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Pereyra EV, Godoy Coto J, Velez Rueda JO, Cavalli FA, González Arbelaez LF, Fantinelli JC, Aranda O, Colman Lerner JE, Portiansky EL, Mosca SM, Ennis IL. Beneficial Consequences of One-Month Oral Treatment with Cannabis Oil on Cardiac Hypertrophy and the Mitochondrial Pool in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2024. [PMID: 39137344 DOI: 10.1089/can.2024.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: It has been demonstrated the dysregulation of the cardiac endocannabinoid system in cardiovascular diseases. Thus, the modulation of this system through the administration of phytocannabinoids present in medicinal cannabis oil (CO) emerges as a promising therapeutic approach. Furthermore, phytocannabinoids exhibit potent antioxidant properties, making them highly desirable in the treatment of cardiac pathologies, such as hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy (CH). Objective: To evaluate the effect of CO treatment on hypertrophy and mitochondrial status in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) hearts. Methods: Three-month-old male SHR were randomly assigned to CO or olive oil (vehicle) oral treatment for 1 month. We evaluated cardiac mass and histology, mitochondrial dynamics, membrane potential, area and density, myocardial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and citrate synthase (CS) activity and expression. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n) and compared by t-test, or two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test were used as appropriate. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: CH was reduced by CO treatment, as indicated by the left ventricular weight/tibia length ratio, left ventricular mass index, myocyte cross-sectional area, and left ventricle collagen volume fraction. The ejection fraction was preserved in the CO-treated group despite the persistence of elevated systolic blood pressure and the reduction in CH. Mitochondrial membrane potential was improved and mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, area, and density were all increased by treatment. Moreover, the activity and expression of the CS were enhanced by treatment, whereas ROS production was decreased and the antioxidant activity of SOD increased by CO administration. Conclusion: Based on the mentioned results, we propose that 1-month oral treatment with CO is effective to reduce hypertrophy, improve the mitochondrial pool and increase the antioxidant capacity in SHR hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Vanesa Pereyra
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Joshua Godoy Coto
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Jorge Omar Velez Rueda
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Fiorella Anabel Cavalli
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Luisa Fernanda González Arbelaez
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Juliana Catalina Fantinelli
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Oswaldo Aranda
- Programa Ambiental de extensión universitaria (PAEU). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
| | | | - Enrique Leo Portiansky
- Laboratorio de Análisis de Imágenes, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Susana Maria Mosca
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Irene Lucia Ennis
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
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Godoy Coto J, Pereyra EV, Cavalli FA, Valverde CA, Caldiz CI, Maté SM, Yeves AM, Ennis IL. Exercise-induced cardiac mitochondrial reorganization and enhancement in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:1109-1123. [PMID: 38625371 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02956-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The myocardium is a highly oxidative tissue in which mitochondria are essential to supply the energy required to maintain pump function. When pathological hypertrophy develops, energy consumption augments and jeopardizes mitochondrial capacity. We explored the cardiac consequences of chronic swimming training, focusing on the mitochondrial network, in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Male adult SHR were randomized to sedentary or trained (T: 8-week swimming protocol). Blood pressure and echocardiograms were recorded, and hearts were removed at the end of the training period to perform molecular, imaging, or isolated mitochondria studies. Swimming improved cardiac midventricular shortening and decreased the pathological hypertrophic marker atrial natriuretic peptide. Oxidative stress was reduced, and even more interesting, mitochondrial spatial distribution, dynamics, function, and ATP were significantly improved in the myocardium of T rats. In the signaling pathway triggered by training, we detected an increase in the phosphorylation level of both AKT and glycogen synthase kinase-3 β, key downstream targets of insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling that are crucially involved in mitochondria biogenesis and integrity. Aerobic exercise training emerges as an effective approach to improve pathological cardiac hypertrophy and bioenergetics in hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Godoy Coto
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Erica V Pereyra
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Fiorella A Cavalli
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Valverde
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Claudia I Caldiz
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Sabina M Maté
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo R. Brenner" - Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Alejandra M Yeves
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Irene L Ennis
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio E. Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, La Plata, Argentina.
