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Santaniello C, Faversani A, Corsaro L, Melloni G, Motta S, Mandorino E, Sacco D, Stioui S, Ferrara F, Barteselli D, De Vita D, Manuelli D, Costantino L. Characterization of a New Variant in ARHGAP31 Probably Involved in Adams-Oliver Syndrome in a Family with a Variable Phenotypic Spectrum. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:536. [PMID: 38790165 PMCID: PMC11120939 DOI: 10.3390/genes15050536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Adams-Oliver syndrome is a rare inherited condition characterized by scalp defects and limb abnormalities. It is caused by variants in different genes such as ARHGAP31. Here, we used an interdisciplinary approach to study a family with lower limb anomalies. We identified a novel variant in the ARHGAP31 gene that is predicted to result in a truncated protein with a constitutively activated catalytic site due to the loss of 688 amino acids involved in the C-terminal domain, essential for protein auto-inhibition. Pathogenic variants in ARHGAP31 exon 12, leading to a premature protein termination, are associated with Adams-Oliver syndrome. Bioinformatic analysis was useful to elucidate the impact of the identified genetic variant on protein structure. To better understand the impact of the identified variant, 3D protein models were predicted for the ARHGAP31 wild type, the newly discovered variant, and other pathogenetic alterations already reported. Our study identified a novel variant probably involved in Adams-Oliver syndrome and increased the evidence on the phenotypic variability in patients affected by this syndrome, underlining the importance of translational research, including experimental and bioinformatics analyses. This strategy represents a successful model to investigate molecular mechanisms involved in syndrome occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Santaniello
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, 20147 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (A.F.); (L.C.); (G.M.); (S.M.); (E.M.); (D.S.); (S.S.); (D.B.); (D.D.V.); (D.M.)
| | - Alice Faversani
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, 20147 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (A.F.); (L.C.); (G.M.); (S.M.); (E.M.); (D.S.); (S.S.); (D.B.); (D.D.V.); (D.M.)
| | - Luigi Corsaro
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, 20147 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (A.F.); (L.C.); (G.M.); (S.M.); (E.M.); (D.S.); (S.S.); (D.B.); (D.D.V.); (D.M.)
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Science, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Melloni
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, 20147 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (A.F.); (L.C.); (G.M.); (S.M.); (E.M.); (D.S.); (S.S.); (D.B.); (D.D.V.); (D.M.)
| | - Silvia Motta
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, 20147 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (A.F.); (L.C.); (G.M.); (S.M.); (E.M.); (D.S.); (S.S.); (D.B.); (D.D.V.); (D.M.)
| | - Elena Mandorino
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, 20147 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (A.F.); (L.C.); (G.M.); (S.M.); (E.M.); (D.S.); (S.S.); (D.B.); (D.D.V.); (D.M.)
| | - Davide Sacco
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, 20147 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (A.F.); (L.C.); (G.M.); (S.M.); (E.M.); (D.S.); (S.S.); (D.B.); (D.D.V.); (D.M.)
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Science, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Sabine Stioui
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, 20147 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (A.F.); (L.C.); (G.M.); (S.M.); (E.M.); (D.S.); (S.S.); (D.B.); (D.D.V.); (D.M.)
| | - Fulvio Ferrara
- Integrated Laboratory Medicine Services, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, 20147 Milan, Italy;
| | - Davide Barteselli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, 20147 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (A.F.); (L.C.); (G.M.); (S.M.); (E.M.); (D.S.); (S.S.); (D.B.); (D.D.V.); (D.M.)
| | - Dario De Vita
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, 20147 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (A.F.); (L.C.); (G.M.); (S.M.); (E.M.); (D.S.); (S.S.); (D.B.); (D.D.V.); (D.M.)
| | - Debora Manuelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, 20147 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (A.F.); (L.C.); (G.M.); (S.M.); (E.M.); (D.S.); (S.S.); (D.B.); (D.D.V.); (D.M.)
| | - Lucy Costantino
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, 20147 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (A.F.); (L.C.); (G.M.); (S.M.); (E.M.); (D.S.); (S.S.); (D.B.); (D.D.V.); (D.M.)
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Engfer ZJ, Lewandowski D, Dong Z, Palczewska G, Zhang J, Kordecka K, Płaczkiewicz J, Panas D, Foik AT, Tabaka M, Palczewski K. Distinct mouse models of Stargardt disease display differences in pharmacological targeting of ceramides and inflammatory responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2314698120. [PMID: 38064509 PMCID: PMC10723050 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314698120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in many visual cycle enzymes in photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells can lead to the chronic accumulation of toxic retinoid byproducts, which poison photoreceptors and the underlying RPE if left unchecked. Without a functional ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A, member 4 (ABCA4), there is an elevation of all-trans-retinal and prolonged buildup of all-trans-retinal adducts, resulting in a retinal degenerative disease known as Stargardt-1 disease. Even in this monogenic disorder, there is significant heterogeneity in the time to onset of symptoms among patients. Using a combination of molecular techniques, we studied Abca4 knockout (simulating human noncoding disease variants) and Abca4 knock-in mice (simulating human misfolded, catalytically inactive protein variants), which serve as models for Stargardt-1 disease. We compared the two strains to ascertain whether they exhibit differential responses to agents that affect cytokine signaling and/or ceramide metabolism, as alterations in either of these pathways can exacerbate retinal degenerative phenotypes. We found different degrees of responsiveness to maraviroc, a known immunomodulatory CCR5 antagonist, and to the ceramide-lowering agent AdipoRon, an agonist of the ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2 receptors. The two strains also display different degrees of transcriptional deviation from matched WT controls. Our phenotypic comparison of the two distinct Abca4 mutant-mouse models sheds light on potential therapeutic avenues previously unexplored in the treatment of Stargardt disease and provides a surrogate assay for assessing the effectiveness for genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J. Engfer
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA92697
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Dominik Lewandowski
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Zhiqian Dong
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Grazyna Palczewska
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Jianye Zhang
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Katarzyna Kordecka
- Ophthalmic Biology Group, International Centre for Translational Eye Research, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw01-224, Poland
| | - Jagoda Płaczkiewicz
- Ophthalmic Biology Group, International Centre for Translational Eye Research, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw01-224, Poland
| | - Damian Panas
- International Centre for Translational Eye Research, Warsaw01-224, Poland
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw01-224, Poland
| | - Andrzej T. Foik
- Ophthalmic Biology Group, International Centre for Translational Eye Research, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw01-224, Poland
| | - Marcin Tabaka
- International Centre for Translational Eye Research, Warsaw01-224, Poland
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw01-224, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Palczewski
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA92697
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA92697
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA92697
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA92697
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van den Berg NWE, Kawasaki M, Nariswari FA, Fabrizi B, Neefs J, van der Made I, Wesselink R, van Boven WJP, Driessen AHG, Jongejan A, de Groot JR. MicroRNAs in atrial fibrillation target genes in structural remodelling. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 394:497-514. [PMID: 37833432 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03823-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
