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Hamza A, Zahran N, Shafeay NE. The lethal and sterile doses of gamma radiation on the museums pest, varied carpet beetle, Anthrenus verbasci (Coleoptera: Dermestidae). Sci Rep 2023; 13:16984. [PMID: 37813895 PMCID: PMC10562369 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43739-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Museums preserve historical cultural artifacts and serve as an essential resource for current and future generations seeking first-hand knowledge about the diversity of life on Earth. However, significant changes in climate from temperature and humidity cause serious biotic degradation. Despite ongoing insect control treatments, insect pests are still a major problem for museums due to the lack of suitable and unsafe environments that are provided for the storage and display of the collection. The varied carpet beetle, Anthrenus verbasci (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) is one of the major stored product pests whose larvae cause serious damage to household items and museum specimens. Therefore, this research aims to study the effect of gamma radiation on the larval, pupal and adult stages. The effects of gamma radiation have been studied on 3rd instar larvae (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 Gy). The results showed that mortality in the larval stage significantly increased with increasing gamma radiation dose, which was reflected in the eclosion of the adult stage. The exposure of one-day-old pupae to 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 Gy of gamma radiation showed that the higher the dose, the lower the percentage of adult emergence. Additionally, there was a significant increase in the percentage of mortality in A. verbasci adults with increasing radiation doses when the newly emerged adults were irradiated with 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 Gy. The LD50 and LD90 of gamma radiation doses on larvae, pupae and adults were calculated, and the malformations in all stages were photographed. The fecundity and fertility of A. verbasci adults that were exposed to radiation as one-day-old pupae decreased gradually with increasing doses of gamma radiation and reached 100% sterility when exposed to a dose of 150 Gy. Among all the treatments, the sterile dose (150 Gy) or lethal dose (1000 Gy) showed superior performance over other treatments and was adjudged as the best treatments, which prevented the subsequent development and complete mortality of the pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hamza
- Department of Natural Products Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagwan Zahran
- Department of Natural Products Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Nagwa El Shafeay
- Center of Researches and Conservation of Antiquities, Ministry of Antiquities, Cairo, Egypt
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Sun C, Shabbir S, Wang W, Gao Y, Ge C, Lin Q. Transcriptome Analysis Revealed Genes Related to γ-Irradiation Induced Emergence Failure in Third-Instar Larvae of Bactrocera dorsalis. INSECTS 2022; 13:1017. [PMID: 36354841 PMCID: PMC9699437 DOI: 10.3390/insects13111017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The oriental fruit fly is a polyphagous and highly invasive economically important pest in the world. We proposed the hypothesis that radiation treatment influence RNA expression in the larvae and leads to emergence failure. Therefore, transcriptome analyses of third-instar larvae of B. dorsalis ionizing, irradiated with 60Co-γ at 116Gy, were conducted and compared with the controls; a total of 608 DEGs were identified, including 348 up-regulated genes and 260 down-regulated ones. In addition, 130 SNPs in 125 unigenes were identified. For the DEGs, the most significantly enriched GO item was hemolymph coagulation, and some of the enriched pathways were involved in digestive processes. The subsequent validation experiment confirmed the differential expression of six genes, including sqd, ENPEP, Jhe, mth, Notch, and Ugt. Additionally, the 3401:G->A SNP in the Notch gene was also successfully validated. According to previous research, this was the first comparative transcriptome study to discover the candidate genes involved in insect molt to pupae. These results not only deepen our understanding of the emerging mechanism of B. dorsalis but also provide new insights into the research of biomarkers for quarantine insect treatment with the appropriate dose of radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- Guizhou Medical University (GMU), Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Samina Shabbir
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- Zanyu Technology Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Cuicui Ge
- Zhejiang Gongzheng Testing Centre Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Qingsheng Lin
