1
|
Zhang JY, Wu H, Jia LN, Jiang W, Luo J, Liu Y, Gao Q, Ren YP, Ma X, Tang YL, McDonald WM. Cardiovascular Effects of High-Frequency Magnetic Seizure Therapy Compared With Electroconvulsive Therapy. J ECT 2022; 38:185-191. [PMID: 35220358 PMCID: PMC9422761 DOI: 10.1097/yct.0000000000000833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) is a novel convulsive therapy that has been shown to have antidepressant efficacy comparable to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) with fewer cognitive side effects. However, the cardiovascular (CVS) effects of high frequency MST in comparison to ECT have not been investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-five patients with depression received 6 treatment sessions of 100 Hz MST versus 6 bifrontal ECT treatments in a nonrandomized comparative clinical design. Data on CVS function including heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and rate pressure product (RPP) were collected at baseline (T0), after the induction of anesthesia but before the electrical stimulation (T1), during convulsion (T2), 2 minutes after cessation of motor seizure (T3), 5 minutes after cessation of motor seizure (T4), and 10 minutes after cessation of motor seizure (T5). Comparisons were made with baseline data and between MST and ECT groups. RESULTS There were statistically significant elevations in the maximum HR, SBP, DBP, and RPP in patients receiving ECT compared with MST both in the initial and sixth treatments (all P < 0.05). Particularly, at T2, the ECT group had significantly higher HR, SBP, DBP, and RPP than those in MST group both in initial and sixth treatment (all P < 0.001). At the sixth treatment, the ECT group had significantly higher SBP, DBP, and RPP during the treatment than in the MST group (all P < 0.001). LIMITATIONS The anesthetic choices for this study may limit the generalizability of our findings. The sample size was relatively small. CONCLUSIONS Compared with ECT, high-frequency MST has fewer CVS side effects and may be a safer option for depression patients with CVS disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-yan Zhang
- From the The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection
| | - Han Wu
- From the The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection
| | - Li-na Jia
- From the The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection
| | - Wei Jiang
- From the The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection
| | - Jiong Luo
- From the The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection
| | - Yi Liu
- From the The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-ping Ren
- From the The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection
| | - Xin Ma
- From the The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection
| | - Yi-lang Tang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta
- Mental Health Service Line, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA
| | - William M. McDonald
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pollak C, Maier HB, Moschny N, Jahn K, Bleich S, Frieling H, Neyazi A. Epinephrine levels decrease in responders after electroconvulsive therapy. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 128:1917-1921. [PMID: 34554316 PMCID: PMC8571228 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02420-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We examined potential changes in catecholamine plasma levels and cortisol serum levels in 29 patients with treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) during a course of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Blood samples were taken at three different time points: directly before (T1) and 15 min after (T2) the first ECT, and directly before the last one (T3). Patients responding to ECT had a significant decrease of the intraindividual epinephrine plasma level when both first time points (Δ T1-T2) were compared (χ2 (1) = 10.05, p = 0.002). This finding encourages further investigation in the understanding of the catecholamine-metabolism including its release and uptake in patients with treatment-resistant MDD receiving ECT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Pollak
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hannah Benedictine Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Nicole Moschny
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kirsten Jahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexandra Neyazi
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Christensen STJ, Staalsø JM, Jørgensen A, Weikop P, Olsen NV, Jørgensen MB. Electro convulsive therapy: Modification of its effect on the autonomic nervous system using anti-cholinergic drugs. Psychiatry Res 2019; 271:239-246. [PMID: 30504059 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The antidepressant efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is correlated to the quality of the seizure as measured by EEG but has also been linked to the magnitude of changes in hemodynamic variables. Muscarinic receptor antagonists are frequently used in the treatment, and are known to affect the hemodynamic response. We hypothesized that atropine and glycopyrrolate alter the hemodynamic and autonomic hormonal response to ECT. In a randomized, cross-over study design 23 patients received either atropine, glycopyrrolate or placebo before ECT. Hemodynamic variable, EEG and EMG, and blood adrenaline, noradrenaline and pancreatic polypeptide was determined. No geriatric patients were included. Hemodynamic changes with ECT can be divided into three phases: Drop in blood pressure and pulse rate in 1st post-stimulus phase was less when using 1 mg atropine. In 2nd post-stimulus phase atropine gave a higher systolic blood pressure. No differences were seen in hormone levels after ECT in the three interventions. A significant longer tonic clonic seizure was seen in the glycopyrrolate group and a tendency of the same was seen with atropine. The study found that the changes in hemodynamic variables induced by ECT can be altered by concomitant administration of muscarinic receptor antagonist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Søren T Just Christensen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Jonathan Myrup Staalsø