We aim to elucidate how miRNAs regulate the mRNA signature of atrial fibrillation (AF), to gain mechanistic insight and identify candidate targets for future therapies. We present combined miRNA-mRNA sequencing using atrial tissues of patient without AF (n = 22), with paroxysmal AF (n = 22) and with persistent AF (n = 20). mRNA sequencing previously uncovered upregulated epithelial to mesenchymal transition, endothelial cell proliferation and extracellular matrix remodelling involving glycoproteins and proteoglycans in AF. MiRNA co-sequencing discovered miRNAs regulating the mRNA expression changes. Key downregulated miRNAs included miR-135b-5p, miR-138-5p, miR-200a-3p, miR-200b-3p and miR-31-5p and key upregulated miRNAs were miR-144-3p, miR-15b-3p, miR-182-5p miR-18b-5p, miR-4306 and miR-206. MiRNA expression levels were negatively correlated with the expression levels of a multitude of predicted target genes. Downregulated miRNAs associated with increased gene expression are involved in upregulated epithelial and endothelial cell migration and glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis. In vitro inhibition of miR-135b-5p and miR-138-5p validated an effect of miRNAs on multiple predicted targets. Altogether, the discovered miRNAs may be explored in further functional studies as potential targets for anti-fibrotic therapies in AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoline W E van den Berg
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Makiri Kawasaki
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fransisca A Nariswari
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Benedetta Fabrizi
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jolien Neefs
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingeborg van der Made
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robin Wesselink
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Jan P van Boven
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antoine H G Driessen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joris R de Groot
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Kocere A, Lalonde RL, Mosimann C, Burger A. Lateral thinking in syndromic congenital cardiovascular disease. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm049735. [PMID: 37125615 PMCID: PMC10184679 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Syndromic birth defects are rare diseases that can present with seemingly pleiotropic comorbidities. Prime examples are rare congenital heart and cardiovascular anomalies that can be accompanied by forelimb defects, kidney disorders and more. Whether such multi-organ defects share a developmental link remains a key question with relevance to the diagnosis, therapeutic intervention and long-term care of affected patients. The heart, endothelial and blood lineages develop together from the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM), which also harbors the progenitor cells for limb connective tissue, kidneys, mesothelia and smooth muscle. This developmental plasticity of the LPM, which founds on multi-lineage progenitor cells and shared transcription factor expression across different descendant lineages, has the potential to explain the seemingly disparate syndromic defects in rare congenital diseases. Combining patient genome-sequencing data with model organism studies has already provided a wealth of insights into complex LPM-associated birth defects, such as heart-hand syndromes. Here, we summarize developmental and known disease-causing mechanisms in early LPM patterning, address how defects in these processes drive multi-organ comorbidities, and outline how several cardiovascular and hematopoietic birth defects with complex comorbidities may be LPM-associated diseases. We also discuss strategies to integrate patient sequencing, data-aggregating resources and model organism studies to mechanistically decode congenital defects, including potentially LPM-associated orphan diseases. Eventually, linking complex congenital phenotypes to a common LPM origin provides a framework to discover developmental mechanisms and to anticipate comorbidities in congenital diseases affecting the cardiovascular system and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Kocere
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Molecular Life Science, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert L. Lalonde
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Christian Mosimann
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Alexa Burger
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Yang XF, Shi SW, Chen K. Case report: Recombinant human epidermal growth factor gel plus kangfuxin solution in the treatment of aplasia cutis congenita in a case with Adams-Oliver syndrome. Front Surg 2023; 9:1072021. [PMID: 36713669 PMCID: PMC9874222 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.1072021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aplasia cutis congenita is a congenital disorder with the absence of skin, muscle and(or) bone. It usually affects the scalp. The presence of a large scalp defect can be potentially serious when complicated with hemorrhage and infection. Early healing of this condition is beneficial to improve the prognosis of infants. Study case A full-term newborn male was born with a round-shaped defect at the vertex of the scalp and skull (dimensions, 8 cm × 9 cm). The infant had a large deletion encompassing the 15.1 region of chromosome 15, including the DLL4 gene. Genetic testing was positive for Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS). After two months of recombinant human epidermal growth factor gel combined with kangfuxin solution therapy, the skin defects of the scalp healed remarkably. The infant had regular follow-up appointments. At the age of 5 months, the defect became smaller, hairless, and showed good granulation tissue. At 2 years of age, the child's Gesell Developmental Schedules was 70. Conclusion Recombinant human epidermal growth factor gel combined with kangfuxin solution was a successful conservative treatment for an infant with a large scalp defect accompanied by AOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Fang Yang
- Department of Neonatology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan, China,Correspondence: Xiu-Fang Yang
| | - Shang-Wen Shi
- Department of Neonatology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Kang Chen
- Molecular Inspection Center, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan, China
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Lukas M, Harald G, Sanz J, Trippel M, Sabina G, Jochen R. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in an autosomal-recessive Adams-Oliver syndrome patient with a novel frameshift pathogenic variant in the EOGT gene. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:3318-3323. [PMID: 36059114 PMCID: PMC9826191 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) of the scalp and terminal transverse limb defects (TTLD) are the characteristic findings of Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS). The variable clinical spectrum further includes cardiac, neurologic, renal, and ophthalmological findings. Associated genes in AOS are in the Notch and the CDC42/Rac1 signaling pathways. Both autosomal-dominant and autosomal-recessive inheritances have been reported, the latter with pathogenic variants in DOCK6 or EOGT. The EOGT-associated recessive type of AOS has been postulated to present a more favorable prognosis. We here report a 12-year-old girl from a refugee family of Iraq with consanguineous parents. She was born with a severe phenotype of AOS presenting a large ACC of the scalp with an underlying skull defect, which was often infected and inflamed. Afterward, additional ulceration developed. Furthermore, the girl showed microcephaly, TTLD on both hands and feet, and neurological findings: spastic paresis, epilepsy and suspicion of intellectual deficit. Molecular genetic analysis (next-generation sequencing) revealed a novel frameshift mutation in the EOGT gene in Exon 13 in homozygous constellation: c.1013dupA p.(Asn338Lysfs*24). A biopsy within an ulceration at the scalp ACC showed a cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) with local invasive growth into the dura, the meninges, and the cortex. Treatment including surgical resection and focal irradiation was not curative and the girl deceased 6 months after initial diagnosis. This report on a patient with AOS and an autosomal-recessive EOGT gene variant dying of a local aggressive cSCC at an ACC lesion shows that close monitoring of ACC is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meyer‐Landolt Lukas
- Division of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, InselspitalUniversity Hospital, University of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Gaspar Harald
- Department of Human Genetics, InselspitalBern University Hospital, University of BernBernSwitzerland,Present address:
Medical Genetics MainzMainzGermany
| | - Javier Sanz
