known that several processes that occur in the platelet require the action of mitochondria. There are plenty of mitochondrial-targeted compounds described in the literature related to cancer, however, only a small number of studies have approached their interaction with platelet mitochondria and/or their effects on platelet activity. Recent studies have shown that magnolia extract and mitochondria-targeted magnolol can inhibit mitochondrial respiration and cell proliferation in melanoma and oral cancer cells, respectively, and they can also induce ROS and mitophagy. In this study, the effect of triphenylphosphonium cation, linked by alkyl chains of different lengths, to the organic compound magnolol on human-washed platelets was evaluated. We demonstrated that the addition of triphenylphosphonium by a four-carbon linker to magnolol (MGN4) considerably enhanced the Magnolol antiplatelet effect by a 3-fold decrease in the IC50. Additionally, platelets exposed to MGN4 5 µM showed several differences from the control including increased basal respiration, collagen-induced respiration, ATP-independent respiration, and reduced ATP-dependent respiration and non-mitochondrial respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Tellería
- MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - Santiago Mansilla
- Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Diego Méndez
- MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - Magdalena Sepúlveda
- MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Laura Castro
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Andrés Trostchansky
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3480094, Chile
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2
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Abdel-Bakky MS, Amin E, Ewees MG, Mahmoud NI, Mohammed HA, Altowayan WM, Abdellatif AAH. Coagulation System Activation for Targeting of COVID-19: Insights into Anticoagulants, Vaccine-Loaded Nanoparticles, and Hypercoagulability in COVID-19 Vaccines. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020228. [PMID: 35215822 PMCID: PMC8876839 DOI: 10.3390/v14020228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), also known as COVID-19, is currently developing into a rapidly disseminating and an overwhelming worldwide pandemic. In severe COVID-19 cases, hypercoagulability and inflammation are two crucial complications responsible for poor prognosis and mortality. In addition, coagulation system activation and inflammation overlap and produce life-threatening complications, including coagulopathy and cytokine storm, which are associated with overproduction of cytokines and activation of the immune system; they might be a lead cause of organ damage. However, patients with severe COVID-19 who received anticoagulant therapy had lower mortality, especially with elevated D-dimer or fibrin degradation products (FDP). In this regard, the discovery of natural products with anticoagulant potential may help mitigate the numerous side effects of the available synthetic drugs. This review sheds light on blood coagulation and its impact on the complication associated with COVID-19. Furthermore, the sources of natural anticoagulants, the role of nanoparticle formulation in this outbreak, and the prevalence of thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) after COVID-19 vaccines are also reviewed. These combined data provide many research ideas related to the possibility of using these anticoagulant agents as a treatment to relieve acute symptoms of COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Abdel-Bakky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 52471, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Elham Amin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt;
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 52471, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed G. Ewees
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 11787, Egypt; (M.G.E.); (N.I.M.)
| | - Nesreen I. Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 11787, Egypt; (M.G.E.); (N.I.M.)
| | - Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 52471, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Waleed M. Altowayan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 52471, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed A. H. Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qasssim 52471, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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Yuan Y, Zhou X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Teng X, Wang S. Cardiovascular Modulating Effects of Magnolol and Honokiol, Two Polyphenolic Compounds from Traditional Chinese Medicine-Magnolia Officinalis. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 21:559-572. [PMID: 31749425 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666191024175727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Honokiol and its isomer magnolol are poly-phenolic compounds isolated from the Magnolia officinalis that exert cardiovascular modulating effects via a variety of mechanisms. They are used as blood-quickening and stasis-dispelling agents in Traditional Chinese Medicine and confirmed to have therapeutic potential in atherosclerosis, thrombosis, hypertension, and cardiac hypertrophy. This comprehensive review summarizes the current data regarding the cardioprotective mechanisms of those compounds and identifies areas for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaocui Zhou
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Yan Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Xiangyan Teng
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Shuaiyu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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4
