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Individual characteristics of adolescent psychiatric patients accessing psychotherapy in China. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16943. [PMID: 36210367 PMCID: PMC9548501 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Most mental health problems develop during childhood and adolescence, so identifying the mental health needs and care pathways of adolescents is crucial to improving prevention. This study aimed to understand the characteristics of adolescent patients with mental disorders receiving psychotherapy in China. Data were collected retrospectively from the psychotherapy records of 116 patients at the Weifang Mental Health Centre. Information collected included demographics, stressors, duration of psychotherapy, and clinical diagnosis. Chi-square tests and negative binomial regression models were used to explore the relationship between demographic and clinical variables. The results showed that depression was the most common diagnosis, followed by anxiety and stress-related disorders and bipolar and related disorders. Rural patients were more likely to report family stress, while urban patients were more likely to report school stress. Female patients were more likely to report family stress and to be diagnosed with depression. Family stress, social stress, school stress, patient origin and economic conditions were all significant predictors of the duration of psychological treatment. This study helps to understand the characteristics and psychotherapeutic needs of adolescents with mental disorders who receive psychotherapy in China so that the positive role of psychotherapy in the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of mental disorders can be better utilised.
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Cayubit RFO, Dimaculangan DMH, Lim SMG, Sanchez GMJB, Pazcoguin JMA, Reyes MES. Social networking and depressive symptom: Predictors of non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02541-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Liu S, Lin MP, Lee YT, Wu JYW, Hu WH, You J. Internet addiction and nonsuicidal self-injury in adolescence: Associations with offline and online social support. J Clin Psychol 2021; 78:971-982. [PMID: 34655439 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Both nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and Internet addiction (IA) are important health issues for adolescents, and social support has been extensively examined as a protective factor for both. This study aims to compare the effect of offline and online social support on IA, and that on NSSI as well. METHOD A total of 1911 Chinese adolescents (53.27% females, Mage = 16.83 ± 0.37) completed self-report questionnaires assessing offline social support, online social support, IA, and NSSI. RESULTS The structural equation modeling analysis showed that offline social support was negatively associated with IA and NSSI, while online social support was positively associated with IA and NSSI; IA was positively associated with NSSI. Furthermore, implications for preventions and interventions of IA and NSSI were discussed. The indirect model explained a relatively small variance of NSSI, indicating the possibility of additional factors in the development of NSSI that should be further investigated. CONCLUSION This study indicated the differences between offline and online social support, and their different associations with IA and NSSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Liu
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Min-Pei Lin
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Ting Lee
- Department of Counseling and Guidance, National University of Tainan, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-Hsuan Hu
- Department of Counseling and Guidance, National University of Tainan, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jianing You
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, PR China
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Mettler J, Stern M, Lewis SP, Heath NL. Perceived vs. Actual Emotion Reactivity and Regulation in Individuals With and Without a History of NSSI. Front Psychol 2021; 12:612792. [PMID: 33732185 PMCID: PMC7957059 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.612792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has consistently been associated with self-reported difficulties in emotion reactivity and the regulation of negative emotions; however, less is known about the accuracy of these self-reports or the reactivity and regulation of positive emotions. The present study sought to investigate differences between women with and without a history of NSSI on: (a) self-reported general tendencies of negative and positive emotion reactivity, (b) self-reported general tendencies of negative and positive emotion regulation, and (c) emotion regulation reported in response to a positive and negative mood induction. The sample consisted of 36 women with a recent history of NSSI within the last 2 years (Mage = 20.06; SD = 1.51) and a comparison group with no history of NSSI (n = 34; Mage = 20.15; SD = 1.54). Participants completed self-report measures of negative and positive emotion reactivity and regulation. In a separate session, participants underwent both a negative and positive mood induction using a counterbalanced design and reported their experienced emotions. Results from two-way MANOVAs and ANOVAs revealed those with a history of NSSI reported significantly greater difficulties in negative emotion reactivity and regulation than the no-NSSI comparison group; however, no group differences emerged in self-reported reactivity or regulation of positive emotions. In contrast, repeated measures ANOVAs on data from the mood induction task found no group differences in reactivity or regulation for either negative or positive emotions. These findings highlight the possibility that although individuals with a history of NSSI evaluate their ability to manage negative emotions as significantly worse than individuals with no history of self-injury, this may not reflect their actual emotion regulatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Mettler