- Department of Human Genetics, InselspitalBern University Hospital, University of BernBernSwitzerland
| | | | - Gallati Sabina
- Department of Human Genetics, InselspitalBern University Hospital, University of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Rössler Jochen
- Division of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, InselspitalUniversity Hospital, University of BernBernSwitzerland
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Tian H, Chu F, Li Y, Xu M, Li W, Li C. Synergistic effects of rare variants of ARHGAP31 and FBLN1 in vitro in terminal transverse limb defects. Front Genet 2022; 13:946854. [PMID: 36176297 PMCID: PMC9513373 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.946854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) and terminal transverse limb defects (TTLDs) are the most common features of Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS). ARHGAP31 is one of the causative genes for autosomal dominant forms of AOS, meanwhile its variants may only cause isolated TTLD. Here, we report a proband presented with apparent TTLD but not ACC. Methods: Whole exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were applied to identify causative genes. Expression vectors were constructed for transfections in mammalian cell cultures followed by biochemical and functional analysis including immunoblotting, immunofluorescence staining, and cell counting kit-8 assay. Results: WES and Sanger sequencing suggested that the proband inherited rare ARHGAP31 variant [c.2623G > A (p.Glu875Lys)] and a rare FBLN1 variant [c.1649G > A (p.Arg550His)] from one of her asymptomatic parents, respectively. Given FBLN1 variation has also been linked to syndactyly, we suspected that the two genes together contributed to the TTLD phenotype and explored their possible roles in vitro. Mutant FBLN1 showed reduced expression resulted from impaired protein stability, whereas ARHGAP31 protein expression was unaltered by mutation. Functional assays showed that only in the co-transfected group of two mutants cell viability was decreased, cell proliferation was impaired, and apoptosis was activated. Cdc42 activity was declined by both ARHGAP31 mutation and FBLN1 mutation alone, and the two together. Furthermore, the MAPK/ERK pathway was only activated by two mutants co-transfected group compared with two wild-type transfections. Conclusion: We report a case carrying two rare variants of limb defects associated genes, ARHGAP31 and FBLN1, and provide in vitro evidence that synergistic disruption of cellular functions attributed by the two mutants may potentiate the penetrance of clinical manifestations, expanding our knowledge of clinical complexity of causal gene interactions in TTLD and other genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Tian
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Hong Tian, ; Chuanzhou Li,
| | - Fan Chu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengmeng Xu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjiao Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chuanzhou Li
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Hong Tian, ; Chuanzhou Li,
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Feulner L, van Vliet PP, Puceat M, Andelfinger G. Endocardial Regulation of Cardiac Development. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9050122. [PMID: 35621833 PMCID: PMC9144171 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9050122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The endocardium is a specialized form of endothelium that lines the inner side of the heart chambers and plays a crucial role in cardiac development. While comparatively less studied than other cardiac cell types, much progress has been made in understanding the regulation of and by the endocardium over the past two decades. In this review, we will summarize what is currently known regarding endocardial origin and development, the relationship between endocardium and other cardiac cell types, and the various lineages that endocardial cells derive from and contribute to. These processes are driven by key molecular mechanisms such as Notch and BMP signaling. These pathways in particular have been well studied, but other signaling pathways and mechanical cues also play important roles. Finally, we will touch on the contribution of stem cell modeling in combination with single cell sequencing and its potential translational impact for congenital heart defects such as bicuspid aortic valves and hypoplastic left heart syndrome. The detailed understanding of cellular and molecular processes in the endocardium will be vital to further develop representative stem cell-derived models for disease modeling and regenerative medicine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Feulner
- Cardiovascular Genetics, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (L.F.); (P.P.v.V.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Patrick Piet van Vliet
- Cardiovascular Genetics, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (L.F.); (P.P.v.V.)
- LIA (International Associated Laboratory) CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada;
- LIA (International Associated Laboratory) INSERM, 13885 Marseille, France
| | - Michel Puceat
- LIA (International Associated Laboratory) CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada;
- LIA (International Associated Laboratory) INSERM, 13885 Marseille, France
- INSERM U-1251, Marseille Medical Genetics, Aix-Marseille University, 13885 Marseille, France
| | - Gregor Andelfinger
- Cardiovascular Genetics, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (L.F.); (P.P.v.V.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Rojnueangnit K, Phawan T, Khetkham T, Techasatid W, Sirichongkolthong B. A novel DLL4 mutation in Adams-Oliver syndrome with absence of the right pulmonary artery in newborn. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 188:658-664. [PMID: 34755929 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS), a rare inherited disorder, is characterized by scalp and terminal limb defects. Several genes associated with Notch pathway mutations have led to AOS. Here, we report a Thai male newborn presenting with aplasia cutis congenita and absence of a right pulmonary artery, which is suggestive of AOS. This was confirmed by the identification of a novel missense mutation in DLL4, a heterozygous one base pair change at nucleotide 82 (c.82G>C, p.Gly28Arg), which is in N-terminal domain. This is the first DLL4-related AOS case with arterial defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitiwan Rojnueangnit
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Thanyalak Phawan
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Thanitchet Khetkham
- Division of Forensic Medicine, Thammasat University Hospital, Khlong Nueng, Thailand
| | - Wilaiporn Techasatid
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Boonchu Sirichongkolthong
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
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10
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CdGAP promotes prostate cancer metastasis by regulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1042. [PMID: 34493786 PMCID: PMC8423782 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High mortality of prostate cancer patients is primarily due to metastasis. Understanding the mechanisms controlling metastatic processes remains essential to develop novel therapies designed to prevent the progression from localized disease to metastasis. CdGAP plays important roles in the control of cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation, which are central to cancer progression. Here we show that elevated CdGAP expression is associated with early biochemical recurrence and bone metastasis in prostate cancer patients. Knockdown of CdGAP in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) PC-3 and 22Rv1 cells reduces cell motility, invasion, and proliferation while inducing apoptosis in CdGAP-depleted PC-3 cells. Conversely, overexpression of CdGAP in DU-145, 22Rv1, and LNCaP cells increases cell migration and invasion. Using global gene expression approaches, we found that CdGAP regulates the expression of genes involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, apoptosis and cell cycle progression. Subcutaneous injection of CdGAP-depleted PC-3 cells into mice shows a delayed tumor initiation and attenuated tumor growth. Orthotopic injection of CdGAP-depleted PC-3 cells reduces distant metastasic burden. Collectively, these findings support a pro-oncogenic role of CdGAP in prostate tumorigenesis and unveil CdGAP as a potential biomarker and target for prostate cancer treatments. Mehra et al. investigate the role of CdGAP in early biochemical recurrence and bone metastasis in prostate cancer. The authors find that knocking down CdGAP leads to reduced cell motility, invasion and proliferation in PC-3 and 22Rv1 cells while orthotopic injection of CdGAP-depleted PC-3 cells reduces distant metastatic burden.
