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Wang M, Xu Y, Cao L, Xiong L, Shang D, Cong Y, Zhao D, Wei X, Li J, Fu D, Lian H, Zhao Z. Mechanical and biological properties of 3D printed bone tissue engineering scaffolds. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2025; 13:1545693. [PMID: 40260017 PMCID: PMC12010109 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1545693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2025] [Indexed: 04/23/2025] Open
Abstract
Bone defects have historically represented a significant challenge in clinical practice, with traditional surgical intervention remaining the gold standard for their management. However, due to the problem of the origin of autologous and allogeneic bone and the complex and diverse bone defects, traditional surgical methods sometimes cannot meet the treatment needs and expectations of patients. The development of bone tissue engineering and 3D printing technology provides new ideas for bone defect repair. Ideal bioscaffold materials must have good mechanical properties, biocompatibility, osteoinduction and bone conduction capabilities. Additionally, factors such as degradation rate, appropriate porosity and a sustained antibacterial effect must be taken into account. The combination of 3D printing technology and synthetic composite biomaterial scaffolds has become a well-established approach in the treatment of complex bone defects, offering innovative solutions for bone defect repair. The combined application of seed cells, signalling factors and biological scaffolds is also beneficial to improve the therapeutic effect of complex bone defects. This article will therefore examine some of the most commonly used 3D printing technologies for biological scaffolds and the most prevalent bioscaffold materials suitable for 3D printing. An analysis will be conducted on the mechanical and biological properties of these materials to elucidate their respective advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Wang
- Orthopaedic Department, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yunpeng Xu
- Orthopaedic Department, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Luoxi Cao
- Orthopaedic Department, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Le Xiong
- Orthopaedic Department, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Depeng Shang
- Orthopaedic Department, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Cong
- Orthopaedic Department, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Orthopaedic Department, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaowei Wei
- Orthopaedic Medical Research Center, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Junlei Li
- Orthopaedic Medical Research Center, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Dapeng Fu
- Orthopaedic Department, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Haoyi Lian
- Orthopaedic Department, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhao
- Orthopaedic Department, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Cao X, Sun K, Luo J, Chen A, Wan Q, Zhou H, Zhou H, Liu Y, Chen X. Enhancing Osteogenesis and Mechanical Properties through Scaffold Design in 3D Printed Bone Substitutes. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2025; 11:710-729. [PMID: 39818724 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c01661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2025]
Abstract
In the context of regenerative medicine, the design of scaffolds to possess excellent osteogenesis and appropriate mechanical properties has gained significant attention in bone tissue engineering. In this review, we categorized materials into metallic, inorganic, nonmetallic, organic polymer, and composite materials. This review provides a more integrated and multidimensional analysis of scaffold design for bone tissue engineering. Unlike previous works that often focus on single aspects, such as material type or fabrication technique, our review takes a broader approach. It analyzes the interaction between scaffold materials, 3D printing techniques, scaffold structural designs, modification methods, porosities, and pore sizes, and the composition of materials (particularly composite materials). Meanwhile, it focuses on their impacts on scaffolds' osteogenic potential and mechanical performance. This review also provides suggested ranges for porosity and pore size for different materials and outlines recommended surface modification methods. This approach not only consolidates current knowledge but also highlights the interdependencies among various factors affecting scaffold efficacy, offering deeper insights into optimization strategies tailored for specific clinical conditions. Furthermore, we introduce recent advancements in innovative 3D printing techniques and novel composite materials, which are rarely addressed in previous reviews, thereby providing a forward-looking perspective that informs future research directions and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Cao
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200001, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Kexin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Junyue Luo
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Andi Chen
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Wan
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Hongyi Zhou
- Research School of Management, ANU College of Business and Economics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Hongbo Zhou
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yuehua Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200001, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Xiaojing Chen
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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Feng Y, Li HP. Optimizing collagen-based biomaterials for periodontal regeneration: clinical opportunities and challenges. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1469733. [PMID: 39703793 PMCID: PMC11655217 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1469733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 11/20/2024] [Indexed: 12/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease (PD) is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the teeth and their supporting tissues, ultimately culminating in tooth loss. Currently, treatment modalities, such as systemic and local administration of antibiotics, serve to mitigate the progression of inflammation yet fall short in restoring the original anatomical structure and physiological function of periodontal tissues. Biocompatible material-based tissue engineering seems to be a promising therapeutic strategy for treating PD. Collagen, a component of the extracellular matrix commonly used for tissue engineering, has been regarded as a promising biogenic material for tissue regeneration owing to its high cell-activating and biocompatible properties. The structural and chemical similarities between collagen and components of the oral tissue extracellular matrix render it a promising candidate for dental regeneration. This review explored the properties of collagen and its current applications in periodontal regeneration. We also discussed the recent progression in collagen therapies and preparation techniques. The review also scrutinizes the pros and cons associated with the application of collagen-based biomaterials in PD treatment, aiming to pave the way for future applications of collagen-based biomaterials in the management of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Feng
