Gigantic osteoma of the mandible: report of a case

Causative effects of cranial depression fractures: A case study of structural violence and social vulnerability within the Mississippi state asylum

Cranial depression fractures (CDFs) are often associated with violence in a forensic and bioarchaeological context. Interpretations of CDFs, using a structural vulnerability framework, allow for examination of possible socioeconomic and sociocultural factors that influence an individual's life history. Placement of CDFs in relation to traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) and their potential connections to structural violence become essential for analysis. This case study presented Burial 49 from the Mississippi State Lunatic Asylum (MSA). Burial 49 was an adult individual (probable male) who exhibited antemortem trauma to the left parietal bone with an associated CDF. The injury location had the potential to cause a variety of neurological and developmental issues, including difficulty understanding spoken/written language. This case study demonstrates how CDFs, structural violence, and social vulnerabilities might have contributed to an increased risk of MSA admittance and provide context for why this individual was marginalized.

Craniofacial Osteomas: From Diagnosis to Therapy

An osteoma is a benign bone lesion with no clear pathogenesis, almost exclusive to the craniofacial area. Osteomas show very slow continuous growth, even in adulthood, unlike other bony lesions. Since these lesions are frequently asymptomatic, the diagnosis is usually made by plain radiography or by a computed tomography (CT) scan performed for other reasons. Rarely, the extensive growth could determine aesthetic or functional problems that vary according to different locations. Radiographically, osteomas appear as radiopaque lesions similar to bone cortex, and may determine bone expansion. Cone beam CT is the optimal imaging modality for assessing the relationship between osteomas and adjacent structures, and for surgical planning. The differential diagnosis includes several inflammatory and tumoral pathologies, but the typical craniofacial location may aid in the diagnosis. Due to the benign nature of osteomas, surgical treatment is limited to symptomatic lesions. Radical surgical resection is the gold standard therapy; it is based on a minimally invasive surgical approach with the aim of achieving an optimal cosmetic result. Reconstructive surgery for an osteoma is quite infrequent and reserved for patients with large central osteomas, such as big mandibular or maxillary lesions. In this regard, computer-assisted surgery guarantees better outcomes, providing the possibility of preoperative simulation of demolitive and reconstructive surgery.

Giant Osteomas: Optimizing Outcomes Through Virtual Planning; a Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature

Osteomas are benign slow-growing tumors of compact or cancellous bone. They are often asymptomatic. However, a rare variety of "giant" osteomas exists, which can reach an impressive size, causing both functional and cosmetic concerns. The location and size of these lesions can make surgical intervention challenging. Here we present 2 cases of giant osteomas in which 3-dimensional planning was of great aid in optimizing functional and esthetic outcomes, and review the literature related to giant osteomas of the mandible.

A giant osteoma of the mandible

An osteoma is a benign, slow growing osteogenic tumor characterized by proliferation of either compact or cancellous bone. It can be central, peripheral or extraskeletal. Clinically osteomas are usually asymptomatic. These lesions often go undetected unless incidentally found on radiographic survey or until they have extended to such an extent that they cause facial asymmetry or functional impairment. The most common site of osteoma to develop in maxillofacial region is skull. Giant osteomas in mandible are rare. We present and discuss a case of giant osteoma of right mandible which was surgically excised.

Benign tumours of the bone: A review

Benign tumours of the bone are not cancerous and would not metastasise to other regions of the body. However, they can occur in any part of the skeleton, and can still be dangerous as they may grow and compress healthy bone tissue. There are several types of benign tumours that can be classified by the type of matrix that the tumour cells produce; such as bone, cartilage, fibrous tissue, fat or blood vessel. Overall, 8 different types can be distinguished: osteochondroma, osteoma, osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, giant cell tumour, aneurysmal bone cyst, fibrous dysplasia and enchondroma.

The incidence of benign bone tumours varies depending on the type. However, they most commonly arise in people less than 30 years old, often triggered by the hormones that stimulate normal growth. The most common type is osteochondroma.

This review discusses the different types of common benign tumours of the bone based on information accumulated from published literature.