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11
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Tao Z, Bu S, Lu F. Two AOS genes attributed to familial exudative vitreoretinopathy with microcephaly: Two case reports. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24633. [PMID: 33655927 PMCID: PMC7939203 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is an inherited disorder, which is mostly reported to be associated with the mutation of genes involved in the Wnt signaling pathway related to β-catenin. To the best of our knowledge, the involvement of Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS) genes in FEVR patients have not been reported before. PATIENT CONCERNS Two patients with FEVR presented with microcephaly. One of them showed slight scarring of the scalp vertex which is a typical manifestation of AOS. The whole exon sequencing confirmed the diagnosis of AOS with 2 AOS-gene mutations at DOCK6 and ARHGAP31. Further clinical examination revealed that their parents with the same mutations showed FEVR-like vascular anomalies. DIAGNOSIS Both patients were diagnosed with AOS through whole exon sequencing, and they presented with some FEVR-like retinopathy including retinal detachment. INTERVENTIONS Both patients received vitrectomy for tractional retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy. During the follow-up, 1 patient received additional laser photocoagulation for tractional retinal detachment. OUTCOMES The 2 patients remained stable in the latest follow up after the treatment. LESSONS Microcephaly could be associated with some form of retinopathy. We proposed that mutation of DOCK6 and ARHGAP31 genes could be the possible cause of FEVR associated with microcephaly. Our study suggested that these genes may be candidate genes of FEVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province
| | - Shaochong Bu
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital and Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province
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12
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Davis MJ, Voller LM, Gonzalez SR, Abu-Ghname A, Davies LW, Bedwell JR, Lee GL, Hunt RD, Phung TL, Buchanan EP. Multidisciplinary management of a previously unreported presentation of severe aplasia cutis congenita. Pediatr Dermatol 2021; 38:472-476. [PMID: 33481290 DOI: 10.1111/pde.14528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is characterized by the complete or partial absence of skin at birth, with 85% of cases of ACC involving the scalp vertex. The etiology of ACC is unclear and appears to be multifactorial. We present the case of a 3-month-old boy who presented with a diagnosis of non-scalp ACC affecting approximately 80% of his total body surface area at birth. This case adds to the literature due to the patient's survival beyond the first day of life and his unique and severe distribution of defects, which led to respiratory compromise and required multidisciplinary management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Davis
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Santiago R Gonzalez
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amjed Abu-Ghname
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lesley W Davies
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joshua R Bedwell
- Department of Otolaryngology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Grace L Lee
- Division of Pediatric Dermatology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Raegan D Hunt
- Division of Pediatric Dermatology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thuy L Phung
- Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Edward P Buchanan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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13
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Matsumoto K, Luther KB, Haltiwanger RS. Diseases related to Notch glycosylation. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 79:100938. [PMID: 33341260 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Notch receptors are a family of transmembrane proteins that mediate direct cell-cell interactions and control numerous cell-fate specifications in humans. The extracellular domains of mammalian Notch proteins contain 29-36 tandem epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats, most of which have O-linked glycan modifications: O-glucose added by POGLUT1, O-fucose added by POFUT1 and elongated by Fringe enzymes, and O-GlcNAc added by EOGT. The extracellular domain is also N-glycosylated. Mutations in the glycosyltransferases modifying Notch have been identified in several diseases, including Dowling-Degos Disease (haploinsufficiency of POFUT1 or POGLUT1), a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (autosomal recessive mutations in POGLUT1), Spondylocostal Dysostosis 3 (autosomal recessive mutations in LFNG), Adams-Oliver syndrome (autosomal recessive mutations in EOGT), and some cancers (amplification, gain or loss-of-function of POFUT1, Fringe enzymes, POGLUT1, MGAT3). Here we review the characteristics of these diseases and potential molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiroo Matsumoto
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Kelvin B Luther
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Robert S Haltiwanger
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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14
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Schnabel F, Kamphausen SB, Funke R, Kaulfuß S, Wollnik B, Zenker M. Aplasia cutis congenita in a CDC42-related developmental phenotype. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 185:850-855. [PMID: 33283961 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) is a small Rho GTPase, which serves as a fundamental intracellular signal node regulating actin cytoskeletal dynamics and several other integral cellular processes. CDC42-associated disorders encompass a broad clinical spectrum including Takenouchi-Kosaki syndrome, autoinflammatory syndromes and neurodevelopmental phenotypes mimicking RASopathies. Dysregulation of CDC42 signaling by genetic defects in either DOCK6 or ARHGAP31 is also considered to play a role in the pathogenesis of Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS). Here, we report a mother and her child carrying the previously reported pathogenic CDC42 variant c.511G>A (p.Glu171Lys). Both affected individuals presented with short stature, distinctive craniofacial features, pectus deformity as well as heart and eye anomalies, similar to the recently described Noonan syndrome-like phenotype associated with this variant. Remarkably, one of the patients additionally exhibited aplasia cutis congenita of the scalp. Multi-gene panel sequencing of the known AOS-causative genes and whole exome sequencing revealed no second pathogenic variant in any disease-associated gene explaining the aplasia cutis phenotype in our patient. This observation further expands the phenotypic spectrum of CDC42-associated disorders and underscores the role of CDC42 dysregulation in the pathogenesis of aplasia cutis congenita.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Schnabel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Rudolf Funke
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, Kassel, Germany
| | - Silke Kaulfuß
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Wollnik
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines To Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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15