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong-Peng Li
- Kunshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Kunshan, China
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Bose S, Chaudhari VS, Kushram P. 3D printed scaffolds with quercetin and vitamin D3 nanocarriers: In vitro cellular evaluation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:2110-2123. [PMID: 38894584 PMCID: PMC11464199 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Increasing bone diseases and anomalies significantly challenge bone regeneration, necessitating the development of innovative implantable devices for effective healing. This study explores the potential of 3D-printed calcium phosphate (CaP) scaffolds functionalized with natural medicine to address this issue. Specifically, quercetin and vitamin D3 (QVD) encapsulated solid lipid nanoparticles (QVD-SLNs) are incorporated into the scaffold to enhance bone regeneration. The melt emulsification method is utilized to achieve high drug encapsulation efficiency (~98%) and controlled biphasic release kinetics. The process-structure-property performance of these systems allows more controlled release while maintaining healthy cell-material interactions. The functionalized scaffolds show ~1.3- and ~-1.6-fold increase in osteoblast cell proliferation and differentiation, respectively, as compared with the control. The treated scaffold demonstrates a reduction in osteoclastic activity as compared with the control. The QVD-SLN-loaded scaffolds show ~4.2-fold in vitro chemopreventive potential against osteosarcoma cells. Bacterial assessment with both Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa shows a significant reduction in bacterial colony growth over the treated scaffold. These findings summarize that the release of QVD-SLNs through a 3D-printed CaP scaffold can treat various bone-related disorders for low or non-load-bearing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Bose
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Vishal Sharad Chaudhari
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Priya Kushram
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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Feng P, Liu L, Yang F, Min R, Wu P, Shuai C. Shape/properties collaborative intelligent manufacturing of artificial bone scaffold: structural design and additive manufacturing process. Biofabrication 2024; 17:012005. [PMID: 39514965 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad905f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 11/08/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
Artificial bone graft stands out for avoiding limited source of autograft as well as susceptibility to infection of allograft, which makes it a current research hotspot in the field of bone defect repair. However, traditional design and manufacturing method cannot fabricate bone scaffold that well mimics complicated bone-like shape with interconnected porous structure and multiple properties akin to human natural bone. Additive manufacturing, which can achieve implant's tailored external contour and controllable fabrication of internal microporous structure, is able to form almost any shape of designed bone scaffold via layer-by-layer process. As additive manufacturing is promising in building artificial bone scaffold, only combining excellent structural design with appropriate additive manufacturing process can produce bone scaffold with ideal biological and mechanical properties. In this article, we sum up and analyze state of art design and additive manufacturing methods for bone scaffold to realize shape/properties collaborative intelligent manufacturing. Scaffold design can be mainly classified into design based on unit cells and whole structure, while basic additive manufacturing and 3D bioprinting are the recommended suitable additive manufacturing methods for bone scaffold fabrication. The challenges and future perspectives in additive manufactured bone scaffold are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingxi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Min
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Cijun Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Additive Manufacturing, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330013, People's Republic of China
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, People's Republic of China
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Kalogeropoulou M, Kracher A, Fucile P, Mihăilă SM, Moroni L. Blueprints of Architected Materials: A Guide to Metamaterial Design for Tissue Engineering. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2408082. [PMID: 39370588 PMCID: PMC11586834 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202408082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Mechanical metamaterials are rationally designed structures engineered to exhibit extraordinary properties, often surpassing those of their constituent materials. The geometry of metamaterials' building blocks, referred to as unit cells, plays an essential role in determining their macroscopic mechanical behavior. Due to their hierarchical design and remarkable properties, metamaterials hold significant potential for tissue engineering; however their implementation in the field remains limited. The major challenge hindering the broader use of metamaterials lies in the complexity of unit cell design and fabrication. To address this gap, a comprehensive guide is presented detailing the design principles of well-established metamaterials. The essential unit cell geometric parameters and design constraints, as well as their influence on mechanical behavior, are summarized highlighting essential points for effective fabrication. Moreover, the potential integration of artificial intelligence techniques is explored in meta-biomaterial design for patient- and application-specific design. Furthermore, a comprehensive overview of current applications of mechanical metamaterials is provided in tissue engineering, categorized by tissue type, thereby showcasing the versatility of different designs in matching the mechanical properties of the target tissue. This review aims to provide a valuable resource for tissue engineering researchers and aid in the broader use of metamaterials in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kalogeropoulou