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Chen C, Yang FQ, Zhang Q, Wang FQ, Hu YJ, Xia ZN. Natural Products for Antithrombosis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2015; 2015:876426. [PMID: 26075003 PMCID: PMC4449941 DOI: 10.1155/2015/876426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Thrombosis is considered to be closely related to several diseases such as atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease and stroke, as well as rheumatoid arthritis, hyperuricemia, and various inflammatory conditions. More and more studies have been focused on understanding the mechanism of molecular and cellular basis of thrombus formation as well as preventing thrombosis for the treatment of thrombotic diseases. In reality, there is considerable interest in the role of natural products and their bioactive components in the prevention and treatment of thrombosis related disorders. This paper briefly describes the mechanisms of thrombus formation on three aspects, including coagulation system, platelet activation, and aggregation, and change of blood flow conditions. Furthermore, the natural products for antithrombosis by anticoagulation, antiplatelet aggregation, and fibrinolysis were summarized, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Feng-Qing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Feng-Qin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yuan-Jia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Zhi-Ning Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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Ho JHC, Hong CY. Cardiovascular protection of magnolol: cell-type specificity and dose-related effects. J Biomed Sci 2012; 19:70. [PMID: 22849814 PMCID: PMC3418199 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-19-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnolia officinalis has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. Magnolol, an active component isolated from Magnolia officinalis, is known to be a cardiovascular protector since 1994. The multiplex mechanisms of magnolol on cardiovascular protection depends on cell types and dosages, and will be reviewed and discussed in this article. Magnolol under low and moderate dosage possesses the ability to protect heart from ischemic/reperfusion injury, reduces atherosclerotic change, protects endothelial cell against apoptosis and inhibits neutrophil-endothelial adhesion. The moderate to high concentration of magnolol mainly acts on smooth muscle cells and platelets. Magnolol induces apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells at moderate concentration and inhibits proliferation at moderate and high concentration. High concentration of magnolol also abrogates platelet activation, aggregation and thrombus formation. Magnolol also serves as an smooth muscle relaxant only upon the high concentration. Oral intake of magnolol to reach the therapeutic level for cardiovascular protection is applicable, thus makes magnolol an agent of great potential for preventing cardiovascular diseases in high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hui-Chun Ho
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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6
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Wang L, Yuan K, Yu WW, Wang J. Evaluation and Discrimination of Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis Produced in Zhejiang Province (Wen-Hou-Po) by UPLC-DAD-TOF-MS Fingerprint. Nat Prod Commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1000501024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem TOF mass spectrometric (UPLC-DAD-TOF-MS) fingerprinting method was developed for the quality control and source discrimination of Cortex magnoliae officinalis produced in Zhejiang Province (Wen-Hou-Po). Twelve samples of Wen-Hou-Po collected from two species in five areas in Zhejiang Province of China were used to establish the fingerprint. Data were evaluated statistically using similarity analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and discriminant analysis (DA) in order to establish a similarity standard of fingerprint for quality control of Wen-Hou-Po, then to classify the Wen-Hou-Po samples and to identify key categorizing parameters. The similarity indexes were all above 0.95 between the reference chromatogram and that of each sample. By comparing the UV and MS data with those of the authentic standards and literature, nine main peaks in the fingerprints were identified. The result of hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the samples from two species in five areas could be divided into two distinct groups (the same as the groups of the samples divided by their species) based on their compositional fingerprints. A rapid and convenient discriminant function was then established to discriminate the species of unknown Wen-Hou-Po, and the cross validation result was 100%. In this study, the methods established are reliable, and could be used to evaluate the quality and to identify the species of Wen-Hou-Po in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Research and Development Center of Natural Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, No.88 North Huancheng Road, Lin'an 311300, China
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Jinshui Road, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Ke Yuan
- Research and Development Center of Natural Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, No.88 North Huancheng Road, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Wei-Wu Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Modern Silvicultural Technology, No.88 North Huancheng Road, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Jinshui Road, Zhengzhou 450008, China
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7
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Neurotrophic activity of obovatol on the cultured embryonic rat neuronal cells by increase of neurotrophin release through activation of ERK pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 649:168-76. [PMID: 20868677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2010] [Revised: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we found that obovatol, a lignan compound isolated from Magnolia officinalis, has anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anxiolytic effects. Recent studies showed that honokiol, magnolol, and 4-O-methylhonokiol, lignin compounds isolated from the Magnolia family have neurotrophic activity. In this study, we examined whether or not obovatol also exhibits neurite-promoting effects on rat embryonic neuronal cells. Obovatol increased neurite outgrowth in a concentration-dependent manner. Consistent with the neurite outgrowth effect, the expression of neurite differentiation markers also increased in response to obovatol. We also found that obovatol increased levels of NGF and BDNF released into the culture medium. In addition, the combination of low concentrations of obovatol (1 and 2 μM) with NGF (50 ng/ml) or with BDNF (10 ng/ml) greatly enhanced neurite outgrowth. Subsequently, we found that obovatol increased phosphorylation of ERK. However, the neurite outgrowth, and NGF and BDNF release induced by obovatol were prevented by an ERK-specific inhibitor. These results suggest that obovatol promotes neurite outgrowth due to the increased release of neurotrophic factors via activation of the ERK pathway.
