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Proehl JA, Barnason S, Kaiser J, Bradford JY, Gilmore L, Horigan AE, MacPherson-Dias R, Slivinski A, Van Dusen K, Vanhoy MA, Bishop-Royse J, Delao AM. ENA Clinical Practice Guideline Synopsis: Screening Older Adults for Cognitive Impairment. J Emerg Nurs 2024; 50:17-21. [PMID: 38212096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jen.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
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Nowroozpoor A, Dussetschleger J, Perry W, Sano M, Aloysi A, Belleville M, Brackett A, Hirshon JM, Hung W, Moccia JM, Ohuabunwa U, Shah MN, Hwang U. Detecting Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in the Emergency Department: A Scoping Review. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2022; 23:1314.e31-1314.e88. [PMID: 35940682 PMCID: PMC10804640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2022.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify research and practice gaps to establish future research priorities to advance the detection of cognitive impairment and dementia in the emergency department (ED). DESIGN Literature review and consensus-based rankings by a transdisciplinary, stakeholder task force of experts, persons living with dementia, and care partners. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Scoping reviews focused on adult ED patients. METHODS Two systematic scoping reviews of 7 medical research databases focusing on best tools and approaches for detecting cognitive impairment and dementia in the ED in terms of (1) most accurate and (2) most pragmatic to implement. The results were screened, reviewed, and abstracted for relevant information and presented at the stakeholder consensus conference for discussion and ranked prioritization. RESULTS We identified a total of 1464 publications and included 45 to review for accurate tools and approaches for detecting cognitive impairment and dementia. Twenty-seven different assessments and instruments have been studied in the ED setting to evaluate cognitive impairment and dementia, with many focusing on sensitivity and specificity of instruments to screen for cognitive impairment. For pragmatic tools, we identified a total of 2166 publications and included 66 in the review. Most extensively studied tools included the Ottawa 3DY and Six-Item Screener (SIS). The SIS was the shortest to administer (1 minute). Instruments with the highest negative predictive value were the SIS (vs MMSE) and the 4 A's Test (vs expert diagnosis). The GEAR 2.0 Advancing Dementia Care Consensus conference ranked research priorities that included the need for more approaches to recognize more effectively and efficiently persons who may be at risk for cognitive impairment and dementia, while balancing the importance of equitable screening, purpose, and consequences of differentiating various forms of cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The scoping review and consensus process identified gaps in clinical care that should be prioritized for research efforts to detect cognitive impairment and dementia in the ED setting. These gaps will be addressed as future GEAR 2.0 research funding priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Nowroozpoor
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jeff Dussetschleger
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - William Perry
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mary Sano
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Research and Development, James J. Peters VAMC, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Amy Aloysi
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Alexandria Brackett
- Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jon Mark Hirshon
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - William Hung
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Ugochi Ohuabunwa
- Division of General Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Manish N Shah
- Berbee Walsh Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medicine (Geriatrics and Gerontology), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ula Hwang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
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Ellis B, Brousseau AA, Eagles D, Sinclair D, Melady D. Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians position statement on care of older people in Canadian Emergency Departments: executive summary. CAN J EMERG MED 2022; 24:376-381. [PMID: 35532853 DOI: 10.1007/s43678-022-00315-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Ellis
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada.
| | - Audrey-Anne Brousseau
- Département de médecine familiale et de médecine d'urgence, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Debra Eagles
- Department of Emergency Medicine and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Douglas Sinclair
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Don Melady
- Faculty of Medicine, Schwartz/Reisman Emergency Medicine Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Gamborg ML, Mehlsen M, Paltved C, Tramm G, Musaeus P. Conceptualizations of clinical decision-making: a scoping review in geriatric emergency medicine. BMC Emerg Med 2020; 20:73. [PMID: 32928158 PMCID: PMC7489001 DOI: 10.1186/s12873-020-00367-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical decision-making (CDM) is an important competency for young doctors especially under complex and uncertain conditions in geriatric emergency medicine (GEM). However, research in this field is characterized by vague conceptualizations of CDM. To evolve and evaluate evidence-based knowledge of CDM, it is important to identify different definitions and their operationalizations in studies on GEM. OBJECTIVE A scoping review of empirical articles was conducted to provide an overview of the documented evidence of findings and conceptualizations of CDM in GEM. METHODS A detailed search for empirical studies focusing on CDM in a GEM setting was conducted in PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, EMBASE and Web of Science. In total, 52 publications were included in the analysis, utilizing a data extraction sheet, following the PRISMA guidelines. Reported outcomes were summarized. RESULTS Four themes of operationalization of CDM emerged: CDM as dispositional decisions, CDM as cognition, CDM as a model, and CDM as clinical judgement. Study results and conclusions naturally differed according to how CDM was conceptualized. Thus, frailty-heuristics lead to biases in treatment of geriatric patients and the complexity of this patient group was seen as a challenge for young physicians engaging in CDM. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review summarizes how different studies in GEM use the term CDM. It provides an analysis of findings in GEM and call for more stringent definitions of CDM in future research, so that it might lead to better clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Louise Gamborg
- Centre for Health Sciences Education, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Corporate HR MidtSim, Central Region of Denmark & Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Mimi Mehlsen
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Paltved
- Corporate HR MidtSim, Central Region of Denmark & Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gitte Tramm
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter Musaeus
- Centre for Health Sciences Education, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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