- Complex Tissue Regeneration DepartmentMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityMaastricht6229 ERThe Netherlands
| | - Anna Kracher
- Division of PharmacologyDepartment of Pharmaceutical SciencesUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical SciencesUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 99Utrecht3584 CGThe Netherlands
| | - Pierpaolo Fucile
- Complex Tissue Regeneration DepartmentMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityMaastricht6229 ERThe Netherlands
| | - Silvia M. Mihăilă
- Division of PharmacologyDepartment of Pharmaceutical SciencesUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical SciencesUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 99Utrecht3584 CGThe Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Complex Tissue Regeneration DepartmentMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityMaastricht6229 ERThe Netherlands
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de Carvalho ABG, Rahimnejad M, Oliveira RLMS, Sikder P, Saavedra GSFA, Bhaduri SB, Gawlitta D, Malda J, Kaigler D, Trichês ES, Bottino MC. Personalized bioceramic grafts for craniomaxillofacial bone regeneration. Int J Oral Sci 2024; 16:62. [PMID: 39482290 PMCID: PMC11528123 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-024-00327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 11/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The reconstruction of craniomaxillofacial bone defects remains clinically challenging. To date, autogenous grafts are considered the gold standard but present critical drawbacks. These shortcomings have driven recent research on craniomaxillofacial bone reconstruction to focus on synthetic grafts with distinct materials and fabrication techniques. Among the various fabrication methods, additive manufacturing (AM) has shown significant clinical potential. AM technologies build three-dimensional (3D) objects with personalized geometry customizable from a computer-aided design. These layer-by-layer 3D biomaterial structures can support bone formation by guiding cell migration/proliferation, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis. Additionally, these structures can be engineered to degrade concomitantly with the new bone tissue formation, making them ideal as synthetic grafts. This review delves into the key advances of bioceramic grafts/scaffolds obtained by 3D printing for personalized craniomaxillofacial bone reconstruction. In this regard, clinically relevant topics such as ceramic-based biomaterials, graft/scaffold characteristics (macro/micro-features), material extrusion-based 3D printing, and the step-by-step workflow to engineer personalized bioceramic grafts are discussed. Importantly, in vitro models are highlighted in conjunction with a thorough examination of the signaling pathways reported when investigating these bioceramics and their effect on cellular response/behavior. Lastly, we summarize the clinical potential and translation opportunities of personalized bioceramics for craniomaxillofacial bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz G de Carvalho
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Maedeh Rahimnejad
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rodrigo L M S Oliveira
- Federal University of São Paulo, Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Prabaha Sikder
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Guilherme S F A Saavedra
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Sarit B Bhaduri
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Debby Gawlitta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Malda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Darnell Kaigler
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eliandra S Trichês
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Federal University of São Paulo, Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco C Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Kushram P, Bose S. Improving Biological Performance of 3D-Printed Scaffolds with Garlic-Extract Nanoemulsions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:48955-48968. [PMID: 39196793 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2024]
Abstract
Complex bone diseases such as osteomyelitis, osteosarcoma, and osteoporosis often cause critical-size bone defects that the body cannot self-repair and require an advanced bone graft material to repair. We have fabricated 3D-printed tricalcium phosphate bone scaffolds functionalized with garlic extract (GE). GE was encapsulated in a nanoemulsion (GE-NE) to enhance bioavailability and stability. GE-NE showed ∼73% drug encapsulation efficiency, with an average particle size of 158 nm and a zeta potential of -14.2 mV. Release of GE-NEs from the scaffold displayed a controlled and biphasic release profile at both acidic and physiological mediums. Results from the osteosarcoma study show that GE-NE demonstrated ∼88% reduction in cancer cell growth while exhibiting no cytotoxicity toward bone-forming cells. Interaction for the functionalized scaffold with Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed a substantial reduction in bacteria growth by more than 90% compared to the unfunctionalized scaffold. These findings demonstrate the potential of GE-NEs-treated porous scaffolds to treat bone-related diseases, particularly for non-load bearing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Kushram
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Susmita Bose
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
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Sadeghian Dehkord E, De Carvalho B, Ernst M, Albert A, Lambert F, Geris L. Influence of physicochemical characteristics of calcium phosphate-based biomaterials in cranio-maxillofacial bone regeneration. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of preclinical models. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101100. [PMID: 38854953 PMCID: PMC11157282 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Calcium phosphate-based biomaterials (CaP) are the most widely used biomaterials to enhance bone regeneration in the treatment of alveolar bone deficiencies, cranio-maxillofacial and periodontal infrabony defects, with positive preclinical and clinical results reported. This systematic review aimed to assess the influence of the physicochemical properties of CaP biomaterials on the performance of bone regeneration in preclinical animal models. Methods The PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched to retrieve the preclinical studies investigating physicochemical characteristics of CaP biomaterials. The studies were screened for inclusion based on intervention (physicochemical characterization and in vivo evaluation) and reported measurable outcomes. Results A total of 1532 articles were retrieved and 58 studies were ultimately included in the systematic review. A wide range of physicochemical characteristics of CaP biomaterials was found to be assessed in the included studies. Despite a high degree of heterogeneity, the meta-analysis was performed on 39 studies and evidenced significant effects of biomaterial characteristics on their bone regeneration outcomes. The study specifically showed that macropore size, Ca/P ratio, and compressive strength exerted significant influence on the formation of newly regenerated bone. Moreover, factors such as particle size, Ca/P ratio, and surface area were found to impact bone-to-material contact during the regeneration process. In terms of biodegradability, the amount of residual graft was determined by macropore size, particle size, and compressive strength. Conclusion The systematic review showed that the physicochemical characteristics of CaP biomaterials are highly determining for scaffold's performance, emphasizing its usefulness in designing the next generation of bone scaffolds to target higher rates of regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Sadeghian Dehkord
- GIGA In Silico Medicine, Biomechanics Research Unit (Biomech), University of Liège, Belgium
- Prometheus, The R&D Division for Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bruno De Carvalho
- Department of Periodontology, Oral-Dental and Implant Surgery, CHU of Liège, Belgium
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU), University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Marie Ernst
- Biostatistics and Research Method Center (B-STAT), CHU of Liège and University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Adelin Albert
- Biostatistics and Research Method Center (B-STAT), CHU of Liège and University of Liège, Belgium
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - France Lambert
- Department of Periodontology, Oral-Dental and Implant Surgery, CHU of Liège, Belgium
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU), University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Geris
- GIGA In Silico Medicine, Biomechanics Research Unit (Biomech), University of Liège, Belgium
- Prometheus, The R&D Division for Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics Section (BMe), KU Leuven, Belgium
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Lai H, Huo X, Han Y, Hu M, Kong X, Yin J, Qian J. Electrowriting patterns and electric field harness directional cell migration for skin wound healing. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101083. [PMID: 38757058 PMCID: PMC11097089 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Directional cell migration is a crucial step in wound healing, influenced by electrical and topographic stimulations. However, the underlying mechanism and the combined effects of these two factors on cell migration remain unclear. This study explores cell migration under various combinations of guided straight line (SL) spacing, conductivity, and the relative direction of electric field (EF) and SL. Electrowriting is employed to fabricate conductive (multiwalled carbon nanotube/polycaprolactone (PCL)) and nonconductive (PCL) SL, with narrow (50 μm) and wide (400 μm) spacing that controls the topographic stimulation strength. Results show that various combinations of electrical and topographic stimulation yield significantly distinct effects on cell migration direction and speed; cells migrate fastest with the most directivity in the case of conductive, narrow-spacing SL parallel to EF. A physical model based on intercellular interactions is developed to capture the underlying mechanism of cell migration under SL and EF stimulations, in agreement with experimental observations. In vivo skin wound healing assay further confirmed that the combination of EF (1 V cm-1) and parallelly aligned conductive fibers accelerated the wound healing process. This study presents a promising approach to direct cell migration and enhance wound healing by optimizing synergistic electrical and topographic stimulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huinan Lai
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Huo
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control Systems, Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Han
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control Systems, Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minyu Hu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangren Kong
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Yin
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control Systems, Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Qian
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control Systems, Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Jebeli SJ, Aghdam RM, Najjari A, Soltani R. Evaluation of bioactivity and antibacterial properties of Ti6Al4V-based green biocomposite implant encompassing TiO 2 nanotube arrays and garlic extract. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28588. [PMID: 38576572 PMCID: PMC10990949 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This study involved the incorporation of an antibacterial garlic extract into titanium oxide nanotubes (TNTs) formed via the anodization of Ti6Al4V implants. The garlic extract, obtained through low-temperature extraction aided by ultrasound waves, was loaded into the nanotubes. The presence of the nanotubes was confirmed through X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to investigate the presence of bioactive compounds, particularly sulfur compounds responsible for garlic's antibacterial effects. The impact of loading two concentrations (0.1 and 0.2 g per milliliter) of garlic extract on Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria was examined. Results indicated a decrease in the growth range of S. aureus from 109 to 106 (CFU/ml) and E. coli from 1011 to 109 (CFU/ml) upon treatment. Additionally, cell adhesion and viability tests conducted on MG63 cells revealed an 8% increase in cell viability with the 0.1 g per milliliter concentration and a 35% decrease with the 0.2 g per milliliter concentration of garlic extract after 72 h of incubation (They have been evaluated by Microculture tetrazolium (MTT) assay). GC-MS analysis identified the presence of diethyl phthalate compounds in the garlic extract, suggesting a potential correlation with cellular toxicity observed in the sample with the higher concentration (0.2 g per milliliter) of garlic extract. Overall, the TNTs loaded with 0.1 g per milliliter of garlic extract simultaneously demonstrated antibacterial activity, cell viability, adhesion, and growth enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Jafari Jebeli
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rouhollah Mehdinavaz Aghdam
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aryan Najjari