- Department of Neurology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Jørgensen
- Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pia Weikop
- The Neuroscience Centre, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Vidiendal Olsen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; The Neuroscience Centre, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Balslev Jørgensen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy and its relevance to anesthesiology: a narrative review. Can J Anaesth 2016; 63:1059-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s12630-016-0680-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
|
5
|
Ghanizadeh A, Issaee M, Sigaroody MO, Kaviani K. The effect of electroconvulsive therapy on blood glucose, creatinine levels, and lipid profile and its association with the type of psychiatric disorders. Neurochem Int 2012; 61:1007-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2012.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
6
|
Abstract
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a syndrome of reversible stress-induced cardiomyopathy associated with profound emotional stress and a variety of medical illnesses and procedures, including electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). We describe 1 case of ECT-induced TCM followed by a successful retrial of ECT. We further discuss the management of ECT-induced TCM and the decision to perform a second trial of ECT in patients with this complication. Given the current understanding of the pathogenesis of TCM, it is appropriate to discontinue ECT during the acute setting of TCM. After the resolution of the acute episode of TCM, a second trial of ECT may be warranted depending on the severity of psychiatric illness (ie, suicidal ideation, catatonia, psychotic symptoms). If a retrial of ECT is performed, oral and intravenous β-blockers should be used for cardioprotection, and patients should be monitored for signs and symptoms of an evolving cardiomyopathy. It is preferable to perform retrials of ECT-at least initially-in a general hospital setting, where immediate invasive monitoring and intensive treatments are available in the event of acute cardiac failure.
Collapse
|
7
|
Fluitman SBAHA, Heijnen CJ, Denys DAJP, Nolen WA, Balk FJ, Westenberg HGM. Electroconvulsive therapy has acute immunological and neuroendocrine effects in patients with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2011; 131:388-92. [PMID: 21183225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2010.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Revised: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder is associated with alterations in the neuroendocrine as well as immune system. Few studies examined the impact of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) on these systems in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS In this explorative study 12 patients suffering from medication-resistant MDD or MDD with psychotic features were studied during the first, the fifth and eleventh session of ECT. Blood samples were taken immediately prior to the electrostimulus and 5, 15 and 30 min after the electrostimulus to assess various lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated or T-cell mitogen induced cytokines, immune cell numbers, Natural Killer cell activity, cortisol and ACTH. RESULTS Acute ECT increased the LPS-stimulated production of the cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α by peripheral monocytes but not the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Acute ECT decreased T cell mitogen-induced levels of IFN-γ but IL-10 and IL-4 levels were left unaffected while NK cell activity increased momentarily but significantly. Cortisol and ACTH rose significantly after electrostimulus. Repeated ECT had no significant effect on any of the parameters. LIMITATIONS The study had a small group size. Also the patient group was heterogeneous as it consisted of patients with therapy-resistant depression with or without psychotic features. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that acute ECT is associated with transient immunological and neuro-endocrine changes, while repeated ECT does not have an additive effect on the immune and neuroendocrine functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sjoerd B A H A Fluitman
