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David S, Magram Klaiman M, Shpigelman A, Lesmes U. Addition of Anionic Polysaccharide Stabilizers Modulates In Vitro Digestive Proteolysis of a Chocolate Milk Drink in Adults and Children. Foods 2020; 9:foods9091253. [PMID: 32906813 PMCID: PMC7555934 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need to better understand the possible anti-nutritional effect of food stabilizers on the digestibility of important macronutrients, like proteins. This study hypothesized that the anionic nature of κ-, ι-, λ-, Carrageenan (CGN) and xanthan gum directs their interactions with food proteins leading to their subsequent attenuated digestive proteolysis. Model chocolate milk drinks were tested for their colloidal properties, viscosity and proteolytic breakdown in adults and children using in vitro digestion models coupled with proteomic analyses. SDS-PAGE analyses of gastro-intestinal effluents highlight stabilizers hinder protein breakdown in adults and children. Zeta potential and colloidal particle size were the strongest determinants of stabilizers’ ability to hinder proteolysis. LC-MS proteomic analyses revealed stabilizer addition significantly reduced bioaccessibility of milk-derived bioactive peptides with differences in liberated peptide sequences arising mainly from their location on the outer rim of the protein structures. Further, liberation of bioactive peptides emptying from a child stomach into the intestine were most affected by the presence of ι-CGN. Overall, this study raises the notion that stabilizer charge and other properties of edible proteins are detrimental to the ability of humans to utilize the nutritional potential of such formulations. This could help food professionals and regulatory agencies carefully consider the use of anionic stabilizers in products aiming to serve as protein sources for children and other liable populations.
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2
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Understanding nanostructural differences in hydrogels from commercial carrageenans: Combined small angle X-ray scattering and rheological studies. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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3
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David S, Wojciechowska A, Portmann R, Shpigelman A, Lesmes U. The impact of food-grade carrageenans and consumer age on the in vitro proteolysis of whey proteins. Food Res Int 2020; 130:108964. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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4
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McKim JM, Willoughby JA, Blakemore WR, Weiner ML. Clarifying the confusion between poligeenan, degraded carrageenan, and carrageenan: A review of the chemistry, nomenclature, and in vivo toxicology by the oral route. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:3054-3073. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1481822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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5
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González Ocampo JI, Bassous N, Ossa Orozco CP, Webster TJ. Evaluation of cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of an injectable bone substitute of carrageenan and nano hydroxyapatite. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:2984-2993. [PMID: 30367558 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A successful post-surgical implant is associated with accelerated recovery periods, involving the efficient regeneration of lost or non-viable tissue and a reduction in microbial growth. Alternatively, the long-term success of an implant is guided by the selection of an engineered biomimetic material that is biocompatible, non-biodegradable, and stable at the site of implantation, without invoking any non-essential or undesirable biological responses. The potential for developing an injectable bone substitute (IBS) was investigated here. In particular, carrageenan (CG) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) injectable composites were fabricated by chemical cross-linking, and the in vitro behavior of mammalian cells and bacteria on the IBS surface structures were evaluated. Formulations consisting of 1%, 1.5%, and 2.5% CG and 60% nHA by weight were then evaluated for their interactions with human osteoblasts (or bone forming cells). MTS viability testing indicated that osteoblast adhesion and viability on the IBS were excellent and uniform among various formulation types. Bacteria assays were also performed to assess antimicrobial functions on the CG/nHA composite against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains. A higher CG content, as found in some samples, correlated with improved Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth inhibition, although other bacteria strains appeared unaffected by the IBS. In summary, this study highlights CG/nHA composites as innovative biomaterials that should be further studied for reduced bacteria activity and promoted osteoblast responses which was achieved without using pharmaceutical drugs. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 2984-2993, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazmín I González Ocampo
- Biomaterials Research Group, Bioengineering Program, Engineering Faculty, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Nicole Bassous
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Claudia P Ossa Orozco
- Biomaterials Research Group, Bioengineering Program, Engineering Faculty, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
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David S, Shani Levi C, Fahoum L, Ungar Y, Meyron-Holtz EG, Shpigelman A, Lesmes U. Revisiting the carrageenan controversy: do we really understand the digestive fate and safety of carrageenan in our foods? Food Funct 2018; 9:1344-1352. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01721a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
An overview of evidence on Carrageenan (CGN), a family of marine polysaccharides, their characteristics and digestive fate that highlight various gaps in our understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shlomit David
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Foods and Bioactives
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa
- Israel
| | - Carmit Shani Levi
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Foods and Bioactives
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa
- Israel
| | - Lulu Fahoum
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa
- Israel
| | - Yael Ungar
- Biotechnology Engineering Department
- ORT Braude College
