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Moily NS, Kota LN, Anjanappa RM, Venugopal S, Vaidyanathan R, Pal P, Purushottam M, Jain S, Kandasamy M. Trinucleotide repeats and haplotypes at the huntingtin locus in an Indian sample overlaps with European haplogroup a. PLOS CURRENTS 2014; 6:ecurrents.hd.a3ad1a381ab1eed117675145318c9a80. [PMID: 25642374 PMCID: PMC4205232 DOI: 10.1371/currents.hd.a3ad1a381ab1eed117675145318c9a80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD), an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative syndrome, has a world-wide distribution. An estimated 2.5-10/100,000 people of European ancestry are affected with HD, while the Asian populations have lower prevalence (0.6-3.8/100,000). The epidemiology of HD is not well described in India, and the distribution of the pathogenic CAG expansion, and the associated haplotype, in this population needs to be better understood. This study demonstrates a distribution of CAG repeats, at the HTT locus, comparable to the European population in both normal and HD affected chromosomes. Further, we provide an evidence for similarity of the HD halpotype in Indian sample to the European HD haplogroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaraj S Moily
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne,Australia
| | - Lakshmi Narayanan Kota
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Ram Murthy Anjanappa
- Human Molecular Genetics, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore, India
| | - Sowmya Venugopal
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Radhika Vaidyanathan
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Pramod Pal
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Meera Purushottam
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Sanjeev Jain
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Mahesh Kandasamy
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
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Reid E, Morrison N, Barron L, Boyd E, Cooke A, Fielding D, Tolmie JL. Familial Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome resulting from a cryptic translocation: a clinical and molecular study. J Med Genet 1996; 33:197-202. [PMID: 8728691 PMCID: PMC1051867 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.33.3.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We present three cousins who have normal karyotypes, despite having clinical features of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation techniques confirmed that all three relatives were monosomic for the distal short arm of chromosome 4 and that a cryptic translocation involving chromosomes 4 and 11 was segregating within the family. Segregation analysis indicated that the risk of an affected child being born to a parent carrying the translocation was 15%. Molecular analysis showed that loci D4S111 and D4S115 were not deleted in the proband, thus excluding these loci from the "Wolf-Hirschhorn critical region". Surprisingly, DNA studies also suggested that the translocation breakpoint on chromosome 4 was within the region of a preexisting paracentric inversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Reid
- Duncan Guthrie Institute of Medical Genetics, Yorkhill NHS Trust, Glasgow, UK
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Stoilov I, Kilpatrick MW, Tsipouras P. A common FGFR3 gene mutation is present in achondroplasia but not in hypochondroplasia. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1995; 55:127-33. [PMID: 7702086 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320550132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Achondroplasia is the most common type of genetic dwarfism. It is characterized by disproportionate short stature and other skeletal anomalies resulting from a defect in the maturation of the chondrocytes in the growth plate of the cartilage. Recent studies mapped the achondroplasia gene on chromosome region 4p16.3 and identified a common mutation in the gene encoding the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3). In an analysis of 19 achondroplasia families from a variety of ethnic backgrounds we confirmed the presence of the G380R mutation in 21 of 23 achondroplasia chromosomes studied. In contrast, the G380R mutation was not found in any of the 8 hypochondroplasia chromosomes studied. Furthermore, linkage studies in a 3-generation family with hypochondroplasia show discordant segregation with markers in the 4p16.3 region suggesting that at least some cases of hypochondroplasia are caused by mutations in a gene other than FGFR3.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Stoilov
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06030, USA
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4
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Honda K, Nakatome M, Islam MN, Bai H, Ogura Y, Kuroki H, Yamazaki M, Terada M, Wakasugi C. Amplification and detection of the VNTR locus D4S95 in a Japanese population. Int J Legal Med 1995; 108:43-4. [PMID: 7495687 DOI: 10.1007/bf01845617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The D4S95-VNTR locus was amplified and the polymorphism analysed in a population sample of 169 randomly selected Japanese individuals. A total of 14 alleles containing 850-1360 base pairs were distinguished by agarose gel electrophoresis. The distribution of alleles was symmetrical with respect to one peak at 1030 bp. The mean exclusion chance and discrimination power were calculated as 0.604 and 0.876 respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Honda
- Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka University Medical School, Japan
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Velinov M, Slaugenhaupt SA, Stoilov I, Scott CI, Gusella JF, Tsipouras P. The gene for achondroplasia maps to the telomeric region of chromosome 4p. Nat Genet 1994; 6:314-7. [PMID: 8012397 DOI: 10.1038/ng0394-314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Achondroplasia is the most common type of genetic dwarfism. It is characterized by disproportionate short stature and other skeletal anomalies resulting from a defect in the maturation of the chondrocytes in the growth plate of the cartilage. We have now mapped the achondroplasia gene near the telomere of the short arm of chromosome 4 (4p16.3), by family linkage studies using 14 pedigrees. A positive lod score of z = 3.35 with no recombinants was obtained with an intragenic marker for IDUA. This localization will facilitate the positional cloning of the disease gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Velinov
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06030
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