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Wei Y, Guo J, Meng T, Gao T, Mai Y, Zuo W, Yang J. The potential application of complement inhibitors-loaded nanosystem for autoimmune diseases via regulation immune balance. J Drug Target 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38491993 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2332730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The complement is an important arm of the innate immune system, once activated, the complement system rapidly generates large quantities of protein fragments that are potent mediators of inflammation. Recent studies have shown that over-activated complement is the main proinflammatory system of autoimmune diseases (ADs). In addition, activated complements interact with autoantibodies, immune cells exacerbate inflammation, further worsening ADs. With the increasing threat of ADs to human health, complement-based immunotherapy has attracted wide attention. Nevertheless, efficient and targeted delivery of complement inhibitors remains a significant challenge owing to their inherent poor targeting, degradability, and low bioavailability. Nanosystems offer innovative solutions to surmount these obstacles and amplify the potency of complement inhibitors. This prime aim to present the current knowledge of complement in ADs, analyse the function of complement in the pathogenesis and treatment of ADs, we underscore the current situation of nanosystems assisting complement inhibitors in the treatment of ADs. Considering technological, physiological, and clinical validation challenges, we critically appraise the challenges for successfully translating the findings of preclinical studies of these nanosystem assisted-complement inhibitors into the clinic, and future perspectives were also summarised. (The graphical abstract is by BioRender.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jueshuo Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Tingting Meng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ting Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yaping Mai
- School of Science and Technology Centers, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wenbao Zuo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jianhong Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Stefanile A, Cellerino M, Koudriavtseva T. Elevated risk of thrombotic manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cancer patients: A literature review. EXCLI JOURNAL 2022; 21:906-920. [PMID: 36172074 PMCID: PMC9489888 DOI: 10.17179/excli2022-5073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) results in higher risks of hospitalization or death in older patients and those with multiple comorbidities, including malignancies. Patients with cancer have greater risks of COVID-19 onset and worse prognosis. This excess is mainly explained by thrombotic complications. Indeed, an imbalance in the equilibrium between clot formation and bleeding, increased activation of coagulation, and endothelial dysfunction characterize both COVID-19 patients and those with cancer. With this review, we provide a summary of the pathological mechanisms of coagulation and thrombotic manifestations in these patients and discuss the possible therapeutic implications of these phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annunziata Stefanile
- Department Clinical Pathology and Cancer Biobank, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Istituti Fisioterapici Ospitalieri (IFO), 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cellerino
- Department of Clinical Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IFO, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy,Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Mother-Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Maria Cellerino, Department of Clinical Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IFO, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy and Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Mother-Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, E-mail:
| | - Tatiana Koudriavtseva
- Medical Direction, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Istituti Fisioterapici Ospitalieri (IFO), 00144 Rome, Italy
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Jing H, Zuo N, Novakovic VA, Shi J. The Central Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Mechanisms of Thrombosis in COVID-19 Patients With Cancer and Therapeutic Strategies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:792335. [PMID: 35096822 PMCID: PMC8790316 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.792335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer patients have increased SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and are prone to developing severe COVID-19 infections. The incidence of venous thrombosis is approximately 20% in COVID-19 patients with cancer. It has been suggested that thrombus formation has been suggested to correlate with severe clinical manifestations, mortality, and sequelae. In this review, we primarily elaborate on the pathophysiological mechanisms of thrombosis in COVID-19 patients with cancer, emphasize the role of microparticles (MPs) and phosphatidylserine (PS) in coagulation, and propose an antithrombotic strategy. The coagulation mechanisms of COVID-19 and cancer synergistically amplify the coagulation cascade, and collectively promotes pulmonary microvascular occlusion. During systemic coagulation, the virus activates immune cells to release abundant proinflammatory cytokines, referred to as cytokine storm, resulting in the apoptosis of tumor and blood cells and subsequent MPs release. Additionally, we highlight that tumor cells contribute to MPs and coagulation by apoptosis owing to insufficient blood supply. A positive feedback loop of cytokines storm and MPs storm promotes microvascular coagulation storm, leading to microthrombi formation and inadequate blood perfusion. Microthrombi-damaged endothelial cells (ECs), tumor, and blood cells further aggravate the apoptosis of the cells and facilitate MPs storm. PS, especially on MPs, plays a pivotal role in the blood coagulation process, contributing to clot initiation, amplification, and propagation. Since coagulation is a common pathway of COVID-19 and cancer, and associated with mortality, patients would benefit from antithrombotic therapy. The above results lead us to assert that early stage antithrombotic therapy is optimal. This strategy is likely to maintain blood flow patency contributing to viral clearance, attenuating the formation of cytokines and MPs storm, maintaining oxygen saturation, and avoiding the progress of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijiao Jing
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Zuo
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Valerie A Novakovic
- Department of Research, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jialan Shi
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Research, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Editorial to "Journey into the immunological properties of engineered nanomaterials: There and back again". Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 181:114100. [PMID: 34954314 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Peng T, Xu W, Li Q, Ding Y, Huang Y. Pharmaceutical liposomal delivery—specific considerations of innovation and challenges. Biomater Sci 2022; 11:62-75. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01252a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Liposomal technology can enhance drug solubility and stability, achieving codelivery for combination therapy, and modulate the in vivo fate (e.g., site-specific distribution and controlled release), thereby improving treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoxing Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weihua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients, Shanghai 201203, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Institutes of Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528437, China
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