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Soltani
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Jo Y, Majumdar U, Bose S. Vitamin D3 Release from MgO Doped 3D Printed TCP Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:1676-1685. [PMID: 38386843 PMCID: PMC11186521 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Regenerating bone tissue in critical-sized craniofacial bone defects remains challenging and requires the implementation of innovative bone implants with early stage osteogenesis and blood vessel formation. Vitamin D3 is incorporated into MgO-doped 3D-printed scaffolds for defect-specific and patient-specific implants in low load-bearing areas. This novel bone implant also promotes early stage osteogenesis and blood vessel development. Our results show that vitamin D3-loaded MgO-doped 3D-printed scaffolds enhance osteoblast cell proliferation 1.3-fold after being cultured for 7 days. Coculture studies on osteoblasts derived from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and osteoclasts derived from monocytes show the upregulation of genes related to osteoblastogenesis and the downregulation of RANK-L, which is essential for osteoclastogenesis. Release of vitamin D3 also inhibits osteoclast differentiation by 1.9-fold after a 21-day culture. After 6 weeks, vitamin D3 release from MgO-doped 3D-printed scaffolds enhances the new bone formation, mineralization, and angiogenic potential. The multifunctional 3D-printed scaffolds can improve early stage osteogenesis and blood vessel formation in craniofacial bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdeok Jo
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Ujjayan Majumdar
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Susmita Bose
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
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13
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Zhao F, Zhang Z, Guo W. The 3-dimensional printing for dental tissue regeneration: the state of the art and future challenges. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1356580. [PMID: 38456006 PMCID: PMC10917914 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1356580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Tooth loss or damage poses great threaten to oral and general health. While contemporary clinical treatments have enabled tooth restoration to a certain extent, achieving functional tooth regeneration remains a challenging task due to the intricate and hierarchically organized architecture of teeth. The past few decades have seen a rapid development of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, which has provided new breakthroughs in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative dentistry. This review outlined the bioactive materials and stem/progenitor cells used in dental regeneration, summarized recent advancements in the application of 3D printing technology for tooth and tooth-supporting tissue regeneration, including dental pulp, dentin, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone and so on. It also discussed current obstacles and potential future directions, aiming to inspire innovative ideas and encourage further development in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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14
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Dahiya A, Chaudhari VS, Kushram P, Bose S. 3D Printed SiO 2-Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffolds Loaded with Carvacrol Nanoparticles for Bone Tissue Engineering Application. J Med Chem 2024; 67:2745-2757. [PMID: 38146876 PMCID: PMC11164277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Bone damage resulting from trauma or aging poses challenges in clinical settings that need to be addressed using bone tissue engineering (BTE). Carvacrol (CA) possesses anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antibacterial properties. Limited solubility and physicochemical stability restrict its biological activity, requiring a stable carrier system for delivery. Here, we investigate the utilization of a three-dimensional printed (3DP) SiO2-doped tricalcium phosphate (TCP) scaffold functionalized with carvacrol-loaded lipid nanoparticles (CA-LNPs) to improve bone health. It exhibits a negative surface charge with an entrapment efficiency of ∼97% and size ∼129 nm with polydispersity index (PDI) and zeta potential values of 0.18 and -16 mV, respectively. CA-LNPs exhibit higher and long-term release over 35 days. The CA-LNP loaded SiO2-doped TCP scaffold demonstrates improved antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by >90% reduction in bacterial growth. Functionalized scaffolds result in 3-fold decrease and 2-fold increase in osteosarcoma and osteoblast cell viability, respectively. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of the CA-LNP loaded SiO2-doped TCP scaffold for bone defect treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Dahiya
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Vishal Sharad Chaudhari
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Priya Kushram
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Susmita Bose
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
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15
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Wysokowski M, Machałowski T, Idaszek J, Chlanda A, Jaroszewicz J, Heljak M, Niemczak M, Piasecki A, Gajewska M, Ehrlich H, Święszkowski W, Jesionowski T. Deep eutectic solvent-assisted fabrication of bioinspired 3D carbon-calcium phosphate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. RSC Adv 2023; 13:21971-21981. [PMID: 37483675 PMCID: PMC10358318 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02356g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a burgeoning field focused on repairing damaged tissues through the combination of bodily cells with highly porous scaffold biomaterials, which serve as templates for tissue regeneration, thus facilitating the growth of new tissue. Carbon materials, constituting an emerging class of superior materials, are currently experiencing remarkable scientific and technological advancements. Consequently, the development of novel 3D carbon-based composite materials has become significant for biomedicine. There is an urgent need for the development of hybrids that will combine the unique bioactivity of ceramics with the performance of carbonaceous materials. Considering these requirements, herein, we propose a straightforward method of producing a 3D carbon-based scaffold that resembles the structural features of spongin, even on the nanometric level of their hierarchical organization. The modification of spongin with calcium phosphate was achieved in a deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride : urea, 1 : 2). The holistic characterization of the scaffolds confirms their remarkable structural features (i.e., porosity, connectivity), along with the biocompatibility of α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP), rendering them a promising candidate for stem cell-based tissue-engineering. Culturing human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) on the surface of the biomimetic scaffold further verifies its growth-facilitating properties, promoting the differentiation of these cells in the osteogenesis direction. ALP activity was significantly higher in osteogenic medium compared to proliferation, indicating the differentiation of hMSC towards osteoblasts. However, no significant difference between C and C-αTCP in the same medium type was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Wysokowski
