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Mislati R, Uccello TP, Lin Z, Iliza KT, Toussaint KC, Gerber SA, Doyley MM. Shear wave elastography can stratify rectal cancer response to short-course radiation therapy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16149. [PMID: 37752156 PMCID: PMC10522682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43383-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Rectal cancer is a deadly disease typically treated using neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision surgery. To reduce the occurrence of mesorectal excision surgery for patients whose tumors regress from the neoadjuvant therapy alone, conventional imaging, such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is used to assess tumor response to neoadjuvant therapy before surgery. In this work, we hypothesize that shear wave elastography offers valuable insights into tumor response to short-course radiation therapy (SCRT)-information that could help distinguish radiation-responsive from radiation-non-responsive tumors and shed light on changes in the tumor microenvironment that may affect radiation response. To test this hypothesis, we performed elastographic imaging on murine rectal tumors (n = 32) on days 6, 10, 12, 16, 18, 20, 23, and 25 post-tumor cell injection. The study revealed that radiation-responsive and non-radiation-responsive tumors had different mechanical properties. Specifically, radiation-non-responsive tumors showed significantly higher shear wave speed SWS (p < 0.01) than radiation-responsive tumors 11 days after SCRT. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in shear wave attenuation (SWA) (p < 0.01) in radiation-non-responsive tumors 16 days after SCRT compared to SWA measured just one day after SCRT. These results demonstrate the potential of shear wave elastography to provide valuable insights into tumor response to SCRT and aid in exploring the underlying biology that drives tumors' responses to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Mislati
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Taylor P Uccello
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Zixi Lin
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Katia T Iliza
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Scott A Gerber
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Marvin M Doyley
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
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Interference of fixatives and fixation period on the morphologic analysis of ovarian preantral follicles. ZYGOTE 2021; 30:144-147. [PMID: 33988116 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199421000198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Ovine ovarian fragments (3 × 3 × 1 mm) were fixed in neutral buffered formalin (NBF), Carnoy's solution (CAR), Davidson's solution (DAV), or paraformaldehyde (PFA) for 12 h or 24 h. After this fixation time, each fragment was prepared for histological analysis. Although fixative and fixation period did not affect follicular and stromal cells density, the percentages of morphologically normal primordial and primary follicles was affected by the fixative type and period of fixation. Paraformaldehyde was not indicated as a fixative for ovarian fragments. Formalin was a suitable fixative only when the period of fixation was 12 h, while Carnoy was efficient after a fixation period of 24 h. In conclusion, the most indicated fixative for the morphological evaluation of ovarian preantral follicles was DAV, regardless of the fixation period, that is 12 or 24 h.
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Shahid A, Stenson TH, Mcmurtry MS. Normoxic low-altitude simulation (at 714 mmHg) improves limb blood perfusion in mice with hindlimb ischemia. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14228. [PMID: 33502830 PMCID: PMC7839326 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans have fewer cardiovascular events and improved outcomes after cardiovascular events when living at low and moderate altitudes (<3000 m) above sea level. We have previously shown that low‐altitude simulation using reductions in barometric pressure enhances vasodilation ex vivo in arterial segments and reduces systemic vascular resistance in vivo and can also improve left ventricular function after a myocardial infarction. We hypothesize that low‐altitude simulation could also improve hindlimb ischemia, a model of peripheral artery disease in humans. We performed femoral artery ligation to generate hindlimb ischemia in 3‐month‐old C57BL6 mice. Control group mice (n = 10) recovered at 754 mmHg (control) for 14 days. Treatment group mice (n = 15) were placed in a low‐altitude simulation chamber (at 714 mmHg) to recover from surgery for 3‐hours daily for 14 days. Hindlimb perfusion imaging using a laser Doppler line scanner was performed for all mice prior to the surgery, and then on days 1, 3, 7, and 14 post‐surgery. At 2 weeks, ischemic reserve was significantly higher in the treatment group mice (0.50 ± 0.13 vs. 0.20 ± 0.06; p = 0.01). Treatment mice had higher functional scores and were able to walk better at two weeks. There was approximately three times less HIF1α found via western blotting and a small but statistically significant improvement of lectin perfusion in calf tissue of treatment mice. We conclude that low‐altitude simulation improves blood perfusion in murine hindlimb ischemia. This approach may have therapeutic implications for humans with peripheral artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmol Shahid