- The Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li G, Bauer S, Nowak M, Norwood B, Tackenberg B, Rosenow F, Knake S, Oertel WH, Hamer HM. Cytokines and epilepsy. Seizure 2011; 20:249-56. [PMID: 21216630 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2010.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Revised: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder affecting approximately 8 out of 1000 people. Its pathophysiology, however, has remained elusive in many regards. Consequently, adequate seizure control is still lacking in about one third of patients. Cytokines are soluble mediators of cell communication that are critical in immune regulation. In recent years, studies have shown that epileptic seizures can induce the production of cytokines, which in turn influence the pathogenesis and course of epilepsies. At the time of this review, the focus is mostly on interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding these cytokines and their potential roles in epilepsy. The focus concentrates on their expression and influence on induced seizures in animal models of epilepsy, as well as findings in human studies. Both proconvulsive and anticonvulsive effects have been reported for each of these molecules. One possible explanation for this phenomenon is that cytokines play dichotomous roles through multiple pathways, each of which is dependent on free concentration and available receptors. Furthermore, the immune-mediated leakage in the blood-brain-barrier also plays an important role in epileptogenesis. Nonetheless, these observations demonstrate the multifarious nature of cytokine networks and the complex relationship between the immune system and epilepsy. Future studies are warranted to further clarify the influence of the immune system on epilepsy and vice versa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of Neurology, University of Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Myocardial stunning refers to contractile dysfunction that persists after an ischemic episode and restoration of coronary blood flow. In this article, 2 cases of myocardial stunning after electroconvulsive therapy in patients with an apparently normal heart are presented. The incidence of this condition is unknown. It is observed that this condition seems to occur in females and in the obese and is generally associated with rapid recovery. This occurrence seems to be brought about by autonomic changes that occur during electroconvulsive therapy. Several drugs have been used to ameliorate the condition, although studies were limited to establish efficacy of regimens.
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
A case is described in which an elderly male with atrial fibrillation and major depression underwent a course of electroconvulsive therapy. Two of the first three treatments were associated with other arrhythmias, during and after the procedure. Prior to the fourth treatment cardioversion was unsuccessful. During the fourth episode of electroconvulsive therapy, the patient reverted to sinus rhythm and remained in this rhythm. Reversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm may be associated with embolization if atrial thrombus has formed. Factors predisposing to changes in rhythm with electroconvulsive therapy and the management of patients with atrial fibrillation having electroconvulsive therapy are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Ottaway
- Anaesthetics Department, Royal Hobart Hospital, Tasmania
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fu W, Stool LA, White PF, Husain MM. Is oral clonidine effective in modifying the acute hemodynamic response during electroconvulsive therapy? Anesth Analg 1998; 86:1127-30. [PMID: 9585310 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-199805000-00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Clonidine decreases the stress-induced sympathoadrenal responses to painful stimuli and improves hemodynamic stability during general anesthesia. Because acute hypertensive responses are often observed immediately after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), we designed a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study to assess the effects of four different oral doses of clonidine (0.05-0.3 mg per os) on the acute hemodynamic response to ECT. Anesthesia was induced with methohexital 1 mg/kg followed by succinylcholine, 1.3 mg/kg i.v. A total of 110 treatments were evaluated in 22 patients. Noninvasive mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) values, duration of motor and electroencephalographic (EEG) seizure activity, and recovery times were recorded. Clonidine produced a dose-related decrease in MAP before and after ECT. Although clonidine 0.2-0.3 mg per os decreased the peak MAP value after ECT, the changes in MAP from the prestimulation values were similar in all treatment groups. Clonidine produced no significant changes in HR, duration of motor and EEG seizure activity, or recovery times after anesthesia. These data suggest that clonidine decreases the peak MAP value after ECT by decreasing MAP immediately before the ECT stimulus. IMPLICATIONS Oral clonidine (0.2-0.3 mg) decreases the acute hypertensive response after electroconvulsive therapy; however, this antihypertensive effect was achieved by decreasing the blood pressure before the electrical stimulus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 75235-9068, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Is Oral Clonidine Effective in Modifying the Acute Hemodynamic Response During Electroconvulsive Therapy? Anesth Analg 1998. [DOI: 10.1213/00000539-199805000-00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
13
