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Chen GL, Li JY, Chen X, Liu JW, Zhang Q, Liu JY, Wen J, Wang N, Lei M, Wei JP, Yi L, Li JJ, Ling YP, Yi HQ, Hu Z, Duan J, Zhang J, Zeng B. Mechanosensitive channels TMEM63A and TMEM63B mediate lung inflation-induced surfactant secretion. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e174508. [PMID: 38127458 PMCID: PMC10904053 DOI: 10.1172/jci174508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant is a lipoprotein complex lining the alveolar surface to decrease the surface tension and facilitate inspiration. Surfactant deficiency is often seen in premature infants and in children and adults with respiratory distress syndrome. Mechanical stretch of alveolar type 2 epithelial (AT2) cells during lung expansion is the primary physiological factor that stimulates surfactant secretion; however, it is unclear whether there is a mechanosensor dedicated to this process. Here, we show that loss of the mechanosensitive channels TMEM63A and TMEM63B (TMEM63A/B) resulted in atelectasis and respiratory failure in mice due to a deficit of surfactant secretion. TMEM63A/B were predominantly localized at the limiting membrane of the lamellar body (LB), a lysosome-related organelle that stores pulmonary surfactant and ATP in AT2 cells. Activation of TMEM63A/B channels during cell stretch facilitated the release of surfactant and ATP from LBs fused with the plasma membrane. The released ATP evoked Ca2+ signaling in AT2 cells and potentiated exocytic fusion of more LBs. Our study uncovered a vital physiological function of TMEM63 mechanosensitive channels in preparing the lungs for the first breath at birth and maintaining respiration throughout life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Lan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, and
| | - Jing-Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, and
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, and
| | - Jia-Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, and
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, and
| | - Jie-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, and
| | - Jing Wen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, and
| | - Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, and
| | - Ming Lei
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, and
| | - Jun-Peng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, and
| | - Li Yi
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, and
| | - Jia-Jia Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, and
| | - Yu-Peng Ling
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, and
| | - He-Qiang Yi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenying Hu
- Human Aging Research Institute and School of Life Sciences and
| | - Jingjing Duan
- Human Aging Research Institute and School of Life Sciences and
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bo Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, and
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Boudreault F, Tan JJ, Grygorczyk R. Propidium uptake and ATP release in A549 cells share similar transport mechanisms. Biophys J 2022; 121:1593-1609. [PMID: 35398020 PMCID: PMC9117937 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The lipid bilayer of eukaryotic cells' plasma membrane is almost impermeable to small ions and large polar molecules, but its miniscule basal permeability in intact cells is poorly characterized. This report describes the intrinsic membrane permeability of A549 cells toward the charged molecules propidium (Pr2+) and ATP4-. Under isotonic conditions, we detected with quantitative fluorescence microscopy, a continuous low-rate uptake of Pr (∼150 × 10-21 moles (zmol)/h/cell, [Pr]o = 150 μM, 32°C). It was stimulated transiently but strongly by 66% hypotonic cell swelling reaching an influx amplitude of ∼1500 (zmol/h)/cell. The progressive Pr uptake with increasing [Pr]o (30, 150, and 750 μM) suggested a permeation mechanism by simple diffusion. We quantified separately ATP release with custom wide-field-of-view chemiluminescence imaging. The strong proportionality between ATP efflux and Pr2+ influx during hypotonic challenge, and the absence of stimulation of transmembrane transport following 300% hypertonic shock, indicated that ATP and Pr travel the same conductive pathway. The fluorescence images revealed a homogeneously distributed intracellular uptake of Pr not consistent with high-conductance channels expressed at low density on the plasma membrane. We hypothesized that the pathway consists of transiently formed water pores evenly spread across the plasma membrane. The abolition of cell swelling-induced Pr uptake with 500 μM gadolinium, a known modulator of membrane fluidity, supported the involvement of water pores whose formation depends on the membrane fluidity. Our study suggests an alternative model of a direct permeation of ATP (and other molecules) through the phospholipid bilayer, which may have important physiological implications.
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Grygorczyk R, Boudreault F, Ponomarchuk O, Tan JJ, Furuya K, Goldgewicht J, Kenfack FD, Yu F. Lytic Release of Cellular ATP: Physiological Relevance and Therapeutic Applications. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070700. [PMID: 34357072 PMCID: PMC8307140 DOI: 10.3390/life11070700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The lytic release of ATP due to cell and tissue injury constitutes an important source of extracellular nucleotides and may have physiological and pathophysiological roles by triggering purinergic signalling pathways. In the lungs, extracellular ATP can have protective effects by stimulating surfactant and mucus secretion. However, excessive extracellular ATP levels, such as observed in ventilator-induced lung injury, act as a danger-associated signal that activates NLRP3 inflammasome contributing to lung damage. Here, we discuss examples of lytic release that we have identified in our studies using real-time luciferin-luciferase luminescence imaging of extracellular ATP. In alveolar A549 cells, hypotonic shock-induced ATP release shows rapid lytic and slow-rising non-lytic components. Lytic release originates from the lysis of single fragile cells that could be seen as distinct spikes of ATP-dependent luminescence, but under physiological conditions, its contribution is minimal <1% of total release. By contrast, ATP release from red blood cells results primarily from hemolysis, a physiological mechanism contributing to the regulation of local blood flow in response to tissue hypoxia, mechanical stimulation and temperature changes. Lytic release of cellular ATP may have therapeutic applications, as exemplified by the use of ultrasound and microbubble-stimulated release for enhancing cancer immunotherapy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Grygorczyk
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (F.B.); (O.P.); (J.J.T.); (J.G.); (F.D.K.)