- Vascular Biology Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Trevor H Stenson
- Vascular Biology Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Michael S Mcmurtry
- Vascular Biology Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Kanoulas E, Butler M, Rowley C, Voulgaridou V, Diamantis K, Duncan WC, McNeilly A, Averkiou M, Wijkstra H, Mischi M, Wilson RS, Lu W, Sboros V. Super-Resolution Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Methodology for the Identification of In Vivo Vascular Dynamics in 2D. Invest Radiol 2019; 54:500-516. [PMID: 31058661 PMCID: PMC6661242 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to provide an ultrasound-based super-resolution methodology that can be implemented using clinical 2-dimensional ultrasound equipment and standard contrast-enhanced ultrasound modes. In addition, the aim is to achieve this for true-to-life patient imaging conditions, including realistic examination times of a few minutes and adequate image penetration depths that can be used to scan entire organs without sacrificing current super-resolution ultrasound imaging performance. METHODS Standard contrast-enhanced ultrasound was used along with bolus or infusion injections of SonoVue (Bracco, Geneva, Switzerland) microbubble (MB) suspensions. An image analysis methodology, translated from light microscopy algorithms, was developed for use with ultrasound contrast imaging video data. New features that are tailored for ultrasound contrast image data were developed for MB detection and segmentation, so that the algorithm can deal with single and overlapping MBs. The method was tested initially on synthetic data, then with a simple microvessel phantom, and then with in vivo ultrasound contrast video loops from sheep ovaries. Tracks detailing the vascular structure and corresponding velocity map of the sheep ovary were reconstructed. Images acquired from light microscopy, optical projection tomography, and optical coherence tomography were compared with the vasculature network that was revealed in the ultrasound contrast data. The final method was applied to clinical prostate data as a proof of principle. RESULTS Features of the ovary identified in optical modalities mentioned previously were also identified in the ultrasound super-resolution density maps. Follicular areas, follicle wall, vessel diameter, and tissue dimensions were very similar. An approximately 8.5-fold resolution gain was demonstrated in vessel width, as vessels of width down to 60 μm were detected and verified (λ = 514 μm). Best agreement was found between ultrasound measurements and optical coherence tomography with 10% difference in the measured vessel widths, whereas ex vivo microscopy measurements were significantly lower by 43% on average. The results were mostly achieved using video loops of under 2-minute duration that included respiratory motion. A feasibility study on a human prostate showed good agreement between density and velocity ultrasound maps with the histological evaluation of the location of a tumor. CONCLUSIONS The feasibility of a 2-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound-based super-resolution method was demonstrated using in vitro, synthetic and in vivo animal data. The method reduces the examination times to a few minutes using state-of-the-art ultrasound equipment and can provide super-resolution maps for an entire prostate with similar resolution to that achieved in other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Kanoulas
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Physics, and Bio Engineering, and
| | - Mairead Butler
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Physics, and Bio Engineering, and
| | - Caitlin Rowley
- Department of Physics, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton
| | - Vasiliki Voulgaridou
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Physics, and Bio Engineering, and
| | | | - William Colin Duncan
- Center for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alan McNeilly
- Center for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Massimo Mischi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; and
| | - Rhodri Simon Wilson
- **Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Weiping Lu
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Physics, and Bio Engineering, and
| | - Vassilis Sboros
- From the Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Physics, and Bio Engineering, and