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8
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Xiang YZ, Kang LY, Gao XM, Shang HC, Zhang JH, Zhang BL. Strategies for antiplatelet targets and agents. Thromb Res 2008; 123:35-49. [PMID: 18571699 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2008.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2008] [Revised: 05/05/2008] [Accepted: 05/05/2008] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Platelets play a key role in thrombosis and haemostasis, which can be either beneficial or deleterious depending on the circumstance. Antiplatelet therapy is the 'cornerstone' in the prevention and treatment of thrombotic diseases. Platelet activation is a complex process known as transmembrane signaling which then serves to activate the platelet via a cascade of biochemical interactions. Currently available strategies of antiplatelet therapy are generally based on the signaling pathway of platelet activation, which possess the characters that mono-agent, mono-target, and mainly irreversible inhibition. Therefore, both established and novel antiplatelet agents have their own pros and cons and such problems as resistance, drug-drug interaction, discontinuation and monitoring, etc. have been appeared. Due to the problems existing in current antiplatelet agents, future new strategies for antiplatelet targets, agent-developing and treatment might probably include three aspects: targeting the factors associated with platelet hyperactivity, developing novel antiplatelet agents with multiple targets, mild and reversible properties from natural products, and keeping healthy lifestyle and emphasizing prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Zu Xiang
- Research Center of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anshanxi Road # 312, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
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9
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Chou CYC, Tsai TH, Lin MF, Chen CF. Simultaneous Determination of Honokiol and Magnolol in Magnolia Officinalis by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10826079608014014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Y. C. Chou
- a Department of Pharmacy , Veterans General Hospital-Taipei , Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
- b Institute of Pharmacology National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - T. H. Tsai
- c Department of Pharmacology , National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine , Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - M. F. Lin
- a Department of Pharmacy , Veterans General Hospital-Taipei , Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - C. F. Chen
- b Institute of Pharmacology National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
- c Department of Pharmacology , National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine , Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
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10
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Tsai TH, Chen CF, Cheng FC, Kuo KW, Tsai TR. Analysis and Pharmacokinetics of Apomorphine in Rat Brain by Microdialysis Coupled with Microbore HPLC Electrochemical Detection. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10826079708010665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. H. Tsai
- a National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Department of Pharmacology , Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
- b Institute of Traditional Medicine National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - C. F. Chen
- a National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Department of Pharmacology , Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - F. C. Cheng
- c Veterans General Hospital, Department of Medical Research Taichung , Taichung, 407, Taiwan
| | | | - T. R. Tsai
- e Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kaohsiung Medical College , Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
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11
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Tsai TH, Chou CJ, Tsai WJ, Chen CF. Magnolol Inhibits Arachidonic Acidinduced Rabbit Platelet Serotonin Release, Measure by Microbore HPLC with Electrochemical Detection. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10826079608001925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. H. Tsai
- a Department of Pharmacology , National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine Shih-Pai , Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
- b Institute of Traditional Medicine Shih-Pai , Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - C. J. Chou
- a Department of Pharmacology , National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine Shih-Pai , Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - W. J. Tsai
- a Department of Pharmacology , National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine Shih-Pai , Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - C. F. Chen
- a Department of Pharmacology , National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine Shih-Pai , Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
- c Department of Pharmacology , National Yang-Ming University Shih-Pai , Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
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12