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Holmberg SR, Sakamoto Y, Kato A, Romero MF. The role of Na +-coupled bicarbonate transporters (NCBT) in health and disease. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:479-503. [PMID: 38536494 PMCID: PMC11338471 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02937-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Cellular and organism survival depends upon the regulation of pH, which is regulated by highly specialized cell membrane transporters, the solute carriers (SLC) (For a comprehensive list of the solute carrier family members, see: https://www.bioparadigms.org/slc/ ). The SLC4 family of bicarbonate (HCO3-) transporters consists of ten members, sorted by their coupling to either sodium (NBCe1, NBCe2, NBCn1, NBCn2, NDCBE), chloride (AE1, AE2, AE3), or borate (BTR1). The ionic coupling of SLC4A9 (AE4) remains controversial. These SLC4 bicarbonate transporters may be controlled by cellular ionic gradients, cellular membrane voltage, and signaling molecules to maintain critical cellular and systemic pH (acid-base) balance. There are profound consequences when blood pH deviates even a small amount outside the normal range (7.35-7.45). Chiefly, Na+-coupled bicarbonate transporters (NCBT) control intracellular pH in nearly every living cell, maintaining the biological pH required for life. Additionally, NCBTs have important roles to regulate cell volume and maintain salt balance as well as absorption and secretion of acid-base equivalents. Due to their varied tissue expression, NCBTs have roles in pathophysiology, which become apparent in physiologic responses when their expression is reduced or genetically deleted. Variations in physiological pH are seen in a wide variety of conditions, from canonically acid-base related conditions to pathologies not necessarily associated with acid-base dysfunction such as cancer, glaucoma, or various neurological diseases. The membranous location of the SLC4 transporters as well as recent advances in discovering their structural biology makes them accessible and attractive as a druggable target in a disease context. The role of sodium-coupled bicarbonate transporters in such a large array of conditions illustrates the potential of treating a wide range of disease states by modifying function of these transporters, whether that be through inhibition or enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon R Holmberg
- Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yohei Sakamoto
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-Ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Akira Kato
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-Ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Michael F Romero
- Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
- Nephrology & Hypertension, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Di Mattia RA, Diaz-Zegarra LA, Blanco PG, Valverde CA, Gonano LA, Jaquenod De Giusti C, Portiansky EL, Vila-Petroff MG, Aiello EA, Orlowski A. The specific inhibition of the cardiac electrogenic sodium/bicarbonate cotransporter leads to cardiac hypertrophy. Life Sci 2022; 312:121219. [PMID: 36435222 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Two alkalinizing mechanisms coexist in cardiac myocytes to maintain intracellular pH: sodium/bicarbonate cotransporter (electroneutral isoform NBCn1 and electrogenic isoform NBCe1) and sodium/proton exchanger (NHE1). Dysfunction of these transporters has previously been reported to be responsible for the development of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of the downregulation of the NBCe1 to the development of cardiac hypertrophy. To specifically reduce NBCe1 expression, we cloned shRNA into a cardiotropic adeno-associated vector (AAV9-shNBCe1). After 28 days of being injected with AAV9-shNBCe1, the expression and the activity of NBCe1 in the rat heart were reduced. Strikingly, downregulation of NBCe1 causes significant hypertrophic heart growth, lengthening of the action potential in isolated myocytes, an increase in the duration of the QT interval and an increase in the frequency of Ca2+ waves without any significant changes in Ca2+ transients. An increased compensatory expression of NBCn1 and NHE1 was also observed. We conclude that reduction of NBCe1 is sufficient to induce cardiac hypertrophy and modify the electrical features of the rat heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Di Mattia
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - L A Diaz-Zegarra
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - P G Blanco
- Centro de Fisiología Reproductiva & Métodos Complementarios de Diagnóstico (CEFIRE & MECODIAG), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - C A Valverde
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - L A Gonano
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - C Jaquenod De Giusti
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - E L Portiansky
- Laboratorio de Análisis de Imágenes, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - M G Vila-Petroff
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - E A Aiello
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - A Orlowski
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Cingolani", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, La Plata, Argentina.
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The mitochondrial signaling peptide MOTS-c improves myocardial performance during exercise training in rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20077. [PMID: 34635713 PMCID: PMC8505603 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99568-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling is a physiological adaptation to aerobic exercise and which is characterized by increases in ventricular volume and the number of cardiomyocytes. The mitochondrial derived peptide MOTS-c functions as an important regulator in physical capacity and performance. Exercise elevates levels of endogenous MOTS-c in circulation and in myocardium, while MOTS-c can significantly enhance exercise capacity. However, the effects of aerobic exercise combined with MOTS-c on cardiac structure and function are unclear. We used pressure–volume conductance catheter technique to examine cardiac function in exercised rats with and without treatment with MOTS-c. Surprisingly, MOTS-c improved myocardial mechanical efficiency, enhanced cardiac systolic function, and had a tendency to improve the diastolic function. The findings suggest that using exercise supplements could be used to modulate the cardiovascular benefits of athletic training.
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