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Melissa Stern
- West Island Neuropsychology and Counseling Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stephen P Lewis
- Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Nancy L Heath
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Fulcher JA, Dunbar S, Orlando E, Woodruff SJ, Santarossa S. #selfharn on Instagram: understanding online communities surrounding non-suicidal self-injury through conversations and common properties among authors. Digit Health 2020; 6:2055207620922389. [PMID: 32426154 PMCID: PMC7218342 DOI: 10.1177/2055207620922389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives #selfharm has been blocked by Instagram, but manoeuvring hashtags (e.g. #selfharn) are beginning to appear in order for secret non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) communities to communicate. The purpose of this study was to (a) determine the nature of the #selfharn conversation on Instagram, (b) analyze common properties of the visual content (i.e. images and videos; n = 93) tagged with #selfharn, and (c) discover what kind of environment the authors (n = 50) of #selfharn were creating. Methods A multi-method approach was utilized for this study. Netlytic was used to generate a text and content analysis to examine the authors’ captions and comments (n = 8772) associated with #selfharn (collected over a seven-day period). Results After removing #selfharn from the dataset, the text analysis revealed that #depression (n = 3081) and #suicide (n = 2270) were the most commonly used terms associated with #selfharn. Overall, 52% (n = 4386) of the popular words/phrases related with #selfharn posts were categorized as ‘bad feelings’. Through manual coding, it was determined that the majority of #selfharn visual content (n = 92; 99%) did not generate an advisory warning but did contain a wound (n = 70; 75%). The #selfharn author analysis suggests that most were women (n = 18; 36%) with a dark-coloured profile aesthetic (n = 37; 74%) determined by an overwhelming amount of grey, black, blue, red, or purple colours. Conclusion According to the text and content analyses, #selfharn on Instagram may be contributing negatively to an online community of mental-health issues. More resources should be provided by Instagram to those who are involved in the NSSI Instagram community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jory A Fulcher
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Windsor, Canada
| | - Sarah Dunbar
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Windsor, Canada
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Schwartz-Mette RA, Lawrence HR. Peer Socialization of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents' Close Friendships. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 47:1851-1862. [PMID: 31209626 PMCID: PMC6812616 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-019-00569-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), or self-harming behavior without intent to die (Nock Current Directions in Psychological Science, 18, 78-83, 2009), is associated with distress and impairment across domains, including increased risk for suicidality (Kiekens et al. Journal of Affective Disorders, 239, 171-179, 2018). In adolescence, prevalence of NSSI is high (Swannell et al. Suicide and Life-threatening Behavior, 44, 273-303, 2014), and peer influence regarding NSSI is thought to be strong (Brechwald and Prinstein Journal of Research on Adolescence, 21, 166-79, 2011). Although concern regarding "clusters" of NSSI has long been documented, peer socialization of NSSI in adolescence is understudied. This paper tests peer influence on NSSI frequency within adolescent friendship dyads. Emotion regulation difficulties and friendship quality were evaluated as factors that may influence susceptibility to peer influence effects. Adolescents (N = 196, M age = 15.68, 69.9% female, 87.6% White) nested within 93 friendship dyads reported on their own NSSI frequency, difficulties in emotion regulation, and friendship quality at three time points spaced 3 months apart. Cross-lagged Actor-Partner Interdependence Models examined peer influence effects over time. Friends' Time 1 frequency of NSSI uniquely predicted adolescents' own NSSI frequency over 3 and 6 months, controlling for initial similarity among friends as well as individual risk factors for NSSI. Peer influence effects were strongest in adolescents with higher levels of emotion regulation difficulty but did not vary as a function of friendship quality. Friends' NSSI frequency is a significant and unique predictor of increases in adolescents' own NSSI frequency over time. Implications for interventions that leverage the important developmental context of peer relationships are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hannah R Lawrence
