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Chen JC, Baumert BO, Li Y, Li Y, Pan S, Robinson S, Rubbo B, Costello E, He J, Hampson H, Beglarian E, Rock S, Goodrich JA, Eckel SP, Aung MT, McConnell R, Conti DV, Chatzi L. Associations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers with oxidative stress markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117308. [PMID: 37813138 PMCID: PMC10841434 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are intentionally produced persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that are resistant to environmental degradation. Previous in-vitro and in-vivo studies have shown that POPs can induce oxidative stress, which is linked to neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. However, findings in epidemiological studies are inconsistent and an evidence synthesis study is lacking to summarize the existing literature and explore research gaps. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the effects of PFAS, PCBs, OCPs, and PBDEs, on oxidative stress biomarkers in epidemiological studies. METHODS A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL to identify all published studies related to POPs and oxidative stress up to December 7th, 2022. We included human observational studies reporting at least one exposure to POPs and an oxidative stress biomarker of interest. Random-effects meta-analyses on standardized regression coefficients and effect direction plots with one-tailed sign tests were used for quantitative synthesis. RESULTS We identified 33 studies on OCPs, 35 on PCBs, 49 on PFAS, and 12 on PBDEs. Meta-analyses revealed significant positive associations of α-HCH with protein carbonyls (0.035 [0.017, 0.054]) and of 4'4-DDE with malondialdehyde (0.121 [0.056, 0.187]), as well as a significant negative association between 2'4-DDE and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (-0.042 [-0.079, -0.004]), all β [95%CI]. Sign tests showed a significant positive association between PCBs and malondialdehyde (pone-tailed = 0.03). Additionally, we found significant negative associations of OCPs with acetylcholine esterase (pone-tailed = 0.02) and paraoxonase-1 (pone-tailed = 0.03). However, there were inconsistent associations of OCPs with superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of OCPs were associated with increased levels of oxidative stress through increased pro-oxidant biomarkers involving protein oxidation, DNA damage, and lipid peroxidation, as well as decreased TAC. These findings have the potential to reveal the underlying mechanisms of POPs toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Carmen Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | - Brittney O Baumert
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yijie Li
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yiping Li
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shudi Pan
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shante Robinson
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Bruna Rubbo
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Elizabeth Costello
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jie He
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Hailey Hampson
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Emily Beglarian
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sarah Rock
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jesse A Goodrich
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sandrah P Eckel
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Max T Aung
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - David V Conti
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lida Chatzi
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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De Tata V, Lorenzini G, Cecchi L, Ciuffi C, Bergamini E. Age-related changes in the urinary excretion of aldehydes in ad libitum fed and food-restricted rats. Exp Gerontol 2001; 36:507-18. [PMID: 11250122 DOI: 10.1016/s0531-5565(00)00259-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Age-related changes in the urinary excretion of aldehydes arising from lipid peroxidation have been investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 2, 4, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 27 months, fed ad libitum or subjected to two different regimens of calorie restriction (namely every-other-day ad libitum feeding--EOD--and 40% calorie restriction--40%DR). For only some age groups, results were compared with those obtained in ad libitum fed male Fisher 344 and Lewis rats. Results show that the urinary excretion of malondialdehyde (MDA) and formaldehyde (FA) significantly decreases, whereas that of propionaldehyde (PROP) progressively increases with age, and that urinary excretion of acetaldehyde (ACT) does not show any significant age-related variations. Dietary restriction significantly increases the urinary levels of MDA, FA and PROP without affecting their age-related modifications, and does not affect ACT urinary excretion. In conclusion, results indicate that the quantitative pattern of aldehyde production and urinary excretion may be altered by the process of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- V De Tata
- Dipartimento di Patologia Sperimentale, Biotecnologie Mediche, Infettivologia e Epidemiologia, Università degli Studi di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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de Zwart LL, Meerman JH, Commandeur JN, Vermeulen NP. Biomarkers of free radical damage applications in experimental animals and in humans. Free Radic Biol Med 1999; 26:202-26. [PMID: 9890655 DOI: 10.1016/s0891-5849(98)00196-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 517] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Free radical damage is an important factor in many pathological and toxicological processes. Despite extensive research efforts in biomarkers in recent years, yielding promising results in experimental animals, there is still a great need for additional research on the applicability of, especially non-invasive, biomarkers of free radical damage in humans. This review gives an overview of the applications in experimental and human situations of four main groups of products resulting from free radical damage, these include: lipid peroxidation products, isoprostanes, DNA-hydroxylation products and protein hydroxylation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L de Zwart
- Leiden-Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Department of Pharmacochemistry, Vrije Universiteit, The Netherlands.
