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Herdt AR, Peng H, Dickson DW, Golde TE, Eckman EA, Lee CW. Brain Targeted AAV1-GALC Gene Therapy Reduces Psychosine and Extends Lifespan in a Mouse Model of Krabbe Disease. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1517. [PMID: 37628569 PMCID: PMC10454254 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Krabbe disease (KD) is a progressive and devasting neurological disorder that leads to the toxic accumulation of psychosine in the white matter of the central nervous system (CNS). The condition is inherited via biallelic, loss-of-function mutations in the galactosylceramidase (GALC) gene. To rescue GALC gene function in the CNS of the twitcher mouse model of KD, an adeno-associated virus serotype 1 vector expressing murine GALC under control of a chicken β-actin promoter (AAV1-GALC) was administered to newborn mice by unilateral intracerebroventricular injection. AAV1-GALC treatment significantly improved body weight gain and survival of the twitcher mice (n = 8) when compared with untreated controls (n = 5). The maximum weight gain after postnatal day 10 was significantly increased from 81% to 217%. The median lifespan was extended from 43 days to 78 days (range: 74-88 days) in the AAV1-GALC-treated group. Widespread expression of GALC protein and alleviation of KD neuropathology were detected in the CNS of the treated mice when examined at the moribund stage. Functionally, elevated levels of psychosine were completely normalized in the forebrain region of the treated mice. In the posterior region, which includes the mid- and the hindbrain, psychosine was reduced by an average of 77% (range: 53-93%) compared to the controls. Notably, psychosine levels in this region were inversely correlated with body weight and lifespan of AAV1-GALC-treated mice, suggesting that the degree of viral transduction of posterior brain regions following ventricular injection determined treatment efficacy on growth and survivability, respectively. Overall, our results suggest that viral vector delivery via the cerebroventricular system can partially correct psychosine accumulation in brain that leads to slower disease progression in KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee R. Herdt
- Biomedical Research Institute of New Jersey, Cedar Knolls, NJ 07927, USA (E.A.E.)
- MidAtlantic Neonatology Associates (MANA), Morristown, NJ 07960, USA
- Atlantic Health System, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA
| | - Hui Peng
- Biomedical Research Institute of New Jersey, Cedar Knolls, NJ 07927, USA (E.A.E.)
- MidAtlantic Neonatology Associates (MANA), Morristown, NJ 07960, USA
- Atlantic Health System, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA
| | - Dennis W. Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Todd E. Golde
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Emory Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Eckman
- Biomedical Research Institute of New Jersey, Cedar Knolls, NJ 07927, USA (E.A.E.)
- MidAtlantic Neonatology Associates (MANA), Morristown, NJ 07960, USA
- Atlantic Health System, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA
| | - Chris W. Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute of New Jersey, Cedar Knolls, NJ 07927, USA (E.A.E.)
- MidAtlantic Neonatology Associates (MANA), Morristown, NJ 07960, USA
- Atlantic Health System, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA
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Wang F, Wang Y, Wan Z, Shao H, Qian K, Ye J, Qin A. Generation of a recombinant chickenized monoclonal antibody against the neuraminidase of H9N2 avian influenza virus. AMB Express 2020; 10:151. [PMID: 32816156 PMCID: PMC7441100 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-01086-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported a monoclonal antibody (mAb), 1G8, against the neuraminidase (NA) of H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) with significant NA inhibitory activity. To generate a recombinant chickenized mAb (RCmAb) against the NA of H9N2 AIV for passive immunization in poultry, the gene of the fragment of antigen binding (Fab) of mAb 1G8 was cloned and fused with the fragment crystallizable (Fc) gene of chicken IgY. The RCmAb 1G8 was expressed in COS-1 cells and could be detected in cell culture supernatant. The results of NA inhibitory activity tests of the RCmAb 1G8 in an enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA) and a microneutralization (MN) assay showed that the RCmAb 1G8 maintained significant NA inhibitory activity and neutralizing ability. This is the first chickenized antibody against AIV, which would be a good candidate for passive immunization in poultry.
