An EEG and behavioural study on the interactions of clonidine with phencyclidine and ketamine in rats

Influence of nimodipine and diltiazem, alone and in combination, on phencyclidine-induced effects in rats: an EEG and behavioural study

The influence of nimodipine and/or diltiazem on the EEG and behavioural effects induced by phencyclidine (PCP) was assessed in adult male Wistar rats. Nimodipine (2 and 10 mg/kg i.p.) and diltiazem (25-100 mg/kg i.p.) significantly potentiated both EEG (increase in background activity voltage, incidence of clustered slow waves) and behavioural (ataxia mean intensity) effects of PCP (5 mg/kg i.p.). A synergistic effect between low, ineffective doses of both nimodipine (0.5 mg/kg i.p.) and diltiazem (5 and 10 mg/kg i.p.) was also found. These data confirm the recent finding of a positive allosteric modulation existing between benzothiazepine (diltiazem) and dihydropyridine (nimodipine) binding sites. They also suggest that the modulation of calcium channels may play a pivotal role in the expression of PCP-induced effects.