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology Poznan 60-965 Poland
| | - Tomasz Machałowski
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology Poznan 60-965 Poland
| | - Joanna Idaszek
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw 02-507 Poland
| | - Adrian Chlanda
- Lukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, Flake Graphene Research Group 02-668 Warsaw Poland
| | - Jakub Jaroszewicz
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw 02-507 Poland
| | - Marcin Heljak
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw 02-507 Poland
| | - Michał Niemczak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology Poznan 60-965 Poland
| | - Adam Piasecki
- Institute of Materials Engineering, Poznan University of Technology Piotrowo 3 61138 Poznan Poland
| | - Marta Gajewska
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Kraków Poland
| | - Hermann Ehrlich
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology Poznan 60-965 Poland
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10 61-614 Poznan Poland
| | - Wojciech Święszkowski
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw 02-507 Poland
| | - Teofil Jesionowski
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology Poznan 60-965 Poland
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16
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Chen C, Huang B, Liu Y, Liu F, Lee IS. Functional engineering strategies of 3D printed implants for hard tissue replacement. Regen Biomater 2022; 10:rbac094. [PMID: 36683758 PMCID: PMC9845531 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional printing technology with the rapid development of printing materials are widely recognized as a promising way to fabricate bioartificial bone tissues. In consideration of the disadvantages of bone substitutes, including poor mechanical properties, lack of vascularization and insufficient osteointegration, functional modification strategies can provide multiple functions and desired characteristics of printing materials, enhance their physicochemical and biological properties in bone tissue engineering. Thus, this review focuses on the advances of functional engineering strategies for 3D printed biomaterials in hard tissue replacement. It is structured as introducing 3D printing technologies, properties of printing materials (metals, ceramics and polymers) and typical functional engineering strategies utilized in the application of bone, cartilage and joint regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Bo Huang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, PR China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, PR China
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17
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Mayfield CK, Ayad M, Lechtholz-Zey E, Chen Y, Lieberman JR. 3D-Printing for Critical Sized Bone Defects: Current Concepts and Future Directions. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:680. [PMID: 36421080 PMCID: PMC9687148 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9110680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The management and definitive treatment of segmental bone defects in the setting of acute trauma, fracture non-union, revision joint arthroplasty, and tumor surgery are challenging clinical problems with no consistently satisfactory solution. Orthopaedic surgeons are developing novel strategies to treat these problems, including three-dimensional (3D) printing combined with growth factors and/or cells. This article reviews the current strategies for management of segmental bone loss in orthopaedic surgery, including graft selection, bone graft substitutes, and operative techniques. Furthermore, we highlight 3D printing as a technology that may serve a major role in the management of segmental defects. The optimization of a 3D-printed scaffold design through printing technique, material selection, and scaffold geometry, as well as biologic additives to enhance bone regeneration and incorporation could change the treatment paradigm for these difficult bone repair problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory K. Mayfield
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Mina Ayad
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Elizabeth Lechtholz-Zey
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angleles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jay R. Lieberman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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18
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Arbex L, Nayak VV, Ricci JL, Mijares D, Smay JE, Coelho PG, Witek L. Physio-mechanical and Biological Effects Due to Surface Area Modifications of 3D Printed β-tri- calcium phosphate: An In Vitro Study. ANNALS OF 3D PRINTED MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.stlm.2022.100078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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19
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Pham DQ, Gangadoo S, Berndt CC, Chapman J, Zhai J, Vasilev K, Truong VK, Ang ASM. Antibacterial Longevity of a Novel Gallium Liquid Metal/Hydroxyapatite Composite Coating Fabricated by Plasma Spray. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:18974-18988. [PMID: 35416647 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAp)-coated metallic implants are known for their excellent bioactivity and osteoconductivity. However, infections associated with the microstructure of the HAp coatings may lead to implant failures as well as increased morbidity and mortality. This work addresses the concerns about infections by developing novel composite coatings of HAp and gallium liquid metal (GaLM) using atmospheric plasma spray (APS) as the coating technique. Five weight percent Ga was mixed into a commercially supplied HAp powder using an orbital shaker; then, the HAp-Ga particle feedstock was coated onto Ti6Al4V substrates using the APS technique. The X-ray diffraction results indicated that Ga did not form any Ga-related phases in either the HAp-Ga powder or the respective coating. The GaLM filled the pores of the HAp coating presented both on the top surface and within the coating, especially at voids and cracks, to prevent failures of the coating at these locations. The wettability of the surface was changed from hydrophobic for the HAp coating to hydrophilic for the HAp-Ga composite coating. Finally, the HAp-Ga coating presented excellent antibacterial efficacies against both initial attachments and established biofilms generated from methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa after 18 h and 7 days of incubation in comparison to the control HAp coating. This study shows that GaLM improves the antibacterial properties of HAp-based coatings without sacrificing the beneficial properties of conventional HAp coatings. Thus, the HAp-Ga APS coating is a viable candidate for antibacterial coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy Quang Pham