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Walusimbi SS, Wetzel LM, Townson DH, Pate JL. Isolation of luteal endothelial cells and functional interactions with T lymphocytes. Reproduction 2017; 153:519-533. [PMID: 28174320 DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to optimize the isolation of luteal endothelial cells (LEC) and examine their functional interactions with autologous T lymphocytes. Analysis by flow cytometry showed that the purity of LEC isolated by filtration was nearly 90% as indicated by Bandeiraea simplicifolia (BS)-1 lectin binding. LEC expressed mRNA for progesterone receptor (PGR), prostaglandin receptors (PTGFR, PTGER2 and 4, and PTGIR), tumor necrosis factor receptors (TNFRSF1A&B) and interleukin (IL) 1B receptors (IL1R1&2). LEC were pretreated with either vehicle, progesterone (P4; 0-20 µM), prostaglandin (PG) E2 or PGF2α (0-0.2 µM), and further treated with or without TNF and IL1B (50 ng/mL each). LEC were then incubated with autologous T lymphocytes in an adhesion assay. Fewer lymphocytes adhered to LEC after exposure to high compared to low P4 concentrations (cubic response; P < 0.05). In contrast, 0.2 µM PGE2 and PGF2α each increased T lymphocyte adhesion in the absence of cytokines (P < 0.05). LEC induced IL2 receptor alpha (CD25) expression and proliferation of T lymphocytes. In conclusion, filtration is an effective way of isolating large numbers of viable LEC. It is proposed that PGs and P4 modulate the ability of endothelial cells to bind T lymphocytes, potentially regulating extravasation, and that LEC activate T lymphocytes migrating into or resident in the CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Walusimbi
- Department of Animal ScienceCenter for Reproductive Biology and Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - L M Wetzel
- Department of Animal ScienceCenter for Reproductive Biology and Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - D H Townson
- Department of Animal and Veterinary SciencesUniversity of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - J L Pate
- Department of Animal ScienceCenter for Reproductive Biology and Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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Development and evaluation of in vivo tissue engineered blood vessels in a porcine model. Biomaterials 2016; 75:82-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Chacur MGM, Arrebola TAH, Ibrahim DB, Sanches OC, Gabriel Filho LRA, Cremasco CP, Putti FF. CHARACTERIZATION AND CELULAR PROLIFERATION OF OVARIAN STRUCTURES OF EWES BY THE TECHNIQUE OF AGNOR: OVARIAN MORFOMETRY AND CORRELATIONS. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ENGENHARIA DE BIOSSISTEMAS 2015. [DOI: 10.18011/bioeng2015v9n3p209-220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The AgNOR staining technique for nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) is characterized by marking proteins related to ribossomal ribonucleic acid evaluating celular proliferation. The objective was to study the ovarian morphometry and the value of AgNOR thecnique application to evaluate the proliferation of healthy cels from ovarian structures in crossbred ewe. 102 pairs of ovaries were collected and from the largest follicle of each ovary was measured its diameter. From the largest corpus luteum (CL) was measured the diameter and width, classifying the CL in: included, protruberant, massive and cavity, followed by AgNOR staining. The significance level was 5%. It had difference (p<0.05) for the diameter of the largest follicle between right (RO): 4.2±2,3mm and left (LO): 3.6±2,2mm sides. There was a correlation (p<0.01) between the NORs of internal theca (IT) and external theca (ET): RO (0.46) and LO (0.61); NORs of granulosa and IT: RO (0.54) and LO (0.59); and NORs of granulosa and ET: RO (0.34) and LO (0.38). Was conclude that the NORs quantification was appropriate to study the determination of the potential for ovarian structures proliferation, which was similar for right and left sides.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. G. M. Chacur
- UNOESTE - Univ do Oeste Paulista, Campus II, Laboratório de Reprodução Animal, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil
| | - T. A. H. Arrebola
- UNOESTE - Univ do Oeste Paulista, Campus II, Laboratório de Reprodução Animal, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil
| | - D. B. Ibrahim
- UNOESTE - Univ do Oeste Paulista, Campus II, Laboratório de Reprodução Animal, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil
| | - O. C. Sanches
- UNOESTE - Univ do Oeste Paulista, Campus II, Laboratório de Reprodução Animal, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil
| | - L. R. A. Gabriel Filho
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus de Tupã, Laboratório de Matemática Aplicada e Computacional, SP, Brasil
| | - C. P. Cremasco
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus de Tupã, Laboratório de Matemática Aplicada e Computacional, SP, Brasil
| | - F. F. Putti
- UNIFENAS - Univ José do Rosário Vellano, Campus de Alfenas, MG, Brasil
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