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Chasovskikh NY, Grechishnikova AY. Functional Annotation of Genes of Predisposition to Schizophrenia and Celiac Disease. RUSS J GENET+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795420100038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Alzahem T, Alsalamah AK, Mura M, Alsulaiman SM. A novel variant in DOCK6 gene associated with Adams-Oliver syndrome type 2. Ophthalmic Genet 2020; 41:377-380. [PMID: 32498638 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2020.1776339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS) is a rare, inherited multi-systemic malformation syndrome characterized by a combination of aplasia cutis congenita and transverse terminal limb defects along with variable involvement of the central nervous system, eyes, and cardiovascular system. AOS can be inherited as both autosomal-dominant and recessive traits. Pathogenic variants in the DOCK6, ARHGAP31, EOGT, RBPJ, DLL4, and NOTCH1 genes have been associated with AOS. PURPOSE To report a novel homozygous variant in the DOCK6 gene associated with Adams-Oliver syndrome type 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS Case report. RESULTS We report a case of a 4-month-old male who presented with microcephaly, global developmental delay, truncal hypotonia, and limb reduction defects. Ophthalmic examination revealed bilateral nystagmus and retinal detachment with mild cataractous changes in addition to retrolental plaque in the left eye. Next generation sequencing analysis identified a novel homozygous frameshift likely pathogenic variant (c.1269_1285dup (p.Arg429Glnfs*32)) in the DOCK6 gene. The constellation of the clinical findings and the genetic mutation were consistent with a diagnosis of AOS type 2. CONCLUSION The discovery of this new likely pathogenic variant enriches the genotypic spectrum of DOCK6 gene and contributes to genetic diagnosis and counseling of families with AOS. Neurologic and ocular findings appear to be consistent with AOS type 2 for which multidisciplinary clinical evaluation is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Alzahem
- Vitreoretinal Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Ophthalmology Department, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abrar K Alsalamah
- Vitreoretinal Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marco Mura
- Vitreoretinal Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Alsulaiman AM, Alsulaiman HM, Almousa A, Alsulaiman SM. Adams Oliver syndrome: A mimicker of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2020; 19:100715. [PMID: 32420513 PMCID: PMC7217917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2020.100715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To describe an infant with Adams Oliver syndrome (AOS) with ocular signs similar to familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. Observations A full-term female infant presented with a congenital scalp defect, hypoplasia of the fingers and toes along with a radial retinal fold in the right eye and tractional retinal detachment in the left eye. Fluorescein angiography findings included peripheral retinal nonperfusion, irregular vascular sprouting beyond the vascular-avascular junction, pinpoint areas of hyperfluorescence as well as late peripheral and posterior vascular leakage. The patient was clinically diagnosed with Adams Oliver syndrome based on the collective findings. Laser photocoagulation to the avascular retina was performed in both eyes which resulted in stabilization of the condition after 2 years of follow up. Conclusion and importance The ocular phenotype in AOS may be similar to familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. Therefore, suspicion of the diagnosis should prompt ophthalmic evaluation including fluorescein angiography to detect and possibly treat the ischemic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ahmad Almousa
- Department of Dermatology, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Huang S, Yang L, Zhao L, Xu R, Wu Y. Novel In-Frame Deletion Mutation in NOTCH1 in a Chinese Sporadic Case of Adams-Oliver Syndrome. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:783-789. [PMID: 32129674 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.5200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS) is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) and terminal transverse limb defects. The etiology of AOS has remained largely unknown, although mutations in the notch receptor 1 (NOTCH1) gene are most common genetic alteration associated with this disease. In this study, we aimed to identify the case of a 6-year-old boy, who presented with large ACC of the scalp and aortic valve stenosis, suggesting the possibility of AOS. Whole-exome sequencing identified a novel, de novo, in-frame deletion in the NOTCH1 gene (NOTCH1 c.1292_1294del, p.Asn431del) in the patient. The p.Asn431del variant was evaluated by several in silico analyses, which predicted that the mutant was likely to be pathogenic. In addition, molecular modeling with the PyMOL Molecular Graphics System suggested that the NOTCH1-N431del destabilizes calcium ion chelation, leading to decreased receptor-ligand binding efficiency. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR showed further significant downregulation of the Notch target genes, hes-related family bHLH transcription factor with YRPW motif 1 (HEY1) and hes family bHLH transcription factor 1 (HES1), suggesting that this mutation causes disease through dysregulation of the Notch signaling pathway. Our study provides evidence that the NOTCH1-N431del mutation is responsible for this case of AOS. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with AOS caused by NOTCH1 mutation in Asia, and this information will be useful for providing the family with genetic counseling that can help to guide their future plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suqiu Huang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Liqing Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Rang Xu
- Scientific Research Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yurong Wu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
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19
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Schierz IAM, Giuffrè M, Del Vecchio A, Antona V, Corsello G, Piro E. Recognizable neonatal clinical features of aplasia cutis congenita. Ital J Pediatr 2020; 46:25. [PMID: 32070410 PMCID: PMC7029587 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-020-0789-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC), classified in nine groups, is likely to be underreported, since milder isolated lesions in wellbeing newborns could often be undetected, and solitary lesions in the context of polymalformative syndromes could not always be reported. Regardless of form and cause, therapeutic options have in common the aim to restore the deficient mechanical and immunological cutaneous protection and to limit the risk of fluid leakage or rupture of the exposed organs. We aimed to review our institutional prevalence, comorbidities, treatment and outcome of newborns with ACC. Methods We conducted a retrospective study including all newborns affected by ACC and admitted at the University Mother-Child Department from October 2010 to October 2019. Anthropometric and clinical characteristics of ACC1 versus a non-isolated ACC group were analyzed. Results We encountered 37 newborns, 16 with ACC1 versus 21 with non-isolated ACC. The incidence rate of 0.1% in ACC1 was higher than expected, while 19% of cases showed intrafamilial autosomal dominant transmission. Higher birth weight centile, though lower than reference population, being adequate for gestational age, normal Apgar score and euglycemia characterizing ACC1 resulted associated to a rapid tissue regeneration. Non-isolated ACC, in relation to concomitant congenital anomalies and higher prematurity rate, showed more surgical and medical complications along with the risk of neonatal death. Specifically, newborns with ACC4 were characterized by the frequent necessity of abdominal wall defect repair, responsible for the occurrence of an abdominal compartment syndrome. Conclusion Prompt carefully assessment of the newborn with ACC in order to exclude concomitant other congenital malformations, provides clues to the underlying pathophysiology, and to the short-term prognosis. Family should be oriented toward identification of other family members affected by similar pathology, while obstetric history should exclude initial multiple pregnancy with death of a co-twin, placental anomalies and drug assumption. Molecular-genetic diagnosis and genetic counseling are integrative in individualized disease approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, AOUP "P. Giaccone" Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Via Alfonso Giordano n. 3, 90127, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Mario Giuffrè