- ARC Training Centre for Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), Department of Mechanical Engineering & Product Design Engineering, School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Sheeana Gangadoo
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Christopher C Berndt
- ARC Training Centre for Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), Department of Mechanical Engineering & Product Design Engineering, School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - James Chapman
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Jiali Zhai
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Andrew S M Ang
- ARC Training Centre for Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), Department of Mechanical Engineering & Product Design Engineering, School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
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20
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Daskalakis E, Huang B, Vyas C, Acar AA, Liu F, Fallah A, Cooper G, Weightman A, Blunn G, Koç B, Bartolo P. Bone Bricks: The Effect of Architecture and Material Composition on the Mechanical and Biological Performance of Bone Scaffolds. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:7515-7530. [PMID: 35284712 PMCID: PMC8908495 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Large bone loss injuries require high-performance scaffolds with an architecture and material composition resembling native bone. However, most bone scaffold studies focus on three-dimensional (3D) structures with simple rectangular or circular geometries and uniform pores, not able to recapitulate the geometric characteristics of the native tissue. This paper addresses this limitation by proposing novel anatomically designed scaffolds (bone bricks) with nonuniform pore dimensions (pore size gradients) designed based on new lay-dawn pattern strategies. The gradient design allows one to tailor the properties of the bricks and together with the incorporation of ceramic materials allows one to obtain structures with high mechanical properties (higher than reported in the literature for the same material composition) and improved biological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Daskalakis
- School of Mechanical,
Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University
of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Boyang Huang
- School of Mechanical,
Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University
of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Cian Vyas
- School of Mechanical,
Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University
of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Anil A. Acar
- Integrated
Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
- SUNUM Nanotechnology
Research Center, Sabanci University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci
University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fengyuan Liu
- Department of
Mechanical Engineering, School of Civil, Aerospace and Mechanical
Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University
of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TR, U.K.
| | - Ali Fallah
- Integrated
Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
- SUNUM Nanotechnology
Research Center, Sabanci University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci
University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Glen Cooper
- School of Mechanical,
Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University
of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Andrew Weightman
- School of Mechanical,
Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University
of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Gordon Blunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, PortsmouthPO1 2DT, U.K.
| | - Bahattin Koç
- Integrated
Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
- SUNUM Nanotechnology
Research Center, Sabanci University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci
University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Paulo Bartolo
- School of Mechanical,
Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University
of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, U.K.
- Singapore
Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
- ,
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21
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Effect on Rheological Properties and 3D Printability of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Microporous Particles in Hydrocolloid-Based Hydrogels. Gels 2022; 8:gels8010028. [PMID: 35049563 PMCID: PMC8774978 DOI: 10.3390/gels8010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of patient-specific bone substitutes with an exact fit through 3D printing is emerging as an alternative to autologous bone grafting. To the success of tissue regeneration, the material characteristics such as porosity, stiffness, and surface topography have a strong influence on the cell–material interaction and require significant attention. Printing a soft hydrocolloid-based hydrogel reinforced with irregularly-shaped microporous biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) particles (150–500 µm) is an alternative strategy for the acquisition of a complex network with good mechanical properties that could fulfill the needs of cell proliferation and regeneration. Three well-known hydrocolloids (sodium alginate, xanthan gum, and gelatin) have been combined with BCP particles to generate stable, homogenous, and printable solid dispersions. Through rheological assessment, it was determined that the crosslinking time, printing process parameters (infill density percentage and infill pattern), as well as BCP particle size and concentration all influence the stiffness of the printed matrices. Additionally, the swelling behavior on fresh and dehydrated 3D-printed structures was investigated, where it was observed that the BCP particle characteristics influenced the constructs’ water absorption, particle diffusion out of the matrix and degradability.