Peripheral osteoma of the palate: report of a case and review of literature

Osteomas are benign osteogenic lesions with very slow growth, which may arise from proliferation of either cancellous or compact bone. Peripheral osteomas of maxilla are relatively rare. Excluding the maxillary sinus, there are few cases of maxillary osteoma reported in the English-language literature. This paper reports an additional case of osteoma in the palatal region in a 34-year-old female patient. The aim of this paper is to present an unusual case along with an analysis of the literature in order to contribute to the knowledge concerning the pathogenesis, differential diagnosis, and management of these lesions.

Bone marrow osteoma of the tibia: A case report

In this study, an unusual case of osteoma is presented, whereby a bone marrow osteoma was identified in the tibia. No previous cases of bone marrow osteoma have been reported. In this case, an eight-year-old male presented with discontinuous discomfort in the right distal calf for six months. Radiological examination and computed tomography revealed a radiopaque lesion within the affected bone. A technetium-99m bone scan revealed focally increased uptake in the same region. Together, these observations prior to surgery indicated that the patient may suffer from bone disease. Subsequently, a surgical excision was performed and the biopsy specimen was identified as bone marrow osteoma. Following surgery, the symptoms were eradicated and the prognosis was positive during the 24-month follow-up period. Bone marrow osteoma should be considered when a patient suffers from discontinuous and unexplained limb discomfort.

Solitary Periosteal Osteoma of the Mandible: A case report

Osteoma of the jaw bones is a rare entity with very few cases reported in the literature. Osteomas are benign, slow-growing osteogenic tumours of the bone commonly encountered in the craniofacial skeleton and characterised by the proliferation of compact or cancellous bone. They can be central, peripheral or extra-skeletal in their location. In the facial region, periosteal osteomas occur more frequently in the paranasal sinuses, but solitary periosteal osteomas of the jaw bones are quite rare. The mandible is more commonly affected than the maxilla, with the sites of predilection being the lingual aspect of the body, the angle and the inferior border. We report a case of a solitary periosteal osteoma on the buccal aspect of the mandible in a 42-year-old woman.

Peripheral ivory osteoma of the mandible in a young female patient

Osteoma is an uncommon benign neoplasm composed of mature bone. Growth is slow and continuous and located principally in the cranio-maxillo-facial region, and can be central (endosteal) or peripheral (periosteal). Osteomas can be solitary or multiple masses, and they are generally asymptomatic. We discuss a case of ivory osteoma of the mandible in a 35-year-old female, which was present at the left body of the mandible since she was 10 years old, and was gradually increasing in size. The osteoma was removed surgically through an intraoral approach, and no recurrence was observed.

Two huge maxillofacial osteoma cases evaluated by computed tomography

Osteomas are benign osteogenic neoplasms or hamartomas with a very slow growth rate. Osteoma is the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of the paranasal sinuses. In the jaws, the mandible is more commonly involved than the maxilla. Osteomas may occur at any age, but most frequently are found in individuals older than 40 years. Although most osteomas are small, some may become large enough to cause severe damage, especially those that develop in the frontoethmoid region. Osteomas composed solely of compact bone are uniformly radiopaque and those containing cancellous bone show evidence of internal trabecular structure. To determine and evaluate the exact extension and internal structure of these lesions, computed tomography (CT) is a more useful imaging modality in comparison to conventional radiography. Hereby, we discuss clinical and imaging features of two osteomas (one in the ethmoid sinus and the other in the mandible) along with the main differential diagnoses and pathologic features.

Peripheral osteoma of the maxillofacial region diagnosis and management: a study of 06 cases

BACKGROUND

Osteomas are benign neoplasm often associated with facial asymmetry, pain and surface ulceration. Peripheral osteomas are more common in the cranio-maxillofacial region. It is prevalent at younger age but maximum seen in the sixth decade, with a female to male ratio is 1:2. The aim of this study was to review the clinical presentations and management protocol of such lesions in cranio-maxillofacial region.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The study was conducted at Command Military Dental Centre (EC) during May 2004 to May 2007. Six serving soldiers and their families (four males, two females), age group ranging between 13 and 56 years, mean age 34.5 years were recruited in this study. The tumors were excised using extra oral, intra oral and combined approaches; no complications were reported during post op period.

RESULTS

All the cases were operated under GA through extra oral, intra oral and combined approaches with satisfactory results. HPE report was benign in all our cases with no post operative complications reported during follow up.

CONCLUSION

Cranio-maxillofacial osteomas are exclusively benign tumors and not very common entities. Proper diagnosis and precision management alleviates symptoms without any post surgical complications. In our series of six cases the tumors were diagnosed and managed as per standard surgical protocol with excellent result.