- 21982 Karmiel
- Israel
| | - Esther G. Meyron-Holtz
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa
- Israel
| | - Avi Shpigelman
- Laboratory for Novel Food and Bioprocessing
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa
- Israel
| | - Uri Lesmes
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Foods and Bioactives
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa
- Israel
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7
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Loeffler M, McClements DJ, McLandsborough L, Terjung N, Chang Y, Weiss J. Electrostatic interactions of cationic lauric arginate with anionic polysaccharides affect antimicrobial activity against spoilage yeasts. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 117:28-39. [PMID: 24655156 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the effect of anionic polysaccharides often used in beverage applications (xanthan and λ-carrageenan) on the antimicrobial efficacy of the cationic surfactant lauric arginate (LAE) against typical spoilage yeasts. METHODS AND RESULTS The antimicrobial efficacy of LAE against Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida albicans and Zygosaccharomyces bailii in the absence and presence of anionic polysaccharides was assessed by microtitre and macrobroth dilution assays. Combining LAE with either xanthan or λ-carrageenan caused a pronounced decrease in LAE's antimicrobial efficacy, with the minimal inhibitory and lethal concentrations (MIC and MLC) both increasing with increasing polysaccharide concentration. This reduction in antimicrobial efficacy was more pronounced for the addition of λ-carrageenan. To determine the cause of loss of activity, physical properties of solutions were examined. Turbidity and sedimentation measurements indicated that complexes between LAE and anionic polysaccharides had been formed. Electrophoresis measurements showed that complexes had varying electrical charges and dimensions depending on solution composition. CONCLUSION Results suggest that electrostatic interactions between LAE and anionic polysaccharides play a major role in complex formation and loss of antimicrobial activity. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Results have important implications for the utilization of LAE as an antimicrobial agent in beverage and food products containing anionic polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Loeffler
- Department of Food Physics and Meat Science, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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8
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McKim JM. Food additive carrageenan: Part I: A critical review of carrageenanin vitrostudies, potential pitfalls, and implications for human health and safety. Crit Rev Toxicol 2014; 44:211-43. [DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2013.861797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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9
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Kim SK, Ravichandran YD, Khan SB, Kim YT. Prospective of the cosmeceuticals derived from marine organisms. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-008-0113-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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10
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Rinaudo M. Main properties and current applications of some polysaccharides as biomaterials. POLYM INT 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.2378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 672] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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11
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Determination of the low molecular weight fraction of food-grade carrageenans. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2008; 861:81-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2007] [Revised: 10/29/2007] [Accepted: 11/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Smith MJ, Haidar IA, Striegel AM. Measuring the size of polymers with negative radii using MALS/QELS: an exploration of the thermodynamic radius. Analyst 2007; 132:455-60. [PMID: 17471392 DOI: 10.1039/b618177e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The concept of 'size' in polymer science can have several interpretations, including definitions that rely on either statistical or equivalent-hard-sphere measures of the spatial extent of macromolecules in solution. A definition such as that of the equivalent thermodynamic radius (R(T)), which relies on the second virial coefficient of the polymer solution, offers the possibility of a zero or even a negative size parameter for macromolecules, depending on whether the polymer solution is in a theta or poor thermodynamic state, respectively. Here, we present the results of multi-angle light scattering measurements of R(T) for polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate), showing positive, negative, and zero values for this radius, depending on dilute solution thermodynamics. These results are augmented with measurements of the hydrodynamic radius, using quasi-elastic light scattering, and with random-walk-based calculations of the root-mean-square and viscometric radii. Re-examination of the literature provides additional examples of negative radii of polymers and oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle J Smith
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
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13
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Girod S, Baldet-Dupy P, Maillols H, Devoisselle JM. On-line direct determination of the second virial coefficient of a natural polysaccharide using size-exclusion chromatography and multi-angle laser light scattering. J Chromatogr A 2002; 943:147-52. [PMID: 11820275 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)01415-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
By combining a size-exclusion chromatographic (SEC) separation and an on-line multi-angle light scattering (MALLS) analysis, we have elaborated an original methodology permitting on-line direct determination of the second virial coefficient of molar mass fractions of polydisperse polysaccharides. By assimilating the SEC-MALLS data to a batch mode acquisition, we have obtained on-line the complete Zimm plot of the eluted fractions, leading to knowledge of their weight-average molar mass Mw, radius of gyration r(g) and second virial coefficient A2. Our methodology was successfully applied to a iota carrageenan sample in LiCl 100 mM, EDTA 1 g/l.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Girod
- Laboratoire Laphal, R&D, Allauch, France.
