Hypothyroid induced hypometabolic state as a possible diagnostic and therapeutic maneuver

Endocrine implications of human immunodeficiency virus infection

Endocrine abnormalities occur frequently in HIV-infected patients. Although the majority of endocrine disorders reflect chronic infection, stress, and malnutrition, some disorders are characteristic of HIV infection or AIDS and deserve particular clinical attention. Identification of HIV patients at risk of frank endocrine disorders, rapid and correct diagnosis, and appropriate management are essential steps to minimize morbidity and mortality. Finally, increasing evidence from in vitro studies suggests that various hormones may influence HIV replication as well as the course of HIV disease and associated disorders. Future studies on the molecular mechanisms of hormones on HIV action and clinical studies on the effects of hormones as adjunctives to established forms of therapy may stimulate development of novel therapeutic strategies that will benefit HIV-infected patients.

Diseased cells and pH

Diseased cells may alter their intracellular pH. This could explain such diverse activities as resistance to hormones, resistance to medications, and preferential metastasis to the same locations.