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Expression, Purification, and Partial In Vitro Characterization of Biologically Active Human Coagulation Factor VIII Light Chain (A3-C1-C2) in Pichia pastoris. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 171:10-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0338-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Optimizing the transient transfection process of HEK-293 suspension cells for protein production by nucleotide ratio monitoring. Cytotechnology 2013; 66:493-514. [PMID: 23775287 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-013-9601-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Large scale, transient gene expression (TGE) is highly dependent of the physiological status of a cell line. Therefore, intracellular nucleotide pools and ratios were used for identifying and monitoring the optimal status of a suspension cell line used for TGE. The transfection efficiency upon polyethyleneimine (PEI)-mediated transient gene delivery into HEK-293 cells cultured in suspension was investigated to understand the effect of different culture and transfection conditions as well as the significance of the culture age and the quality of the cell line used. Based on two different bicistronic model plasmids expressing the human erythropoietin gene (rHuEPO) in the first position and green fluorescent protein as reporter gene in the second position and vice versa, a completely serum-free transient transfection process was established. The process makes use of a 1:1 mixture of a special calcium-free DMEM and the FreeStyle™ 293 Expression Medium. Maximum transfectability was achieved by adjusting the ratio for complex formation to one mass part of DNA and three parts of PEI corresponding to an N/P (nitrogen residues/DNA phosphates) ratio of 23 representing a minimum amount of DNA for the polycation-mediated gene delivery. Applying this method, maximum transfectabilities between 70 and 96 % and a rHuEPO concentration of 1.6 μg mL(-1) 72 h post transfection were reached, when rHuEPO gene was expressed from the first position of the bicistronic mRNA. This corresponded to 10 % of the total protein concentration in the cell-free supernatant of the cultures in protein-free medium. Up to 30 % higher transfectabilities were found for cells of early passages compared to those from late passages under protein-free culture conditions. In contrast, when the same cells were propagated in serum-containing medium, higher transfectabilities were found for late-passage cells, while up to 40 % lower transfectabilities were observed for early-passage cells. Nucleotide pools were measured during all cell cultivations and the nucleoside triphosphate/uridine ratios were calculated. These 'nucleotide ratios' changed in an age-dependent manner and could be used to distinguish early- from late-passage cells. The observed effects were also dependent on the presence of serum in the culture. Nucleotide ratios were shown being applied to investigate the optimal passage number of cultured cell lines for achieving a maximum productivity in cultures used for transient gene expression. Furthermore, these nucleotide ratios proved to be different for transfected and untransfected cells, providing a high potential tool to monitor the status of transfection under various culture conditions.
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Hobson-Peters J, Shan J, Hall R, Toye P. Mammalian expression of functional autologous red cell agglutination reagents for use in diagnostic assays. J Virol Methods 2010; 168:177-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2010] [Revised: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Reflections on more than 10 years of TGE approaches. Protein Expr Purif 2009; 64:99-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2008.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2008] [Revised: 10/21/2008] [Accepted: 10/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Pham PL, Kamen A, Durocher Y. Large-scale transfection of mammalian cells for the fast production of recombinant protein. Mol Biotechnol 2007; 34:225-37. [PMID: 17172668 DOI: 10.1385/mb:34:2:225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/1999] [Revised: 11/30/1999] [Accepted: 11/30/1999] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant proteins (r-proteins) are increasingly important in fundamental research and for clinical applications. As many of these r-proteins are of human or animal origin, cultivated mammalian cells are the host of choice to ensure their functional folding and proper posttranslational modifications. Large-scale transfection of human embryonic kidney 293 or Chinese hamster ovary cells is now an established technology that can be used in the production of hundreds of milligram to gram quantities of a r-protein in less than 1 mo from cloning of its cDNA. This chapter aims to provide an overview of large-scale transfection technology with a particular emphasis on calcium phosphate and polyethylenimine-mediated gene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Lan Pham
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Vétérinaire et Alimentaire, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, CP5000, Sainte-Hyacinthe (Québec) J2S 7C6, Canada
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Geisse S, Henke M. Large-scale Transient Transfection of Mammalian Cells: A Newly Emerging Attractive Option for Recombinant Protein Production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 6:165-70. [PMID: 16211514 DOI: 10.1007/s10969-005-2826-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2004] [Accepted: 02/15/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian expression systems have an undisputed long-standing and very successful history for the generation of recombinant proteins, mainly as biopharmaceuticals. However, for use as 'tool proteins' in, e.g. assay development and screening, for structure elucidation and as antigens these expression systems were generally regarded as being cumbersome, tedious and expensive. This bias has largely been overcome with the very recent development of large-scale transient transfection (LST) approaches. Especially the HEK.EBNA expression system described here has contributed significantly to this success. The simplicity and speed of this approach compares well with expression trials using the widely applied Baculovirus/insect cell system. In addition, proteins generated in mammalian cells are usually correctly folded, fully processed and functionally active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Geisse
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Discovery Technologies/Biomolecules Production, 4002, Basel, Switzerland.