Huge peripheral osteoma of the mandible: a case report and review of the literature

Osteomas are rare benign tumors of bone commonly occurring in the maxillofacial skeleton. In the course of their slow but steady increase in size, osteomas of the maxillofacial bones remain asymptomatic until they attain sufficient sizes as to cause disfigurement and/or direct interference with the normal function of their anatomic location. Here, we report a case of a huge solitary peripheral osteoma of the lingual posterior mandible in a 50-year-old woman who was otherwise in good health. The patient reported at the dental clinic because the lesion interfered with speech, swallowing, and caused occasional gagging. Histological examination confirmed the clinical impression of a peripheral osteoma. Treatment was by surgical excision and histological examination. The patient remains free of recurrence after 5 years.

Peripheral osteoma of the maxilla: report of an unusual case

Peripheral osteomas of the maxilla are relatively rare. A case of a solitary peripheral osteoma of the anterior right maxilla in a 16-year-old girl is presented. The tumor was asymptomatic and was removed via an intraoral approach without any complications. Both hamartomatous and neoplastic factors have been advocated concerning the pathogenesis of such lesions, but no definite conclusion has been reported. Certain features of the case, such as obstruction of the eruption of the permanent canine, displacement of an adjacent tooth, intraoperatively noted infiltration of the interdental bone, and clearly abnormal histological bone structure might support the neoplastic nature of this lesion.

Peripheral osteoma of the mandible: case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUND

Osteoma is a benign often asymptomatic neoplasm, consisting of well-differentiated mature bone. This paper reports a case of peripheral osteoma located in the anterior mandibular region and provides a review of the literature about this lesion in the jaws.

PATIENT AND METHODS

A 43-year-old white woman presented with a swelling in the left mandible of 7 years duration. The English literature was reviewed over the past 76 years and data about location, histopathology and number of the peripheral osteomas, sex, and age of the patients were evaluated.

RESULTS

Data analysis showed 69 well-documented cases of peripheral osteoma. Peripheral osteomas are more frequent in the mandible than the maxilla and the cancellous type was most frequent; males and females are equally affected in the mandible; the age range was 9-85 years.

CONCLUSION

The peripheral type of osteoma is most common in the lower jaws, occurs at the surface of the cortical bone and is sessile or pedicled.

Benign Osteoma With Gardner Syndrome: Review of the Literature and Report of a Case

Gardner syndrome, a variant of familial adenomatous polyposis, is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by gastrointestinal polyps that develop in the colon as well as in the stomach and upper intestine (duodenum), multiple osteomas, and skin and soft tissue tumors. Cutaneous findings include epidermoid cysts, desmoid tumors, and other benign tumors. Polyps have a 100% risk of undergoing malignant transformation; consequently, early identification and therapy of the disease are critical. Osteoma is a benign neoplasm of bone tissue that is characterized by slow continuous growth and is the most common accompanying bone lesion seen in Gardner syndrome. The authors report a case of Gardner syndrome that was operated on because of the mandibular osteoma.

Mandibular and temporomandibular joint arthropathy in the differential diagnosis of the parotid mass

OBJECTIVE

To increase awareness of temporomandibular joint and mandibular disease in the overall evaluation and diagnosis of the parotid mass.

STUDY DESIGN

We describe clinical presentations of pigmented villonodular synovitis and synovial chondrocalcinosis of the temporomandibular joint, as well as osteoma of the mandible, as they may initially suggest primary neoplasms of the parotid gland.

CONCLUSIONS

Preauricular swelling is a common presenting symptom for patients visiting an otolaryngologist. Often this symptom is suggestive of a parotid mass. However, lesions of the temporomandibular joint and mandible may also present in this fashion.

Peripheral osteoma of the mandible: a study of 10 new cases and analysis of the literature

Ten new cases of peripheral osteoma of the mandible are described. These lesions are uncommon and only 15 other cases have been reported in the English language literature over the past 30 years. There is evidence to suggest that the peripheral osteoma of the mandible is a traumatically induced reactive lesion and that muscle traction plays a role in its initiation. In view of this possibility, the term "parosteal osseous hyperplasia" may be more appropriate for those lesions in which a positive history of trauma preceded the onset.