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, AOUP "P. Giaccone" Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Via Alfonso Giordano n. 3, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonello Del Vecchio
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, "Di Venere" Hospital Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Antona
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, AOUP "P. Giaccone" Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Via Alfonso Giordano n. 3, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Corsello
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, AOUP "P. Giaccone" Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Via Alfonso Giordano n. 3, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ettore Piro
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, AOUP "P. Giaccone" Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Via Alfonso Giordano n. 3, 90127, Palermo, Italy
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20
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Reichrath J, Reichrath S. Notch Pathway and Inherited Diseases: Challenge and Promise. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1218:159-187. [PMID: 32060876 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34436-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The evolutionary highly conserved Notch pathway governs many cellular core processes including cell fate decisions. Although it is characterized by a simple molecular design, Notch signaling, which first developed in metazoans, represents one of the most important pathways that govern embryonic development. Consequently, a broad variety of independent inherited diseases linked to defective Notch signaling has now been identified, including Alagille, Adams-Oliver, and Hajdu-Cheney syndromes, CADASIL (cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy), early-onset arteriopathy with cavitating leukodystrophy, lateral meningocele syndrome, and infantile myofibromatosis. In this review, we give a brief overview on molecular pathology and clinical findings in congenital diseases linked to the Notch pathway. Moreover, we discuss future developments in basic science and clinical practice that may emerge from recent progress in our understanding of the role of Notch in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Reichrath
- Department of Dermatology, The Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Sandra Reichrath
- Department of Dermatology, The Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
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21
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Dudoignon B, Huber C, Michot C, Di Rocco F, Girard M, Lyonnet S, Rio M, Rabia SH, Daire VC, Baujat G. Expanding the phenotype in Adams-Oliver syndrome correlating with the genotype. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 182:29-37. [PMID: 31654484 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS) is a genetic disorder characterized by the association of aplasia cutis congenita (ACC), terminal transverse limb defect (TTLD), congenital cardiac malformation (CCM), and minor features, such as cutaneous, neurological, and hepatic abnormalities (HAs). The aim of the study is to emphasize phenotype-genotype correlations in AOS. METHODS We studied 29 AOS patients. We recorded retrospectively detailed phenotype data, including clinical examination, biological analyses, and imaging. The molecular analysis was performed through whole exome sequencing (WES). RESULTS Twenty-nine patients (100%) presented with ACC, the principal inclusion criteria in the study. Seventeen of twenty-one (81%) had cutis marmorata telangiectasia congenita, 16/26 (62%) had TTLD, 14/23 (61%) had CCM, 7/20 (35%) had HAs, and 9/27 (33%) had neurological findings. WES was performed in 25 patients. Fourteen of twenty-five (56%) had alterations in the genes already described in AOS. CCM and HAs are particularly associated with the NOTCH1 genotype. TTLD is present in patients with DOCK6 and EOGT alterations. Neurological findings of variable degree were associated sometimes with DOCK6 and NOTCH1 rarely with EOGT. CONCLUSION AOS is characterized by a clinical and molecular variability. It appears that degrees of genotype-phenotype correlations exist for patients with identified pathogenic mutations, underlining the need to undertake a systematic but adjusted multidisciplinary assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Dudoignon
- AP-HP, Service de Génétique Clinique, Necker-Enfants malades University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Celine Huber
- INSERM, UMR1163, Iimagine Institute, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Reference Center for Skeletal Dysplasia, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Michot
- AP-HP, Service de Génétique Clinique, Necker-Enfants malades University Hospital, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR1163, Iimagine Institute, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Reference Center for Skeletal Dysplasia, Paris, France
| | | | - Muriel Girard
- AP-HP, Liver Unit, National Reference Center for Biliary Atresia and Genetic Cholestasis, INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Institut Necker-Enfants malades (INEM), Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Necker-Enfants malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Stanislas Lyonnet
- AP-HP, Service de Génétique Clinique, Necker-Enfants malades University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marlène Rio
- AP-HP, Service de Génétique Clinique, Necker-Enfants malades University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Smail Hadj Rabia
- AP-HP, Department of Dermatology, Reference Center for Genodermatoses and Rare Skin Diseases (MAGEC), INSERM U1163, Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Necker-Enfants malades University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Cormier Daire
- AP-HP, Service de Génétique Clinique, Necker-Enfants malades University Hospital, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR1163, Iimagine Institute, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Reference Center for Skeletal Dysplasia, Paris, France
| | - Geneviève Baujat
- AP-HP, Service de Génétique Clinique, Necker-Enfants malades University Hospital, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR1163, Iimagine Institute, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Reference Center for Skeletal Dysplasia, Paris, France
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22
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Abstract
Systems medicine is a holistic approach to deciphering the complexity of human physiology in health and disease. In essence, a living body is constituted of networks of dynamically interacting units (molecules, cells, organs, etc) that underlie its collective functions. Declining resilience because of aging and other chronic environmental exposures drives the system to transition from a health state to a disease state; these transitions, triggered by acute perturbations or chronic disturbance, manifest as qualitative shifts in the interactions and dynamics of the disease-perturbed networks. Understanding health-to-disease transitions poses a high-dimensional nonlinear reconstruction problem that requires deep understanding of biology and innovation in study design, technology, and data analysis. With a focus on the principles of systems medicine, this Review discusses approaches for deciphering this biological complexity from a novel perspective, namely, understanding how disease-perturbed networks function; their study provides insights into fundamental disease mechanisms. The immediate goals for systems medicine are to identify early transitions to cardiovascular (and other chronic) diseases and to accelerate the translation of new preventive, diagnostic, or therapeutic targets into clinical practice, a critical step in the development of personalized, predictive, preventive, and participatory (P4) medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalliopi Trachana
- From the Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA (K.T., R.B., G.G., N.D.P., S.H., L.E.H.)