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14
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Chapter 9 Molar mass determination of complex bioglycopolymers by size exclusion chromatography and light scattering detection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4770(02)80034-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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15
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Chapter 8 Modern size-exclusion chromatography of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4770(02)80033-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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16
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Uno Y, Omoto T, Goto Y, Asai I, Nakamura M, Maitani T. Molecular weight distribution of carrageenans studied by a combined gel permeation/inductively coupled plasma (GPC/ICP) method. FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS 2001; 18:763-72. [PMID: 11552743 DOI: 10.1080/02652030117235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Degraded carrageenan (known as poligeenan molecular weight: 20 kDa to 30 kDa) causes ulcerative colitis in experimental animals. In this paper, the molecular weight distributions of 29 samples of food-grade refined carrageenans were studied by high performance liquid gel permeation chromatography (GPC) directly connected to vacuum-ultraviolet inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP) (GPC/ICP) as well as GPC/refractive index (RI) detection. All samples of food-grade carrageenan had a major broad peak of high molecular weight which eluted at around 6.5 min in both RI and ICP mode (sulphur and carbon), and each sample of them had no obvious peak of poligeenan (the detection limit was about 5%). The number average molecular weights of these carrageenans ranged from 193 kDa to 324 kDa, and the weight average molecular weights ranged from 453 kDa to 652 kDa based on RI data. Some samples had a few minor peaks which eluted around 10-12 min. These peaks came from ionic sulphate, sucrose or glucose. It was considered that if the data-sampling programme was improved, the GPC/ICP system would become a more powerful technique for evaluation of carrageenan samples containing ionic substances and sugar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Uno
- San-Ei Gen F. F. I., Inc., Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
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17
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Abstract
The present study reports a novel method for the separation of the high-molecular-weight anionic polysaccharides, iota, kappa, and lambda carrageenans, in capillary electrophoresis (CE). Carrageenan samples are first derivatised with 9-aminopyrene-1,4,6-trisulfonic acid (APTS), separated in an ammonium acetate background electrolyte (BGE) and detected with laser-induced fluorescence (LIF). The effects of changes of instrumental parameters (temperature, injection mode, field strength) and the composition of the BGE (concentration and pH) are reported, and are explained in terms of the physical chemistry of the BGE and the biopolymers. Optimal separation conditions for kappa, iota, and lambda carrageenans, including an APTS internal standard, were found in a polyvinyl alcohol coated capillary with an ammonium acetate BGE of low concentration (25 mM) and moderate pH (8.0). This BGE gave the best reproducibility in tests on iota/kappa mixtures, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) in migration times and normalised peak areas (relative to the APTS internal standard) of less than 0.1% and 1%, respectively. Using this BGE at 50 degrees C and a voltage of 30 kV, all three carrageenan subtypes were separated in a run time of 3 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Mangin
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, UK
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18
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19
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Mitsuiki M, Mizuno A, Motoki M. Determination of molecular weight of agars and effect of the molecular weight on the glass transition. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 1999; 47:473-478. [PMID: 10563919 DOI: 10.1021/jf980713p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A novel procedure to determine the molecular weight (MW) and MW distributions for various agars is described. The MW values of commercial agars, an agarose, an agaropectin, and hydrolyzed agaroses were determined by size exclusion chromatography-low angle laser light scattering, using 4.0 M guanidine hydrochloride as eluent to avoid gelation. The MW for the commercial agars was between 106 400 and 243 500 with polydispersity between 1.283 and 6. 600. The MW of the agarose separated from a commercial agar was lower than that of the agaropectin. To prepare agaroses with different MW values, the obtained agarose was hydrolyzed. The MW of the agarose decreased with hydrolysis time, and the polydispersity, on the contrary, increased. The glass transition temperature (T(g)) of agarose with different MW values and that of agaropectin were measured by differential scanning calorimetry. The T(g) of the agarose was higher than that of the agaropectin with higher MW. The T(g) of agarose increased with MW.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mitsuiki
- Food Research and Development Laboratories, Ajinomoto Company, Inc., 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
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20
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Hjerde T, Smidsr�d O, Christensen BE. Analysis of the conformational properties of ?- and ?-carrageenan by size-exclusion chromatography combined with low-angle laser light scattering. Biopolymers 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0282(199901)49:1<71::aid-bip7>3.0.co;2-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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Separation of high-molecular-mass carrageenan polysaccharides by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(98)00372-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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Ueda K, Itoh M, Matsuzaki Y, Ochiai H, Imamura A. Observation of the Molecular Weight Change during the Helix−Coil Transition of κ-Carrageenan Measured by the SEC−LALLS Method. Macromolecules 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ma970846w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyoshi Ueda
- Department of Material Science, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739, Japan
| | - Miyuki Itoh
- Department of Material Science, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739, Japan