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Yang SE, Hsieh MT, Tsai TH, Hsu SL. Effector mechanism of magnolol-induced apoptosis in human lung squamous carcinoma CH27 cells. Br J Pharmacol 2003; 138:193-201. [PMID: 12522090 PMCID: PMC1573650 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
1 Magnolol, an active component isolated from the root and stem bark of Magnolia officinalis, has been reported to exhibit antitumour effects, but little is known about its molecular mechanisms of action. 2 Magnolol inhibited proliferation of human lung squamous carcinoma CH27 cells at low concentrations (10-40 microM), and induced apoptosis at high concentrations (80-100 microM). 3 Treatment with 80 microM magnolol significantly increased the expression of Bad and Bcl-X(S) proteins, whereas it decreased the expression of Bcl-X(L). Overexpression of Bcl-2 protected CH27 cells against magnolol-triggered apoptosis. 4 Magnolol treatment resulted in accumulation of cytosolic cytochrome c and activation of caspase-9 and downstream caspases (caspase-3 and -6). Pretreatment with z-VAD-fmk markedly inhibited magnolol-induced cell death, but did not prevent cytosolic cytochrome c accumulation. 5 Magnolol induced a modest and persistent JNK activation and ERK inactivation in CH27 cells without evident changes in the protein levels. The responsiveness of JNK and ERK to magnolol suggests the involvement of these kinases in the initiation of the apoptosis process. 6 These results indicate that regulation of the Bcl-2 family, accumulation of cytosolic cytochrome c, and activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 may be the effector mechanisms of magnolol-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Er Yang
- Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Medical College Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsuen Hsieh
- Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Medical College Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Hu Tsai
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Lan Hsu
- Department of Education and Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Author for correspondence:
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13
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Chiu JH, Ho CT, Wei YH, Lui WY, Hong CY. In vitro and in vivo protective effect of honokiol on rat liver from peroxidative injury. Life Sci 1997; 61:1961-71. [PMID: 9364201 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(97)00836-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Honokiol, a compound extracted from the Chinese medicinal herb Magnolia officinalis, has a strong antioxidant effect on the inhibition of lipid peroxidation in rat heart mitochondria. To investigate the protective effect of honokiol on hepatocytes from peroxidative injury, oxygen consumption and malondialdehyde formation for in vitro iron-induced lipid peroxidation were assayed, and the mitochondrial respiratory function for in vivo ischemia-reperfusion injury were evaluated in rat liver, respectively. The inhibitory effect of honokiol on oxygen consumption and malondialdehyde formation during iron-induced lipid peroxidation in liver mitochondria showed obvious dose-dependent responses with a concentration of 50% inhibition being 2.3 x 10(-7) M and 4.96 x 10(-7) M, respectively, that is, 550 times and 680 times more potent than alpha-tocopherol, respectively. When rat livers were introduced with ischemia 60 min followed by reperfusion for 60 min, and then pretreated with honokiol (10 micrograms/kg BW), the mitochondrial respiratory control ratio (the quotient of the respiration rate of State 3 to that of State 4) and ADP/O ratio from the honokiol-treated livers were significantly higher than those of non-treated livers during reperfusion. The dose-dependent protective effect of honokiol on ischemia-reperfusion injury was 10 microgram-100 micrograms/Kg body weight. We conclude that honokiol is a strong antioxidant and shed insight into clinical implications for protection of hepatocytes from ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Chiu
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Tsai TR, Cham TM, Chen KC, Chen CF, Tsai TH. Determination of acetylcholine by on-line microdialysis coupled with pre- and post-microbore column enzyme reactors with electrochemical detection. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS 1996; 678:151-5. [PMID: 8738016 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(95)00505-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive procedure consisting of a pre- and post-microbore column reactor sequence of a LC-electrochemical detection system coupled with on-line microdialysis system is described in the present study to measure endogenous acetylcholine concentration in freely moving rats. The pre-column packed, with immobilized choline oxidase and catalase, was used to remove choline, whereas the post-column, packed with immobilized acetylcholine oxidase and choline oxidase, was used to measure acetylcholine selectively. The detection limit of acetylcholine oxidase and choline oxidase, was used to measure acetylcholine selectively. The detection limit of acetylcholine was found to be 5 fmol/microliter (50 fmol/10 microliters). The usefulness of the described methodology was evaluated by examining the change in the striatal acetylcholine concentration of freely moving rats after physostigmine (0.5 mg/kg, s.c.) administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical College, Taiwan
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