- Department of Psychology, University of Maine, 301 Little Hall, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
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Dixon LJ, Cohen RT, Baer MM, Gratz KL, Tull MT. Relations of anxiety sensitivity dimensions to nonsuicidal self-injury frequency and versatility among patients with substance use disorders. J Clin Psychol 2019; 75:1613-1625. [PMID: 30995353 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the theoretical and empirical relevance of anxiety sensitivity (AS) to nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), few studies have investigated this association. This study examined the incremental validity of AS dimensions in NSSI frequency and versatility, above and beyond emotion dysregulation and relevant covariates (racial/ethnic background, negative affectivity). AS dimensions were expected to account for additional unique variance in NSSI outcomes. METHOD Participants included 204 patients (50.5% female) with substance use disorders in residential treatment. RESULTS In this sample, 37.2% reported a history of NSSI. The hierarchical regression models revealed a unique positive association between AS social concerns and NSSI outcomes when adjusting for model variables. In contrast, AS physical concerns were uniquely negatively associated with NSSI outcomes. CONCLUSION Findings provide support for AS social concerns as a vulnerability for engagement in NSSI behaviors and highlight this particular AS dimension as a potential treatment target for NSSI prevention and intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Dixon
- Department of Psychology, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi
| | - Rivka T Cohen
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Margaret M Baer
- Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Kim L Gratz
- Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Matthew T Tull
- Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio
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Zinchuk MS, Avedisova AS, Guekht AB. Nonsuicidal self-injury behavior in non-psychotic disorders: epidemiology, social and clinical risk factors. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019; 119:108-119. [DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2019119031108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Holth F, Walby F, Røstbakken T, Lunde I, Ringen PA, Ramleth RK, Romm KL, Tveit T, Torgersen T, Urnes Ø, Kvarstein EH. Extreme challenges: psychiatric inpatients with severe self-harming behavior in Norway: a national screening investigation. Nord J Psychiatry 2018; 72:605-612. [PMID: 30348040 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2018.1511751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extreme self-harming behavior is a major challenge for patients and health services. Nevertheless, this patient population is poorly described in research literature. AIMS The aim of this study was to assess the volume of patients with extensive psychiatric hospitalization due to extreme self-harming behaviors, the extent of severe medical sequelae, and collaboration problems within health services. METHODS In a national screening investigation, department managers in 83 adult psychiatric inpatient institutions across all health regions in Norway were invited to participate in a brief, prepared, telephone interview. RESULTS Sixty-one interviews were completed. Extensive hospitalization (prolonged or multiple) due to extreme self-harm was reported for the last year in all health regions and in 427 individual cases. Mean number of cases did not differ by region. Psychiatric hospitalizations were more frequent in hospital units than mental health centers. In 109 of the cases, self-harming behavior had severe medical consequences, including five deaths. In 122 of the cases, substantial collaboration problems within the health services were reported (disagreements on diagnosis, treatment needs and resources). Extensive (long-term) hospitalization was particularly associated with the combination of severe medical sequelae and collaboration problems. CONCLUSION This investigation confirms a noteworthy, nationwide, population of severely self-harming inpatients with extensive health service use, prevalent severe medical complications, and unsatisfactory collaboration within health services. These preliminary results are alarming, and indicate a need for more profound understanding of highly complex and severe cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Holth
- a Section for Personality Psychiatry , Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - Fredrik Walby
- b Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Thea Røstbakken
- b Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Ingeborg Lunde
- c Trauma and Suicide Prevention , Regional Centre on Violence , East, Oslo , Norway
| | | | | | | | - Tone Tveit
- e Haukeland University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | | | - Øyvind Urnes
- a Section for Personality Psychiatry , Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - Elfrida Hartveit Kvarstein
- a Section for Personality Psychiatry , Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway.,g Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
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