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de Zwart LL, Hermanns RC, Meerman JH, Commandeur JN, Salemink PJ, Vermeulen NP. Evaluation of urinary biomarkers for radical-induced liver damage in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1998; 148:71-82. [PMID: 9465266 DOI: 10.1006/taap.1997.8310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a model compound for inducing free radical damage in liver. In this study 10 biomarkers in rats treated i.p. with three different single doses of CCl4 (0.25, 0.50, and 1.00 ml/kg body wt) were measured dose and time dependently and compared to evaluate these urinary products as noninvasive biomarkers for radical damage. Eight degradation products of lipid peroxides, namely, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, propanal, butanal, pentanal, hexanal, and malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) and coproporphyrin III were measured in this study. As general measures of toxicity, several clinical chemical parameters (n = 12) and histopathological damage were determined. A dose-dependent increase in both the clinical parameters and the lipid degradation products was found. Increases in lipid degradation products were statistically significant at doses of 0.5 and 1 ml/kg CCl4. An increase in these products was already found in the first 12 h after exposure. At the lowest dose, 0.25 ml/kg CCl4, acetaldehyde and propanal already showed a statistically significant increase as well. No change in the urinary levels of 8-OH-dG could be found in this study and a decrease in the urinary excretion of coproporphyrin III was found. It is concluded that 8-OH-dG and coproporphyrin III are not useful biomarkers for radical damage induced by CCl4. Lipid degradation products, however, are promising noninvasive biomarkers for in vivo radical damage, although the precise specificity of these biomarkers for damage induced by radicals needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L de Zwart
- Leiden-Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (LACDR), Department of Pharmacochemistry, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Cadenas S, Rojas C, Méndez J, Herrero A, Barja G. Vitamin E decreases urine lipid peroxidation products in young healthy human volunteers under normal conditions. PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY 1996; 79:247-53. [PMID: 8936558 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1996.tb00268.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
An experimental study on the effects of supplementation with antioxidant vitamins on urine lipid peroxidation products was performed in 21 young healthy men. The subjects ingested placebo, 1 g of vitamin C, or 100 mg of vitamin E per day just after the midday meal during 30 days. Urine samples were obtained 0, 15 and 30 days after the beginning of the study. These samples were analyzed by spectrophotometry or fluorometry after reaction with thiobarbituric acid. Prescan fluorometric studies of the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in both malondialdehyde standards and urine samples indicated 503 nm and 548 nm as optimum excitation and emission wavelengths. The fluorescence measurements proved to be superior both in terms of selectivity and capacity of detection of antioxidant effects in relation to spectrophotometry. Identical emission peaks were obtained with malondialdehyde standards and urine samples, showing the specificity of the fluorometric method. When measured by fluorometry, the urine of the subjects supplemented with vitamin E showed significantly and progressively smaller lipid peroxidation products as the time of supplementation increased, reaching a 27% decrease at the end of the longitudinal trial. The results indicate the usefulness of the fluorescent measurement of urine thiobarbituric acid reactive substances to easily and rapidly detect variations in whole body oxidative stress in humans. They also show the capacity of safe vitamin E dietary doses to decrease endogenous oxidative stress in healthy humans routinely performing their normal activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cadenas
- Department of Animal Biology-II (Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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Bagchi M, Ghosh S, Bagchi D, Hassoun E, Stohs SJ. Protective effects of lazaroid U74389F (16-desmethyl tirilazad) on endrin-induced lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in brain and liver and regional distribution of catalase activity in rat brain. Free Radic Biol Med 1995; 19:867-72. [PMID: 8582661 DOI: 10.1016/0891-5849(95)00088-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Endrin, a poly-halogenated cyclic hydrocarbon, induces hepatic lipid peroxidation, modulates calcium homeostasis, decreases membrane fluidity, and increases nuclear DNA damage. Little information is available on the neurotoxicity of endrin. The effects of endrin on lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and regional distribution of catalase activity were assessed in rat brain and liver 24 h following an acute oral dose of 4.5 mg endrin/kg. Lipid peroxidation associated with whole brain mitochondria increased 2.4-fold, whereas microsomal lipid peroxidation increased 2.8-fold following endrin administration. Lipid peroxidation also increased 2.0-fold both in hepatic mitochondria and microsomes. Catalase activity decreased 24% in the hypothalamus, 23% in the cortex, 38% in the cerebellum, and 11% in the brain stem in response to endrin. A 4.3-fold increase in brain nuclear DNA-single strand breaks (SSB) was observed in endrin-treated rats. Pretreatment of rats intraperitoneally with the lazaroid U74389F (16-desmethyl tirilazad) (10 mg/kg in two doses) attenuated the biochemical consequences of endrin-induced oxidative stress. The administration of U74389F in citrate buffer (pH 3.8) provided better protection than administering the lazaroid in corn oil, decreasing endrin-induced lipid peroxidation by 50-80% and DNA-SSB by approximately 72% in liver and 85% in brain, while ameliorating the suppressed catalase activity. The data suggest an involvement of an oxidative stress in the neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity induced by endrin, which can be attenuated by the lazaroid U74389F.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bagchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, Creighton University Health Sciences Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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Kinter M. Analytical technologies for lipid oxidation products analysis. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS 1995; 671:223-36. [PMID: 8520693 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(95)00189-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Productive investigation of the contribution of oxidative stress to human disease is facilitated by the design and application of suitable analytical technologies for oxidation product analysis. Lipid oxidation, including polyunsaturated fatty acid and cholesterol oxidation, produces a variety of products that can function as indexes of the extent of oxidation. These products include fatty acid hydroperoxides and hydroxides, aldehydes, prostanoids, hydrocarbons, and cholesterol hydroperoxides and hydroxides, epoxides, and carbonyls. Some of these oxidation products have biological activities that can contribute to tissue damage in unique ways. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art for chromatographic analysis of these products through a discussion of advances that have taken place since 1990.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kinter
- Department of Microbiology, University of Virginia, Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville 22908, USA
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