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Nasr GM, Taha EKA, Hamza AM, Negm EA, Eryan NL, Noureldeen A, Darwish H, Zayed MS, Elnabawy ESM. Gamma Radiation: An Eco-Friendly Control Method for the Rice Weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11091295. [PMID: 36138774 PMCID: PMC9495983 DOI: 10.3390/biology11091295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.), is the most destructive insect pest of stored cereals worldwide. The current study was conducted to determine the lethal, reproductive, and histological effects of gamma irradiation on S. oryzae adults. In addition, the impact on germination, chlorophyll, and proline content in wheat seedlings from treated grains was determined. Wheat grains were infested with rice weevil adults and then irradiated by gamma rays. Gamma radiation was applied at a dosage of 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.00 kGy. Mortality percentage and LD50 were recorded after 48, 72, 96, and 120 h of treatment. The dosage of 1.00 kGy caused 100% mortality after 96 h of irradiation. The required dosage of gamma radiation to kill 50% (LD50) of adults after 48 h was 1.51 kGy. All tested doses caused complete sterility to 24 h old adults. A histological alteration was noticed at a dosage of 1.00 kGy, which showed cytoplasmic vacuolization, tissues exhibiting signs of putrefaction, and necrosis of cells; furthermore, gamma irradiation affected chlorophyll a and b. The highest amounts were detected in wheat seedlings from grains irradiated at 0.10 kGy. There was a significant increase in plant proline content at the higher doses (0.50 and 1.00 kGy) compared with seedlings from nonirradiated grains. It could be concluded that gamma radiation can be used as an eco-friendly trend to control stored-product pests without any residual effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- George M. Nasr
- Agricultural Research Center, Plant Protection Research Institute, Stored Product Pests Department, Sakha, Kafrelsheikh 12611, Egypt
| | - El-Kazafy A. Taha
- Department of Economic Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
- Correspondence: (E.-K.A.T.); (E.-S.M.E.)
| | - Amal M. Hamza
- Agricultural Research Center, Plant Protection Research Institute, Stored Product Pests Department, Sakha, Kafrelsheikh 12611, Egypt
| | - Eslam A. Negm
- Agricultural Research Center, Plant Protection Research Institute, Stored Product Pests Department, Sakha, Kafrelsheikh 12611, Egypt
| | - Nevein L. Eryan
- Agricultural Research Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Crop Physiological Research Department, Sakha, Kafrelsheikh 12611, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Noureldeen
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadeer Darwish
- Biotechnology Department, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Zayed
- Department of Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta 34517, Egypt
| | - El-Said M. Elnabawy
- Department of Economic Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
- Correspondence: (E.-K.A.T.); (E.-S.M.E.)
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Paithankar JG, Ghodke TS, Patil RK. Insight into the evolutionary profile of radio-resistance among insects having intrinsically evolved defence against radiation toxicity. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 98:1012-1024. [PMID: 33264042 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1859153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) has wide-ranging applications in various fields. In agriculture, pest control is one of the important applications, because insect pests have become a threat to the global agriculture industry. IR are used routinely to prevent crop loss and to protect stored food commodities. Radio-sterilization and disinfestation treatments are commonly used procedures for insect pest control. From various studies on insect radio-sterilization and disinfestation, it has been established that compared to vertebrates' insects have high levels of radiation resistance. Therefore, to achieve adequate radio-sterilization/disinfestation; exposure to high doses of IR is necessary. However, studies over decades made a presumption that radiation resistance is general among insects. Recent studies have shown that some insect orders are having high IR resistance and some insect orders are sensitive to IR. These studies have clarified that radiation resistance is not uniform throughout insect class. The present review is an attempt to insight at the evolutionary profile of insect species studied for radio-sterilization and disinfestation treatment and are having the trait of radio-resistance. From various studies on insect radiation resistance and after phylogenetic analysis of insect species it appears that the evolutionary near species have drastically different levels of radio-resistance and trait of radiation resistance appears to be independent of insect evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagdish Gopal Paithankar
- Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Tanhaji Sandu Ghodke
- Centre for Applications of Radioisotopes and Radiation Technology (CARRT), Mangalore University, Mangalore, India.,Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalore, India
