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Nicotine self-administration with menthol and audiovisual cue facilitates differential packaging of CYP2A6 and cytokines/chemokines in rat plasma extracellular vesicles. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17393. [PMID: 34462474 PMCID: PMC8405708 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96807-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether intravenously self-administered nicotine with menthol and audiovisual cue modulates nicotine-metabolizing CYP2A6, oxidative stress modulators, and cytokines/chemokines in plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) in rats. We assigned rats to self-administered nicotine with: (a) audiovisual cue (AV), (b) menthol, and (c) menthol and AV cue. We found increased levels of CD9 in plasma EVs after self-administered nicotine with menthol and AV cue. Moreover, expression of CYP2A6 in plasma EVs was significantly increased after self-administered nicotine in response to menthol and AV cue. However, despite an upward trend on SOD1 and catalase, increase was not found to be statistically significant, while total antioxidant capacity was found to be significantly increased in plasma and plasma EVs obtained after self-administered nicotine with menthol and AV cue. Among cytokine and chemokine profiling, we found a significant increase in the levels of MCP-1 after self-administered nicotine with menthol and AV cue and complete packaging of IL-1β in EVs. Taken together, the study provides evidence that nicotine in response to menthol and AV cues can package altered levels of CYP2A6, and cytokines/chemokines in plasma EVs that may contribute to cell–cell communication, nicotine metabolism, and inflammation upon cigarette smoking.
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Pfeiffer CA, Meyer AE, Brooks KE, Chen PR, Milano-Foster J, Spate LD, Benne JA, Cecil RF, Samuel MS, Ciernia LA, Spinka CM, Smith MF, Wells KD, Spencer TE, Prather RS, Geisert RD. Ablation of conceptus PTGS2 expression does not alter early conceptus development and establishment of pregnancy in the pig†. Biol Reprod 2021; 102:475-488. [PMID: 31616930 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pig conceptuses secrete estrogens (E2), interleukin 1 beta 2 (IL1B2), and prostaglandins (PGs) during the period of rapid trophoblast elongation and establishment of pregnancy. Previous studies established that IL1B2 is essential for rapid conceptus elongation, whereas E2 is not essential for conceptus elongation or early maintenance of the corpora lutea. The objective of the present study was to determine if conceptus expression of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) and release of PG are important for early development and establishment of pregnancy. To understand the role of PTGS2 in conceptus elongation and pregnancy establishment, a loss-of-function study was conducted by editing PTGS2 using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Wild-type (PTGS2+/+) and null (PTGS2-/-) fibroblast cells were used to create embryos through somatic cell nuclear transfer. Immunolocalization of PTGS2 and PG production was absent in cultured PTGS2-/- blastocysts on day 7. PTGS2+/+ and PTGS2-/- blastocysts were transferred into surrogate gilts, and the reproductive tracts were collected on either days 14, 17, or 35 of pregnancy. After flushing the uterus on days 14 and 17, filamentous conceptuses were cultured for 3 h to determine PG production. Conceptus release of total PG, prostaglandin F2⍺ (PGF2α), and PGE in culture media was lower with PTGS2-/- conceptuses compared to PTGS2+/+ conceptuses. However, the total PG, PGF2α, and PGE content in the uterine flushings was not different. PTGS2-/- conceptus surrogates allowed to continue pregnancy were maintained beyond 30 days of gestation. These results indicate that pig conceptus PTGS2 is not essential for early development and establishment of pregnancy in the pig.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Pfeiffer
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Ashley E Meyer
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Kelsey E Brooks
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Paula R Chen
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Lee D Spate
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Joshua A Benne
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Raissa F Cecil
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Melissa S Samuel
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Lauren A Ciernia
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Christine M Spinka
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael F Smith
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Kevin D Wells
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Thomas E Spencer
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Randall S Prather
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Rodney D Geisert
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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Barberis G, Gamron S, Acevedo G, Cadile I, Juri H, Campana V, Castel A, Onetti CM, Palma JA. In vitro synthesis of prostaglandin E2 by synovial tissue after helium-neon laser radiation in rheumatoid arthritis. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LASER MEDICINE & SURGERY 1996; 14:175-7. [PMID: 9456634 DOI: 10.1089/clm.1996.14.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the effect of helium-neon laser radiation (power of 5 mW and 632.8 nm wave length) on the synthesis of PGE2 in vitro in synovial tissue of biopsy samples of knee joints in patients with chronic rheumatoid arthritis stages II or III. Twelve patients were studied. Each patient received 15 applications of He-Ne laser. Eleven points for He-Ne laser applications were selected in one of the affected knees. The energy density used was 8 J/cm2 per application point. The He-Ne laser therapy reduced the synthesis of PGE2. The analysis of the data revealed a statistically significant difference between the levels of the synthesis of PGE2 before treatment (17.69 +/- 2.65 ng mg-1 of dry tissue h-1) and after treatment (13.85 +/- 2.73 ng mg-1 of dry tissue h-1), with p < 0.01 comparing mean values. This was also accompanied by relief of pain (91.6%), and a favorable subjective report from the patient. We conclude that PGE2 is a quantifiable parameter that could explain what causes pain relief in patients with rheumatoid arthritis that are treated with He-Ne laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Barberis
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Nacional de Clinicas, Córdoba, Argentina
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BARBERIS G, GAMRON S, ACEVEDO G, CADILE I, JURI H, CAMPANA V, CASTEL A, ONETTI C, PALMA J. In VitroRelease of Prostaglandin E2after Helium-Neon Laser Radiation from Synovial Tissue in Osteoarthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1089/clm.1995.13.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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