| | - Rhishikesh Bargaje
- From the Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA (K.T., R.B., G.G., N.D.P., S.H., L.E.H.)
| | - Gustavo Glusman
- From the Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA (K.T., R.B., G.G., N.D.P., S.H., L.E.H.)
| | - Nathan D Price
- From the Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA (K.T., R.B., G.G., N.D.P., S.H., L.E.H.)
| | - Sui Huang
- From the Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA (K.T., R.B., G.G., N.D.P., S.H., L.E.H.).,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada (S.H.)
| | - Leroy E Hood
- From the Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA (K.T., R.B., G.G., N.D.P., S.H., L.E.H.)
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23
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Schröder KC, Duman D, Tekin M, Schanze D, Sukalo M, Meester J, Wuyts W, Zenker M. Adams–Oliver syndrome caused by mutations of the
EOGT
gene. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:2246-2251. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kim C. Schröder
- Institute of Human GeneticsUniversity Hospital Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany
| | - Duygu Duman
- Division of Pediatric Genetic Diseases, Department of PediatricsAnkara University Faculty of Medicine Ankara Turkey
- Department of AudiologyAnkara University Faculty of Health Sciences Ankara Turkey
| | - Mustafa Tekin
- Division of Pediatric Genetic Diseases, Department of PediatricsAnkara University Faculty of Medicine Ankara Turkey
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics and Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, and Department of OtolaryngologyUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami Florida
| | - Denny Schanze
- Institute of Human GeneticsUniversity Hospital Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany
| | - Maja Sukalo
- Institute of Human GeneticsUniversity Hospital Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany
| | - Josephina Meester
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center of Medical GeneticsUniversity of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital Antwerp Belgium
| | - Wim Wuyts
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center of Medical GeneticsUniversity of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital Antwerp Belgium
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human GeneticsUniversity Hospital Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany
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24
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Aizawa R, Yamada A, Seki T, Tanaka J, Nagahama R, Ikehata M, Kato T, Sakashita A, Ogata H, Chikazu D, Maki K, Mishima K, Yamamoto M, Kamijo R. Cdc42 regulates cranial suture morphogenesis and ossification. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 512:145-149. [PMID: 30853186 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.02.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cdc42 (cell division cycle 42) is ubiquitously expressed small GTPases belonging to the Rho family of proteins. Previously, we generated limb bud mesenchyme-specific Cdc42 inactivated mice (Cdc42 conditional knockout mice; Cdc42 fl/fl; Prx1-Cre), which showed short limbs and cranial bone deformities, though the mechanism related to the cranium phenotype was unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role of Cdc42 in cranial bone development. Our results showed that loss of Cdc42 caused a defect of intramembranous ossification in cranial bone tissues which is related to decreased expressions of cranial suture morphogenesis genes, including Indian hedgehog (Ihh) and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). These findings demonstrate that Cdc42 plays a crucial role in cranial osteogenesis, and is controlled by Ihh- and BMP-mediated signaling during cranium development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Aizawa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamada
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tatsuaki Seki
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichi Tanaka
- Division of Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Nagahama
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikiko Ikehata
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kato
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akiko Sakashita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ogata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Daichi Chikazu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koutaro Maki
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Mishima
- Division of Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Matsuo Yamamoto
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kamijo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Tessier A, Callier P, LeMeur N, Frebourg T, Sabourin JC, Patrier S. Postmortem Diagnosis of Heart-hand Syndrome Associated With a 7p22.1p22.3 Deletion in a 16-week-old Fetus. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2019; 22:146-151. [PMID: 30193563 DOI: 10.1177/1093526618799293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We report a male fetus with a 6.8 Mb deletion on chromosome 7p22.1p22.3 at 16 weeks of gestation. The fetus presented a heart-hand syndrome with great artery malposition, bilateral radial ray deficiency, a single pelvic kidney, and growth retardation. This deletion involves a minimal deleted region for cardiac malformation and the RAC1 gene, previously described in limb anomalies in mice. This fetus is the third human case with limb defects and RAC1 deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Tessier
- 1 Inserm U1079, Centre Normand de Génomique Médicale et Médecine Personnalisée et Service de Génétique, CHU Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France.,2 Service d'anatomopathologie, CHU Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
| | - Patrick Callier
- 3 Service de Cytogénétique, Pole Technique et Biologie, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Nathalie LeMeur
- 1 Inserm U1079, Centre Normand de Génomique Médicale et Médecine Personnalisée et Service de Génétique, CHU Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
| | - Thierry Frebourg
- 1 Inserm U1079, Centre Normand de Génomique Médicale et Médecine Personnalisée et Service de Génétique, CHU Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
| | | | - Sophie Patrier
- 2 Service d'anatomopathologie, CHU Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
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26
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Ogawa M, Okajima T. Structure and function of extracellular O-GlcNAc. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2019; 56:72-77. [PMID: 30669087 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular O-GlcNAc is a unique modification restricted to the epidermal growth factor (EGF) domain-containing glycoproteins. This O-GlcNAcylation is catalyzed by the EGF-domain specific O-GlcNAc transferase (EOGT), which is localized in the lumen of endoplasmic reticulum. In humans, EOGT is one of the causative genes of a congenital disease, Adams-Oliver syndrome. EOGT is highly expressed in endothelial cells and regulates vascular development and integrity by potentiating Delta-like ligand-mediated Notch signaling. In Drosophila, Eogt modifies Dumpy, an apical extracellular matrix glycoprotein, and affects Dumpy-dependent cell-matrix interaction. In this review, we summarize the current findings of the structure and functions of extracellular O-GlcNAc in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsutaka Ogawa
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okajima
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
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27
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Southgate L. Current opinion in the molecular genetics of Adams-Oliver syndrome. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2019.1559049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Southgate
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George’s University of London, London, UK
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, UK
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28
