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Mäkitaipale J, Opsomer H, Steiner R, Riond B, Liesegang A, Clauss M, Hatt JM. Serum vitamin D concentrations in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) are more affected by UVB irradiation of food than irradiation of animals. Vet J 2024:106149. [PMID: 38815799 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Rabbits kept under ultraviolet B (UVB)-irradiation respond with increasing serum vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations, but it is unknown whether irradiation of the animals or their feed contributes more. Twenty-four New Zealand White rabbits were divided into three groups for a four-week period: the control group (C) received no UVB-exposure and non-irradiated hay (ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) concentration 2.22µg/100g dry matter). The direct exposure group (D) was provided with 12hours of UVB-irradiation daily and fed the same hay as group C in shaded areas to prevent UVB-irradiation thereof. The indirect exposure group (I) did not receive direct UVB-irradiation but was fed hay of the same batch that was exposed to 12hours of UVB-irradiation (vitamin D2 6.06µg/100g dry matter). Serum 25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3, ionised calcium, total calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium concentrations were measured weekly. There was no systematic effect on serum mineral concentrations. The serum 25(OH)D2 concentrations were significantly higher in group I compared to groups C and D from the second week onwards. 25(OH)D3 concentrations increased only in group D, with significant differences to both other groups from the third week onwards, yet at lower magnitudes than the noted increase of 25(OH)D2 in group I. Total 25(OH)D concentrations were highest in group I, intermediate in group D and lowest in group C. Serum total 25(OH)D concentration was more affected by UVB-irradiation of rabbits' feed than by direct irradiation of the animals themselves. If rabbit serum total 25(OH)D concentrations should be managed, diet manipulation rather than animal UVB-exposure appears to be more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mäkitaipale
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 57, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - H Opsomer
- Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R Steiner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B Riond
- Clinical Laboratory, Department for Clinical Diagnosis and Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Liesegang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 270, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Clauss
- Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J-M Hatt
- Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Spyksma EE, Alexandridou A, Mai K, Volmer DA, Stokes CS. An Overview of Different Vitamin D Compounds in the Setting of Adiposity. Nutrients 2024; 16:231. [PMID: 38257127 PMCID: PMC10820956 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
A large body of research shows an association between higher body weight and low vitamin D status, as assessed using serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. Vitamin D can be metabolised in adipose tissue and has been reported to influence gene expression and modulate inflammation and adipose tissue metabolism in vitro. However, the exact metabolism of vitamin D in adipose tissue is currently unknown. White adipose tissue expresses the vitamin D receptor and hydroxylase enzymes, substantially involved in vitamin D metabolism and efficacy. The distribution and concentrations of the generated vitamin D compounds in adipose tissue, however, are largely unknown. Closing this knowledge gap could help to understand whether the different vitamin D compounds have specific health effects in the setting of adiposity. This review summarises the current evidence for a role of vitamin D in adipose tissue and discusses options to accurately measure vitamin D compounds in adipose tissue using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva E. Spyksma
- Food and Health Research Group, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
- Bioanalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Humboldt University Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (A.A.); (D.A.V.)
| | - Anastasia Alexandridou
- Bioanalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Humboldt University Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (A.A.); (D.A.V.)
| | - Knut Mai
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, 90451 Nuremberg, Germany
- Department of Human Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Dietrich A. Volmer
- Bioanalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Humboldt University Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (A.A.); (D.A.V.)
| | - Caroline S. Stokes
- Food and Health Research Group, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
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