| | - Yuka Matsuzaki
- Department of Material Science, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ochiai
- Department of Material Science, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739, Japan
| | - Akira Imamura
- Department of Material Science, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739, Japan
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23
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Wittgren B, Borgström J, Piculell L, Wahlund KG. Conformational change and aggregation of κ-carrageenan studied by flow field-flow fractionation and multiangle light scattering. Biopolymers 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0282(199801)45:1<85::aid-bip7>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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24
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Myslabodski DE, Stancioff D, Heckert RA. Effect of acid hydrolysis on the molecular weight of kappa carrageenan by GPC-LS. Carbohydr Polym 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0144-8617(96)00054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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25
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Kohyama K, Sano Y, Nishinari K. A mixed system composed of different molecular weights konjac glucomannan and κ-carrageenan. II. Molecular weight dependence of viscoelasticity and thermal properties. Food Hydrocoll 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0268-005x(96)80039-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- M Szulc
- Quality Control R&D Laboratory, Biogen Corporation, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
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27
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Churms SC. Recent progress in carbohydrate separation by high-performance liquid chromatography based on size exclusion. J Chromatogr A 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(95)00305-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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30
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Singh SK, Jacobsson SP. Kinetics of acid hydrolysis of κ-carrageenan as determined by molecular weight (SEC-MALLSRI), gel breaking strength, and viscosity measurements. Carbohydr Polym 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0144-8617(94)90032-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Maderich AB, Sugita ET. Size-exclusion chromatographic determination of dextran sulfate in rat serum. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1993; 620:137-42. [PMID: 8106580 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(93)80061-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive and selective method for the determination of dextran sulfate in rat serum has been developed. The analysis is suitable for quantitation of the drug and for monitoring molecular mass changes occurring during biotransformation. Dextran sulfate is resolved from higher molecular mass serum components by high-performance aqueous size-exclusion chromatography. The method has been validated for the direct injection of serum. Sensitive detection is achieved by post-column reaction of the polyanionic drug with the dye 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue. Components of serum which inhibit complex formation are separated chromatographically from dextran sulfate. Absorbance of the metachromatic complex is monitored at 525 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Maderich
- Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science, PA 19104-4495
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32
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Slootmaekers D, van Dijk JA, Varkevisser FA, van Treslong CJ, Reynaers H. Molecular characterisation of kappa- and lambda-carrageenan by gel permeation chromatography, light scattering, sedimentation analysis and osmometry. Biophys Chem 1991; 41:51-9. [PMID: 1751771 DOI: 10.1016/0301-4622(91)87209-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Gel permeation chromatography, in conjunction with a double detection system involving a low angle laser light scattering apparatus (LALLS) and a refractive index monitoring device (RI), has been used to obtain both the molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution of sodium salts of kappa-carrageenan and lambda-carrageenan in saline solutions. The results, Mw and Mn, are in excellent agreement with independent determinations of molar mass based on static light scattering experiments, sedimentation-diffusion analysis and osmometry. The relevance of the data is discussed with respect to current problems in carrageenan research.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Slootmaekers
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, University of Leiden, Netherlands
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Brigand G, Denis A, Grall M, Lecacheux D. Insight into the structure of pectin by high performance chromatographic methods. Carbohydr Polym 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0144-8617(90)90104-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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34
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Rochas C, Rinaudo M, Landry S. Relation between the molecular structure and mechanical properties of carrageenan gels. Carbohydr Polym 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0144-8617(89)90061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Rochas C, Lahaye M. Average molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of agarose and agarose-type polysaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0144-8617(89)90068-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lecacheux D, Brigand G. Preparative fractionation of natural polysaccharides by size exclusion chromatography. Carbohydr Polym 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0144-8617(88)90016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sworn G, Marrs WM, Hart RJ. Characterisation of carrageenans by high-performance size-exclusion chromatography using a LiChrospher 1000 DIOL column. J Chromatogr A 1987; 403:307-11. [PMID: 3680416 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)96368-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Sworn
- Leatherhead Food Research Association, Surrey, U.K
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Molecular weight of scleroglucan and other extracellular microbial polysaccharides by size-exclusion chromatography and low angle laser light scattering. Carbohydr Polym 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0144-8617(86)90005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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