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormalities of catecholaminergic function have been hypothesised to cause depressive illness. Plasma noradrenaline can be used as a marker of central noradrenergic activity. It is of interest to examine the change in resting plasma noradrenaline in patients with depressive illness over a course of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and relate this to their clinical state. METHOD Patients referred for ECT who suffered from DSM-III-R major depressive disorder or dysthymia were recruited. Blood samples were taken before and after each treatment, during a course of ECT, to measure plasma noradrenaline and cortisol. Clinical ratings were carried out weekly during the course of ECT. RESULTS Plasma noradrenaline fell significantly in those patients with melancholic/psychotic depressions but increased in those with non-melancholic depressive illness. There was a strong trend indicating that a fall in plasma noradrenaline was associated with improvement in depression ratings in the melancholic/psychotic patients only. CONCLUSIONS Electroconvlusive therapy decreases plasma noradrenaline in melancholic/psychotic depressive illness and this shows a trend associated with clinical improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C B Kelly
- Department of Mental Health, Queen's University of Belfast
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Werstiuk ES, Coote M, Griffith L, Shannon H, Steiner M. Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on peripheral adrenoceptors, plasma, noradrenaline, MHPG and cortisol in depressed patients. Br J Psychiatry 1996; 169:758-65. [PMID: 8968635 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.169.6.758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanism of the antidepressant action of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) remains unknown. Based on previous work with antidepressant drugs and their effects on the noradrenergic system, we undertook this study to further determine the effects of ECT on selected indices of peripheral adrenoceptor function in depressed patients. METHODS Binding parameters (Bmax and Kd) of platelet alpha 2- and leukocyte beta 2-adrenoceptors, plasma noradrenaline (NA), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylglycol (MHPG) and cortisol levels were determined in 18 patients, prior to treatment and 14 days after the last of a series of ECTs, and compared with samples obtained from 18 matched control subjects. RESULTS Platelet alpha 2-adrenoceptor sites were significantly elevated in untreated patients compared with controls (P < 0.03), but leukocyte beta 2-adrenoceptor numbers did not differ. Treatment with ECT led to a significant reduction in platelet alpha 2-adrenoceptor numbers, whereas leukocyte beta 2-adrenoceptor densities increased. Pre-ECT plasma NA, MHPG, and cortisol levels were elevated in patients, compared with controls, and decreased following ECT, but these differences were not statistically significant. Post-ECT plasma NA and beta 2-adrenoceptor numbers were significantly, negatively correlated (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that platelet alpha 2-adrenoceptors are supersensitive in depressed patients and treatment with ECT results in down-regulation of these receptors, which may be interpreted as a primary therapeutic, "normalising' effect. The post-ECT changes in leukocyte beta 2-adrenoceptors are probably only secondary to the lower circulating plasma NA levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E S Werstiuk
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Contreras CM, Beltrán D, Saavedra M, Molina-Hernández M. The combination of several antidepressants is not synergistic on the firing of lateral septal neurons in the rat. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 1995; 19:1157-62. [PMID: 8787039 DOI: 10.1016/0278-5846(95)00233-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
1. Three kinds of antidepressants (clomipramine, sleep deprivation, and electroconvulsive shock) increase the firing rate in the lateral septal neurons of the rat. 2. The acute combination of these treatments, however, did not produce added effects on firing rate of lateral septal neurons in the rat. 3. 24 hours of sleep deprivation blocked the actions of a single electroconvulsive shock. 4. It is concluded that the firstly applied treatment modifies the receptors sensitivity from the very beginning, thus blocking the action of a second treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Contreras
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacologia, Universidad Veracruzana, México
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Garcia E, Sotelo J. Electroconvulsive shock does not modify striatal contents of dopamine in MPTP-treated mice. Neurochem Res 1993; 18:613-6. [PMID: 8474579 DOI: 10.1007/bf00966939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that the therapeutic response to electroconvulsive therapy in depressed patients could be mediated by functional changes in the dopaminergic pathways; a favorable response to electroconvulsive therapy was also observed recently in patients with Parkinson's disease. To study a possible interference of electroconvulsive shock in the course of MPTP-induced parkinsonism in rodents, we measured the striatal content of dopamine in MPTP-treated mice that received electroconvulsive shock at various intervals in the course of MPTP neurotoxicity. Our results showed no immediate or delayed differences in striatal dopamine content of animals that received MPTP and electroconvulsive shock when compared with animals that received only MPTP, thus suggesting that the strong biological effects of MPTP and electroconvulsive shock on the brain may follow different biochemical mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Garcia
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico, D.F
| | | |
Collapse
|