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Blazek D, Celer V. The production and application of single-chain antibody fragments. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2003; 48:687-98. [PMID: 14976730 DOI: 10.1007/bf02993480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses methods for the single-chain antibody fragment ($cFv) generation and scFv expression systems, and describes potential applications of scFv in the therapy of viral diseases and cancer, with emphasis on intracellularly expressed scFvs (intrabodies), application of scFvs in detection and diagnostics, and their use in proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Blazek
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary and Pharmaceutical University, 612 42 Brno, Czechia
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Daly SJ, Dillon PP, Brennan J, Dunne L, Fitzpatrick J, O'Kennedy R. PRODUCTION AND ANALYTICAL APPLICATIONS OF scFv ANTIBODY FRAGMENTS. ANAL LETT 2001. [DOI: 10.1081/al-100106113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- S Geisse
- Novartis Pharma Inc., Basel, Switzerland
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Gram H, Schmitz R, Ridder R. Secretion of scFv antibody fragments. Methods Mol Biol 1998; 103:179-92. [PMID: 9680640 DOI: 10.1385/0-89603-421-6:179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Gram
- Department of Drug Metabolism, Parmacokinetics, and Preclinical Research, Sandoz Pharma, Basel, Switzerland
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Verma R, Boleti E, George AJ. Antibody engineering: comparison of bacterial, yeast, insect and mammalian expression systems. J Immunol Methods 1998; 216:165-81. [PMID: 9760222 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1759(98)00077-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Engineered antibody molecules, and their fragments, are being increasingly exploited as scientific and clinical tools. However, one factor that can limit the applicability of this technology is the ability to express large amounts of active protein. In this review we describe the relative advantages and disadvantages of bacterial, yeast, insect and mammalian expression systems, and discuss some of the problems that can be encountered when using them. There is no 'universal' expression system, that can guarantee high yields of recombinant product, as every antibody-based molecule will pose its own problems in terms of expression. As a result the choice of system will depend on many factors, including the molecular species being expressed, the precise sequence of the individual antibody and the preferences of the individual investigator. However, there are general rules with regards to the design of expression vectors and systems which will help the investigator to make informed choices as to which strategy might be appropriate for their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Verma
- Department of Immunology, Division of Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
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Norderhaug L, Olafsen T, Michaelsen TE, Sandlie I. Versatile vectors for transient and stable expression of recombinant antibody molecules in mammalian cells. J Immunol Methods 1997; 204:77-87. [PMID: 9202712 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1759(97)00034-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We have developed new cassette expression vectors for the cloning of any intact V-region gene followed by any C-region gene. Both the heavy-and light chain vectors harbor a strong hCMV promoter, restriction site cassettes for cloning of both V- and C-region genes, transcription termination signals, fl-ori for single stranded DNA (ssDNA) synthesis, selection marker for Neomycin and SV40 ori for transient expression. The vectors accept VH and VL chain genes obtained by RT-PCR. Reamplification of the V genes is then performed with a new set of primers which are designed specifically for each individual V gene. Cloning into the vectors is aided by restriction sites located just outside the V-gene coding region, thus keeping the V-genes intact. The vectors also contain cloning sites for the exchange of genomic C-genes so that the resulting Ig genes may code for complete antibodies, antibody fragments or fusion proteins. A simple subcloning step permits the expression of both heavy and light chain genes from one single vector, thus avoiding co-transfection of the two vectors. The usefulness of the vectors was confirmed by construction of mouse-human chimeric antibodies. The V-genes were derived from a hybridoma cell line, TP-3, and was combined with human C kappa, C gamma 3 and C gamma 1 genes as well as with CH1 gamma 3. High yields of recombinant antibody products in NSO cells were obtained. Transient expression was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Norderhaug
- Department of Vaccinology, National Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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