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Correspondence: (R.G.); (F.Y.)
| | - Francis Boudreault
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (F.B.); (O.P.); (J.J.T.); (J.G.); (F.D.K.)
| | - Olga Ponomarchuk
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (F.B.); (O.P.); (J.J.T.); (J.G.); (F.D.K.)
| | - Ju Jing Tan
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (F.B.); (O.P.); (J.J.T.); (J.G.); (F.D.K.)
| | - Kishio Furuya
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan;
| | - Joseph Goldgewicht
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (F.B.); (O.P.); (J.J.T.); (J.G.); (F.D.K.)
| | - Falonne Démèze Kenfack
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (F.B.); (O.P.); (J.J.T.); (J.G.); (F.D.K.)
| | - François Yu
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (F.B.); (O.P.); (J.J.T.); (J.G.); (F.D.K.)
- Département de Radiologie, Radio-Oncologie et Médecine Nucléaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Institut de Génie Biomédical, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Correspondence: (R.G.); (F.Y.)
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Mutant firefly luciferase enzymes resistant to the inhibition by sodium chloride. Biotechnol Lett 2021; 43:1585-1594. [PMID: 33945054 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-021-03109-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Firefly luciferase, one of the most extensively studied enzymes, has numerous applications. However, luciferase activity is inhibited by sodium chloride. This study was aimed at obtaining mutant luciferase enzymes resistant to the sodium chloride inhibition. RESULTS We first obtained two mutant luciferase enzymes whose inhibition were alleviated and determined the mutations to be Val288Ile and Glu488Val. Under medical dialysis condition (140 mM sodium chloride), the wild type was inhibited to 44% of its original activity level. In contrast, the single mutants, Val288Ile and Glu488Val, retained 67% and 79% of their original activity, respectively. Next, we introduced Val288Ile and Glu488Val mutations into wild-type luciferase to create a double mutant using site-directed mutagenesis. Notably, the double mutant retained its activity more than 95% of that in the absence of sodium chloride. CONCLUSIONS The mutant luciferase, named luciferase CR, was found to retain its activity in various concentrations of sodium chloride. The luciferase CR may be extensively useful in any bioassay which includes firefly luciferase and is employed in the presence of sodium chloride.
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Pelleg A. Extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate in pulmonary disorders. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 187:114319. [PMID: 33161021 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) is found in every cell of the human body where it plays a critical role in cellular energetics and metabolism. ATP is released from cells under physiologic and pathophysiologic condition; extracellular ATP is rapidly degraded to adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine by ecto-enzymes (mainly, CD39 and CD73). Before its degradation, ATP acts as an autocrine and paracrine agent exerting its effects on targeted cells by activating cell surface receptors named P2 Purinergic receptors. The latter are expressed by different cell types in the lungs, the activation of which is involved in multiple pulmonary disorders. This succinct review summarizes the role of ATP in inflammation processes associated with these disorders including bronchoconstriction, cough, mechanical ventilation-induced lung injury and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. All of these disorders still constitute unmet clinical needs. Therefore, the various ATP-signaling pathways in pulmonary inflammation constitute attractive targets for novel drug-candidates that would improve the management of patients with multiple pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Pelleg
- Danmir Therapeutics, LLC, Haverford, PA, USA. http://www.danmirtherapeutics.com
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Wirsching E, Fauler M, Fois G, Frick M. P2 Purinergic Signaling in the Distal Lung in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4973. [PMID: 32674494 PMCID: PMC7404078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The distal lung provides an intricate structure for gas exchange in mammalian lungs. Efficient gas exchange depends on the functional integrity of lung alveoli. The cells in the alveolar tissue serve various functions to maintain alveolar structure, integrity and homeostasis. Alveolar epithelial cells secrete pulmonary surfactant, regulate the alveolar surface liquid (ASL) volume and, together with resident and infiltrating immune cells, provide a powerful host-defense system against a multitude of particles, microbes and toxicants. It is well established that all of these cells express purinergic P2 receptors and that purinergic signaling plays important roles in maintaining alveolar homeostasis. Therefore, it is not surprising that purinergic signaling also contributes to development and progression of severe pathological conditions like pulmonary inflammation, acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) and pulmonary fibrosis. Within this review we focus on the role of P2 purinergic signaling in the distal lung in health and disease. We recapitulate the expression of P2 receptors within the cells in the alveoli, the possible sources of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) within alveoli and the contribution of purinergic signaling to regulation of surfactant secretion, ASL volume and composition, as well as immune homeostasis. Finally, we summarize current knowledge of the role for P2 signaling in infectious pneumonia, ALI/ARDS and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Manfred Frick
- Institute of General Physiology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (E.W.); (M.F.); (G.F.)
