Von Recklinghausen's disease presenting as scrotal tumor

Giant Perineal Plexiform Neurofibroma in an 8-Year-Old African Male

The perineal presentation of plexiform neurofibroma is exceptional, with only two cases reported to date. We present an 8-year-old African male with a large perineal tumor of years of evolution. He had no associated symptoms. Café au lait stains were observed on examination, without other findings of relevance. The patient had no preoperative radiological studies. Partial excision of the lesion was performed. Histopathological study of the specimen revealed a plexiform neurofibroma. The lack of diagnostic suspicion due to the atypical nature of the location, the anatomical complexity of surgical resection and the potential urological and rectal involvement make this lesion a diagnostic-therapeutic challenge. Among the differential diagnoses, schwannoma, congenital lipoma, hamartoma and lipoblastoma should be considered.

Solitary Neurofibroma Of The Spermatic Cord: A Case Report

We report the ultrasound, computerized tomography, positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings of a 38-year-old man with a biopsy proven solitary neurofibroma of the spermatic cord. Solitary neurofibromas of the male genital tract are exceedingly rare benign peripheral nerve sheath neoplasms composed of Schwann cells and fibroblasts. In contrast to schwannomas they are not bound by a capsule thus allowing infiltration between the nerve fascicles. Although they are benign lesions whose potential for malignant degeneration is very low, especially in the absence of neurofibromatosis type 1, accurate diagnosis is important as neurofibromas in this location can cause significant morbidity and psychological distress. Despite the extensive differential diagnosis of masses in the male inguinal canal, including both benign and malignant entities, a diagnosis of benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor can be potentially suggested based on imaging, particularly if MRI is performed. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice and the final diagnosis should be provided by histopathology, as was the case with this patient.

Intrascrotal solitary neurofibroma: A case report and review of the literature

Solitary Neurofibroma of the scrotum is an extremely rare benign tumor, particularly when it is not associated with neurofibromatosis type I. To the best of our knowledge, less than 10 cases have been reported in the English literature. Herein, we report a 52-year-old man with the diagnosis of scrotal solitary neurofibroma.

Intrascrotal extratesticular neurofibroma as a possible cause of failed descent in ipsilateral testis

Intrascrotal extratesticular neurofibromas (IEN) often originate from genitofemoral nerve (GFN) and present as a paratesticular mass. Synchronous presence of IEN and undescended testis has not been reported previously. A 12-year-old boy with neurocutaneous syndrome and congenital giant melanocytic nevi along with IEN and ipsilateral undescended testis is presented, to discuss the underlying pathophysiology of failed testicular descent in the presence of IEN.

Solitary intrascrotal neurofibroma: a case diagnosed on aspiration cytology

Solitary neurofibroma of the scrotum is exceedingly rare and very few cases of this unusual occurrance have been reported till date. None of the previously reported cases had a preoperative cytologic diagnosis. A young man presented with an eight-month history of right scrotal swelling. Fine-needle aspiration cytology showed a spindle cell tumor with fibrillary matrix and wavy slender nuclei. A cytologic diagnosis of benign nerve sheath tumor was rendered. The patient underwent surgical excision of the mass and histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of a neurofibroma. This case is the first reported instance of aspiration cytologic diagnosis of intrascrotal neurofibroma. This rare tumor should be considered in the cytologic differential diagnoses of testicular and paratesticular tumors.

Solitary neurofibroma of the spermatic cord

Neurofibromas, which arise from perineural and Schwann cells, commonly occur throughout the body, but they rarely have been reported to originate from the spermatic cord. The solitary neurofibroma is a localized tumour that, by definition, occurs in patients who do not have von Recklinghausen's disease. Its exact incidence is unknown because of the difficulty in excluding von Recklinghausen's disease in some cases. Leiomyomas, lipomas, fibromas, haemangiomas, and epidermoid cysts have been described as benign tumours of the scrotum, but rarely has an extratesticular solitary neurofibroma of the spermatic cord been reported. We report a case of a solitary neurofibroma arising from the left spermatic cord. No signs of von Recklinghausen's disease were identified.

A childhood case of intrascrotal neurofibroma with a brief review of the literature

Solitary neurofibroma unassociated with neurofibromatosis type I (NFI) arising within the scrotum is an extremely rare benign tumor. There are 8 cases reported in the literature with only 1 that occurred in childhood. In the current report the authors describe an additional adolescent patient, the second case encountered in childhood and the ninth case reported in the literature, together with a review of the related articles.

Genitourinary neurofibromatosis mimicking posterior urethral valves

A 12-year-old boy, examined after an episode of acute urinary retention, was found to have neurofibromatosis of the bladder neck and prostatic urethra. His symptoms of bladder outlet obstruction and radiographic findings of a dilated prostatic urethra mimicked posterior urethral valves. Complete urologic investigation, including cystourethroscopy, revealed that the dilatation of the prostatic urethra was secondary to neural involvement of the external sphincter and posterior urethra without mechanical obstruction or posterior urethral valves.

Neurofibromatosis with involvement of the prostate gland

Urologic manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1 are rare. The most common urologic area of involvement has been the urinary bladder. Prostate involvement in generalized neurofibromatosis has been noted previously in only 10 patients, 3 of whom were adults. Of these 3, 1 had a neurofibroma, 1 had a malignant schwannoma, and 1 patient died before tissue diagnosis could be obtained. The patient discussed in this report is the second known adult patient with biopsy-proven neurofibroma of the prostate gland. In addition, this is the first reported use of endorectal magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate to localize and specify the extent of neurofibromas in these patients.

Intrascrotal neurofibromas

A solitary intrascrotal neurofibroma in a seventy-seven-year-old man is reported. This benign tumor of the nerve sheath arises from the Schwann cell and is rare in the external genitalia, especially in the absence of clinical and histopathologic stigmas of von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis. The literature on intrascrotal neurofibromas is reviewed.

Penile plexiform neurofibroma: case report and review of the literature

We report a rare case of a solitary plexiform neurofibroma of the penis. The patient had no other manifestations of von Recklinghausen's disease. The literature pertaining to neurofibroma of the penis is reviewed.

Idiopathic subcutaneous and laryngeal fibrosis

A 40-year-old totally deaf male presented with submucosal masses in the subglottic space and multiple subcutaneous nodules in the eyelids, scrotum and thighs. Biopsies of these masses revealed dense fibrosis associated with non-specific chronic inflammation. Although the findings were clinically similar to those of neurofibromatosis, amyloidosis, multifocal fibrosclerosis with cutaneous nodules, and familial multicentric fibromatosis, they did not fit completely with any of the above-mentioned conditions. It is possible that this case represents a peculiar entity of its own.

Paratesticular neuroblastoma associated with subependymal giant cell astrocytoma

We describe a case of neuroblastoma presenting as a paratesticular mass in infancy. To our knowledge this is the first case of a paratesticular neuroblastoma reported in the literature. An operation combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy has achieved long-term survival despite obvious multifocal disease. Seven years after treatment of the inital tumor the patient presented with a subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, an extremely rare neuroectodermal tumor. Discussion is directed to possible explanations for this unusual case of multifocal, metachronous neuroectodermal neoplasms.