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22
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Bandyopadhyay A, Bose S, Narayan R. Translation of 3D printed materials for medical applications. MRS BULLETIN 2022; 47:39-48. [PMID: 35814311 PMCID: PMC9267199 DOI: 10.1557/s43577-021-00258-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
During the past 30 years, 3D printing (3DP) technologies significantly influenced the manufacturing world, including innovation in biomedical devices. This special issue reviews recent advances in translating 3DP biomaterials and medical devices for metallic, ceramic, and polymeric devices, as well as bioprinting for organ and tissue engineering, along with regulatory issues in 3DP biomaterials. In our introductory article, besides introducing selected 3DP processes for biomaterials, current challenges and growth opportunities are also discussed. Finally, it highlights a few success stories for the 3D printed biomaterials for medical devices. We hope these articles will educate engineers, scientists, and clinicians about recent developments in translational 3DP technologies.
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23
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Medrano-David D, Lopera AM, Londoño ME, Araque-Marín P. Formulation and Characterization of a New Injectable Bone Substitute Composed PVA/Borax/CaCO 3 and Demineralized Bone Matrix. J Funct Biomater 2021; 12:46. [PMID: 34449632 PMCID: PMC8395841 DOI: 10.3390/jfb12030046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of bone-related disorders and diseases has dramatically increased in recent years around the world. Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) has been widely used as a bone implant due to its osteoinduction and bioactivity. However, the use of DBM is limited because it is a particulate material, which makes it difficult to manipulate and implant with precision. In addition, these particles are susceptible to migration to other sites. To address this situation, DBM is commonly incorporated into a variety of carriers. An injectable scaffold has advantages over bone grafts or preformed scaffolds, such as the ability to flow and fill a bone defect. The aim of this research was to develop a DBM carrier with such viscoelastic properties in order to obtain an injectable bone substitute (IBS). The developed DBM carrier consisted of a PVA/glycerol network cross-linked with borax and reinforced with CaCO3 as a pH neutralizer, porosity generator, and source of Ca. The physicochemical properties were determined by an injectability test, FTIR, SEM, and TGA. Porosity, degradation, bioactivity, possible cytotoxic effect, and proliferation in osteoblasts were also determined. The results showed that the developed material has great potential to be used in bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Medrano-David
- Research Group GIBEC, Life Sciences Faculty, EIA University, Envigado 055420, Colombia; (A.M.L.); (M.E.L.)
| | - Aura María Lopera
- Research Group GIBEC, Life Sciences Faculty, EIA University, Envigado 055420, Colombia; (A.M.L.); (M.E.L.)
| | - Martha Elena Londoño
- Research Group GIBEC, Life Sciences Faculty, EIA University, Envigado 055420, Colombia; (A.M.L.); (M.E.L.)
| | - Pedronel Araque-Marín
- Research and Innovation Group in Chemical Formulations, Life Sciences Faculty, EIA University, Envigado 055420, Colombia;
- CECOLTEC, Medellín 050022, Colombia
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Bose S, Bhattacharjee A, Banerjee D, Boccaccini AR, Bandyopadhyay A. Influence of random and designed porosities on 3D printed tricalcium phosphate-bioactive glass scaffolds. ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2021; 40:101895. [PMID: 34692425 PMCID: PMC8530344 DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2021.101895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate (CaP)-based ceramics are a popular choice for bone-graft applications due to their compositional similarities with bone. Similarly, Bioactive glass (BG) is also common for bone tissue engineering applications due to its excellent biocompatibility and bone binding ability. We report tricalcium phosphate (TCP)-BG (45S5 BG) composite scaffolds using conventional processing and binder jetting-based 3D printing (3DP) technique. We hypothesize that BG's addition in TCP will enhance densification via liquid phase sintering and improve mechanical properties. Further, BG addition to TCP should modulate the dissolution kinetics in vitro. This work's scientific objective is to understand the influence of random vs. designed porosity in TCP-BG ceramics towards variations in compressive strength and in vitro biocompatibility. Our findings indicate that a 5 wt % BG in TCP composite shows a compressive strength of 26.7 ± 2.7 MPa for random porosity structures having a total porosity of ~47.9%. The same composition in a designed porosity structure shows a compressive strength of 21.3 ± 2.9 MPa, having a total porosity of ~54.1%. Scaffolds are also tested for their dissolution kinetics and in vitro bone cell materials interaction, where TCP-BG compositions show favorable bone cell materials interactions. The addition of BG enhances a flaky hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) layer in 8 weeks in vitro. Our research shows that the porous TCP- BG scaffolds, fabricated via binder jetting method with enhanced mechanical properties and dissolution properties can be utilized in bone graft applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Bose
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
- Corresponding author. (S. Bose)
| | - Arjak Bhattacharjee
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Dishary Banerjee
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Amit Bandyopadhyay
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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