1
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Eaton S. Neonatal sepsis – Pathology and clinical signs. EQUINE VET EDUC 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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2
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Devery S, Dixon C. Update on neonatal encephalopathy in foals. IN PRACTICE 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/inpr.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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3
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Conze TM, Falkenau A, Goehring LS, May A. Complete AV block in a neonatal foal suffering from nutritional myodegeneration. EQUINE VET EDUC 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. M. Conze
- Equine Hospital Ludwig‐Maximilians University Munich Munich Germany
| | - A. Falkenau
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology Ludwig‐Maximilians University, Munich Munich Germany
| | - L. S. Goehring
- Equine Hospital Ludwig‐Maximilians University Munich Munich Germany
| | - A. May
- Equine Hospital Ludwig‐Maximilians University Munich Munich Germany
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4
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Paruch L, Paruch AM. Molecular Identification of Infectious Enteropathogens in Faeces of Healthy Horses. Microbiol Insights 2022; 15:11786361221089005. [PMID: 35431557 PMCID: PMC9008849 DOI: 10.1177/11786361221089005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Zoogenic faecal contamination of the environment is one of the indices included
in the evaluation of ecological threats, health hazards and adverse impacts on
various ecosystems. The risks and environmental concerns are associated with the
fact that faeces of wild and domesticated animals constitute the largest source
of environmental loading of enteropathogens associated with transmission of
zoonotic diseases (enteric zoonoses). Although sick animals are more likely to
transmit pathogens, healthy ones can also be the carriers and defecate them into
the environment. This is of particular importance given the close human-animal
interactions and health effects resulting from human and ecological exposures to
faecal hazards from companion and farm animals. We have therefore set out to
investigate whether healthy equines can carry and defecate human infectious
pathogens. For this purpose, we set up a pilot study to examine the faecal DNA
of horses using culture-independent molecular diagnostics – fluorescent
probe-based quantitative real-time PCR. Our results revealed that among a total
of 23 horses, 6 were found to carry Campylobacter jejuni
(C. jejuni), and 5 had Salmonella enterica
serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium). Moreover,
Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) was
found in 14 horses, while 19 were positive for Clostridium
perfringens (C. perfringens). Furthermore, the
frequently reported protozoan parasites in livestock, Cryptosporidium
parvum (C. parvum) and Giardia
lamblia (G. lamblia), were discovered in 8 and 7
samples, respectively. This pilot study shed new light on the phenomenon of
healthy horses carrying C. jejuni and other
human-health-related enteropathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Paruch
- Division of Environment and Natural Resources, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Aas, Norway
| | - Adam M Paruch
- Division of Environment and Natural Resources, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Aas, Norway
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5
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Clothier J, Small A, Hinch G, Brown WY. Perinatal Stress in Immature Foals May Lead to Subclinical Adrenocortical Dysregulation in Adult Horses: Pilot Study. J Equine Vet Sci 2022; 111:103869. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2022.103869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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6
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Pye J, Spriet M, Dow P, Katzman S, Murphy BG. Osteochondral necrosis of the femoral condyles in Thoroughbred foals: eight cases (2008–2018). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2021; 260:341-349. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.21.03.0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To describe clinical, imaging, gross, and histopathological abnormalities associated with osteochondral necrosis of the femoral condyles in foals and identify features suggestive of a common pathogenesis.
ANIMALS
8 Thoroughbred foals euthanized with a presumptive diagnosis of necrosis of the femoral condyles.
PROCEDURES
Postmortem CT was performed on all distal femoral epiphyseal samples. The articular epiphyseal cartilage complex (AECC) of affected distal femurs was examined grossly and histologically, focusing on lesions of interest identified on CT images.