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Shen D, Shen X, Schwarz W, Grygorczyk R, Wang L. P2Y 13 and P2X 7 receptors modulate mechanically induced adenosine triphosphate release from mast cells. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:499-508. [PMID: 32155290 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Subcutaneous mast cells (MCs) are vulnerable to mechanical stimulation from external environment. Thus, MCs immune function could be modulated by their mechanosensitivity. This property has been identified as the trigger mechanism of needling acupuncture, a traditional oriental therapy. Previously we have demonstrated the release of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a stress-responsive signalling molecule, from mechanical-perturbed MCs. The current work explores its underlying mechanisms. We noticed that propagation of intracellular free Ca2+ occurred among HMC-1 cells in response to 50% hypotonic shock. Additionally, amplifying cascade of ATP-induced ATP release was observed in RBL-2H3 cells stimulated by medium displacement, which could be mimicked by exogenous ATP (exoATP). Secondary ATP liberation induced by low level (50 nmol/L) of exoATP was reduced by inhibiting ecto-ATPase-dependent ADP production with ARL67156, or blocking P2 receptors with suramin or PPADS, or with specific P2Y13 receptor antagonist MRS2211, or siRNA. Secondary ATP release induced by higher dose (200 μmol/L) of exoATP, sufficient to stimulate P2X7 receptor, was attenuated by suramin, PPADS or specific P2X7 receptor antagonist BBG, or siRNA. Finally, RT-PCR confirmed mRNA expression of P2Y13 and P2X7 in RBL-2H3 cells. Additionally, such secondary ATP release was attenuated by DPCPX, specific antagonist of adenosine A1 receptor, but not by MRS2179, specific inhibitor of P2Y1 receptor. In summary, mechanosensitive ATP release from MCs is facilitated by paracrine/autocrine stimulation of P2Y13 and P2X7 receptors. This multi-receptor combination could mediate transmission of information from a local site to distal areas, enabling communication with multiple surrounding cells to coordinate and synchronize their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Shen
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyong Shen
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Center for Acupuncture and Meridians, Shanghai, China
| | - Wolfgang Schwarz
- Institute for Biophysics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt a.M., Germany
| | - Ryszard Grygorczyk
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier de I'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Lina Wang
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function (14DZ2260500), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Tan JJ, Boudreault F, Adam D, Brochiero E, Grygorczyk R. Type 2 secretory cells are primary source of ATP release in mechanically stretched lung alveolar cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 318:L49-L58. [PMID: 31596106 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00321.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular ATP and its metabolites are potent paracrine modulators of lung alveolar cell function, including surfactant secretion and fluid transport, but the sources and mechanism of intra-alveolar ATP release remain unclear. To determine the contribution of gas-exchanging alveolar type 1 (AT1) and surfactant-secreting type 2 (AT2) cells to stretch-induced ATP release, we used quantitative real-time luminescence ATP imaging and rat primary alveolar cells cultured on silicon substrate for 2-7 days. When cultured on solid support, primary AT2 cells progressively transdifferentiated into AT1-like cells with ~20% of cells showing AT1 phenotype by day 2-3 (AT2:AT1 ≈ 4:1), while on day 7, the AT2:AT1 cell ratio was reversed with up to 80% of the cells displaying characteristics of AT1 cells. Stretch (1 s, 5-35%) induced ATP release from AT2/AT1 cell cultures, and it was highest on days 2 and 3 but declined in older cultures. ATP release tightly correlated with the number of remaining AT2 cells in culture, consistent with ~10-fold lower ATP release by AT1 than AT2 cells. ATP release was unaffected by inhibitors of putative ATP channels carbenoxolone and probenecid but was significantly diminished in cells loaded with calcium chelator BAPTA. These pharmacological modulators had similar effects on stretch-induced intracellular Ca2+ responses measured by Fura2 fluorescence. The study revealed that AT2 cells are the primary source of stretch-induced ATP release in heterocellular AT2/AT1 cell cultures, suggesting similar contribution in intact alveoli. Our results support a role for calcium-regulated mechanism but not ATP-conducting channels in ATP release by alveolar epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Jing Tan
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Francis Boudreault
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Damien Adam
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle Brochiero
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ryszard Grygorczyk
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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