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Kiran R, Shenoy KB, Venkatesha MG. Effect of gamma radiation as a post-harvest disinfestation treatment against life stages of the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:1301-1308. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1619950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Kiran
- Department of Zoology, Insect Science Laboratory, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, India
| | - K. Bhasker Shenoy
- Department of Applied Zoology, CARRT, Mangalore University, Mangaluru, India
| | - Melally G. Venkatesha
- Department of Zoology, Insect Science Laboratory, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, India
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Parisot F, Bourdineaud JP, Plaire D, Adam-Guillermin C, Alonzo F. DNA alterations and effects on growth and reproduction in Daphnia magna during chronic exposure to gamma radiation over three successive generations. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 163:27-36. [PMID: 25840277 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study examined chronic effects of external Cs-137 gamma radiation on Daphnia magna exposed over three successive generations (F0, F1 and F2) to environmentally relevant dose rates (ranging from 0.007 to 35.4 mGy h(-1)). Investigated endpoints included survival, growth, reproduction and DNA alterations quantified using random-amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR). Results demonstrated that radiation effects on survival, growth and reproduction increased in severity from generation F0 to generation F2. Mortality after 21 days at 35.4 mGy h(-1) increased from 20% in F0 to 30% in F2. Growth was affected by a slight reduction in maximum length at 35.4 mGy h(-1) in F0 and by reductions of 5 and 13% in growth rate, respectively, at 4.70 and 35.4 mGy h(-1) in F2. Reproduction was affected by a reduction of 19% in 21 day-fecundity at 35.4 mGy h(-1) in F0 and by a delay of 1.9 days in brood release as low as 0.070 mGy h(-1) in F2. In parallel, DNA alterations became significant at decreasing dose rates over the course of F0 (from 4.70 mGy h(-1) at hatching to 0.007 mGy h(-1) after ∼21 days) and from F0 to F2 (0.070 mGy h(-1) at hatching to 0.007 mGy h(-1) after ∼21 days), demonstrating their rapid accumulation in F0 daphnids and their transmission to offspring generations. Transiently more efficient DNA repair leading to some recovery at the organism level was suggested in F1, with no effect on survival, a slight reduction of 12% in 21 day-fecundity at 35.4 mGy h(-1) and DNA alterations significant at highest dose rates only. The study improved our understanding of long term responses to low doses of radiation at the molecular and organismic levels in a non-human species for a better radioprotection of aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Parisot
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, St Paul-lez-Durance 13115, France
| | - Jean-Paul Bourdineaud
- UMR 5805 EPOC - OASU, Station marine d'Arcachon, Université Bordeaux 1, Arcachon 33120, France
| | - Delphine Plaire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, St Paul-lez-Durance 13115, France
| | - Christelle Adam-Guillermin
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, St Paul-lez-Durance 13115, France
| | - Frédéric Alonzo
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, St Paul-lez-Durance 13115, France.
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Won EJ, Lee JS. Gamma radiation induces growth retardation, impaired egg production, and oxidative stress in the marine copepod Paracyclopina nana. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 150:17-26. [PMID: 24632311 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Accidental nuclear radioisotope release into the ocean from nuclear power plants is of concern due to ecological and health risks. In this study, we used the marine copepod Paracyclopina nana to examine the effects of radioisotopes on marine organisms upon gamma radiation, and to measure the effects on growth and fecundity, which affect population and community structure. Upon gamma radiation, mortality (LD50 - 96 h=172 Gy) in P. nana was significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner in ovigerous P. nana females. For developmental impairment of gamma-irradiated nauplii, we observed growth retardation; in over 30 Gy-irradiated groups, offspring did not grow to adults. Particularly, over 50 Gy-irradiated ovigerous P. nana females did not have normal bilateral egg sacs, and their offspring did not develop normally to adulthood. Additionally, at over 30 Gy, we found dose-dependent increases in oxidative levels with elevated antioxidant enzyme activities and DNA repair activities. These findings indicate that gamma radiation can induce oxidative stress and DNA damage with growth retardation and impaired reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Won
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea.
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