RESULTS
7 foals were between 9 and 23 days old at the time of euthanasia; 1 foal was 85 days old. Concurrent illness (neonatal maladjustment syndrome, neonatal isoerythrolysis, or infection such as enteritis and omphalitis) was diagnosed in 7 foals. The characteristic antemortem radiographic and postmortem CT finding was a crescent-shaped osteochondral flap displaced from the affected medial femoral condyle. Synovial fluid cytology from affected joints was either within normal limits or consistent with mild inflammation. Histologically, all lesions were characterized by osteochondral necrosis and detachment of the AECC. In 6 foals, polymorphonuclear cells were found within growth cartilage canals, representing septic cartilage canals.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Osteochondral necrosis was interpreted to be secondary to bacterial colonization of the distal femoral AECC, evidenced by septic cartilage canals identified in 6 of 8 foals. This uncommon condition was previously thought to arise from an ischemic event, but the disease process was not well understood. An improved understanding of the pathogenesis of osteochondral necrosis is the first step in formulating more successful preventative and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannah Pye
- 1Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Mathieu Spriet
- 1Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Penny Dow
- 2Scone Equine Hospital, Scone, NSW, Australia
| | - Scott Katzman
- 1Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Brian G. Murphy
- 3Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
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7
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Nervo T, Bertero A, Donato GG, Panier Suffat E, Vincenti L. Analysis of factors influencing the transfer of passive immunity in the donkey foal. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1963863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Nervo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessia Bertero
- Practitioner, Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Gian Guido Donato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Panier Suffat
- Practitioner, Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Leila Vincenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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8
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Gratwick Z. An updated review: Laboratory investigation of equine renal disease. EQUINE VET EDUC 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z. Gratwick
- Axiom Veterinary Laboratories Ltd Newton Abbot, Devon UK
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9
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Witt P, Kroon L, Ankringa N, Delany M, Bruggen LWL, Boom R, Sloet van Oldruitenborgh‐Oosterbaan MM, Siegers EW. Squamous gastric ulceration complicated by gastric stenosis in a foal. EQUINE VET EDUC 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Witt
- Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - L. Kroon
- Paardenpraktijk de Kroon Moerdijk The Netherlands
| | - N. Ankringa
- Department of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - M. Delany
- Department of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - L. W. L. Bruggen
- Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - R. Boom
- Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | | | - E. W. Siegers
- Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
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10
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Swain O'Fallon EA. Emergency Management of Equid Foals in the Field. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2021; 37:407-420. [PMID: 34243879 DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Foal emergencies can be intimidating to manage in the field, yet many conditions will respond well to the supportive care possible on the farm. Triage of the foal targets focused supportive care to stabilize the foal before referral to a hospital or to facilitate the management in the field. There are many diagnostic and therapeutic options available in the field setting to support a successful outcome on the farm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsbeth A Swain O'Fallon
- Department of Clinical Sciences, James L. Voss Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Colorado State University, 300 W. Drake Road, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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11
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Danyer E, Bilal T. Effects of dietary fish oil and alpha-tocopherol supplementation on selected blood parameters and fatty acid profiles in mares and their foals. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 105 Suppl 2:3-17. [PMID: 33225499 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effects of fish oil (40 ml/day) supplementation, with or without synthetic all-rac-alpha-tocopherol-acetate (2,500 IU/day), during the last 65 days before expected parturition were investigated in 15 adult mares (553 ± 24 kg BW) and their foals. Mares were assigned to one of three diets: control (n = 5), control plus fish oil and alpha-tocopherol (n = 4; FO + AT) or control with just fish oil (n = 6; FO). Blood samples were obtained from the mares before a 15-day dietary adaptation period (T1) and from mares and foals the first (T2) and fifth (T3) days post-partum. Colostrum was collected at T2 and milk at T3. Routine haematological, biochemical and alpha-tocopherol analyses were undertaken on all blood samples. Fatty acid concentrations were determined in the foal serum and alpha-tocopherol concentrations measured in the milk and colostrum. Diet had no effect on haematology or biochemistry in the mares. Alpha-tocopherol concentrations were significantly higher at T2 & T3 in the FO + AT mares. Foal WBCs were higher in FO (11.33 ± 2.59 × 109 /l), comparing to FO + AT and control groups (9.18 ± 1.24 × 109 /l and 7.26 ± 1.03 × 109 /l, respectively), at T3 (p < .05). There was no significant effect of the fish oil supplementation on the foal's serum fatty acid profile. In the FO + AT group, both colostrum and milk alpha-tocopherol concentrations (2.56 ± 0.36 and 1.36 ± 0.22 µg/ml, respectively) were higher compared than those of the FO group (1.33 ± 0.39 and 0.72 ± 0.31 µg/ml, respectively; p < .05). Additional 2,500 IU/day of synthetic alpha-tocopherol in the last 65 days of pregnancy increased alpha-tocopherol concentrations in colostrum and milk and the foal's serum. 40 ml/day fish oil, however, did not significantly increase serum eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid concentrations in the foals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdem Danyer
- Veterinary Control Central Research Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tanay Bilal
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
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Saadi A, Dalir-Naghadeh B, Hashemi-Asl SM, Tehrani AA, Hobbenaghi R, Mahmoudi SS, Shalizar-Jalali A. Right to left patent ductus arteriosus, acute bronchointerstitial pneumonia, pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale in a foal. EQUINE VET EDUC 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Saadi
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Internal Medicine; Urmia University; Urmia Iran
| | - B. Dalir-Naghadeh
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Internal Medicine; Urmia University; Urmia Iran
| | - S. M. Hashemi-Asl
- Department of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging; Urmia University; Urmia Iran
| | - A. A. Tehrani
- Department of Pathobiology; Urmia University; Urmia Iran
| | - R. Hobbenaghi
- Department of Pathobiology; Urmia University; Urmia Iran
| | - S. S. Mahmoudi
- Department of Pathobiology; Urmia University; Urmia Iran
| | - A. Shalizar-Jalali
- Department of Basic Sciences; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Urmia University; Urmia Iran
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