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Tashima Y, Okajima T. Congenital diseases caused by defective O-glycosylation of Notch receptors. NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2018; 80:299-307. [PMID: 30214079 PMCID: PMC6125653 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.80.3.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway is highly conserved and essential for animal development. It is required for cell differentiation, survival, and proliferation. Regulation of Notch signaling is a crucial process for human health. Ligands initiate a signal cascade by binding to Notch receptors expressed on a neighboring cell. Notch receptors interact with ligands through their epidermal growth factor-like repeats (EGF repeats). Most EGF repeats are modified by O-glycosylation with residues such as O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), O-fucose, and O-glucose. These O-glycan modifications are important for Notch function. Defects in O-glycosylation affect Notch-ligand interaction, trafficking of Notch receptors, and Notch stability on the cell surface. Although the roles of each modification are not fully understood, O-fucose is essential for binding of Notch receptors to their ligands. We reported an EGF domain-specific O-GlcNAc transferase (EOGT) localized in the endoplasmic reticulum. Mutations in genes encoding EOGT or NOTCH1 cause Adams-Oliver syndrome. Dysregulation of Notch signaling because of defects or mutations in Notch receptors or Notch signal-regulating proteins, such as glycosyltransferases, induce a variety of congenital disorders. In this review, we discuss O-glycosylation of Notch receptors and congenital human diseases caused by defects in O-glycans on Notch receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Tashima
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okajima
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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29
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Meester JAN, Sukalo M, Schröder KC, Schanze D, Baynam G, Borck G, Bramswig NC, Duman D, Gilbert-Dussardier B, Holder-Espinasse M, Itin P, Johnson DS, Joss S, Koillinen H, McKenzie F, Morton J, Nelle H, Reardon W, Roll C, Salih MA, Savarirayan R, Scurr I, Splitt M, Thompson E, Titheradge H, Travers CP, Van Maldergem L, Whiteford M, Wieczorek D, Vandeweyer G, Trembath R, Van Laer L, Loeys BL, Zenker M, Southgate L, Wuyts W. Elucidating the genetic architecture of Adams-Oliver syndrome in a large European cohort. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:1246-1261. [PMID: 29924900 PMCID: PMC6175364 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Adams–Oliver syndrome (AOS) is a rare developmental disorder, characterized by scalp aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) and transverse terminal limb defects (TTLD). Autosomal dominant forms of AOS are linked to mutations in ARHGAP31, DLL4, NOTCH1 or RBPJ, while DOCK6 and EOGT underlie autosomal recessive inheritance. Data on the frequency and distribution of mutations in large cohorts are currently limited. The purpose of this study was therefore to comprehensively examine the genetic architecture of AOS in an extensive cohort. Molecular diagnostic screening of 194 AOS/ACC/TTLD probands/families was conducted using next‐generation and/or capillary sequencing analyses. In total, we identified 63 (likely) pathogenic mutations, comprising 56 distinct and 22 novel mutations, providing a molecular diagnosis in 30% of patients. Taken together with previous reports, these findings bring the total number of reported disease variants to 63, with a diagnostic yield of 36% in familial cases. NOTCH1 is the major contributor, underlying 10% of AOS/ACC/TTLD cases, with DLL4 (6%), DOCK6 (6%), ARHGAP31 (3%), EOGT (3%), and RBPJ (2%) representing additional causality in this cohort. We confirm the relevance of genetic screening across the AOS/ACC/TTLD spectrum, highlighting preliminary but important genotype–phenotype correlations. This cohort offers potential for further gene identification to address missing heritability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephina A N Meester
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maja Sukalo
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kim C Schröder
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Denny Schanze
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gareth Baynam
- Genetic Services of Western Australia and the Western Australian Register of Developmental Anomalies, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia.,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Guntram Borck
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nuria C Bramswig
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Duygu Duman
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Muriel Holder-Espinasse
- Guy's Regional Genetics Service, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Itin
- Department of Dermatology, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Diana S Johnson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Shelagh Joss
- West of Scotland Clinical Genetics Service, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Hannele Koillinen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fiona McKenzie
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women, Subiaco, Australia
| | - Jenny Morton
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service and Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Heike Nelle
- MVZ für Pränatalmedizin und Genetik, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Willie Reardon
- Clinical Genetics, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claudia Roll
- Abteilung Neonatologie und Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin, Vestische Kinder- und Jugendklinik Datteln, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Datteln, Germany
| | - Mustafa A Salih
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, King Khalid University Hospital and College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ravi Savarirayan
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, and the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ingrid Scurr
- Bristol Genetics Service, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, St Michael's Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Miranda Splitt
- Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Thompson
- South Australian Clinical Genetics Service, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, SA Clinical Genetics Service, SA Pathology at the Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Hannah Titheradge
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service and Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Colm P Travers
- Division of Neonatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | | | - Margo Whiteford
- West of Scotland Genetic Services, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Dagmar Wieczorek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Geert Vandeweyer
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Richard Trembath
- Division of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lut Van Laer
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bart L Loeys
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Laura Southgate
- Division of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wim Wuyts
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
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30
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Meester J, Verstraeten A, Alaerts M, Schepers D, Van Laer L, Loeys B. Overlapping but distinct roles for NOTCH receptors in human cardiovascular disease. Clin Genet 2018; 95:85-94. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J.A.N. Meester
- Centre of Medical GeneticsUniversity of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital Antwerp Belgium
| | - A. Verstraeten
- Centre of Medical GeneticsUniversity of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital Antwerp Belgium
| | - M. Alaerts
- Centre of Medical GeneticsUniversity of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital Antwerp Belgium
| | - D. Schepers
- Centre of Medical GeneticsUniversity of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital Antwerp Belgium
| | - L. Van Laer
- Centre of Medical GeneticsUniversity of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital Antwerp Belgium
| | - B.L. Loeys
- Centre of Medical GeneticsUniversity of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital Antwerp Belgium
- Department of GeneticsRadboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
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31
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Ben Djoudi Ouadda A, He Y, Calabrese V, Ishii H, Chidiac R, Gratton JP, Roux PP, Lamarche-Vane N. CdGAP/ARHGAP31 is regulated by RSK phosphorylation and binding to 14-3-3β adaptor protein. Oncotarget 2018; 9:11646-11664. [PMID: 29545927 PMCID: PMC5837747 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cdc42 GTPase-activating protein (CdGAP, also named ARHGAP31) is a negative regulator of the GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42. Associated with the rare developmental disorder Adams-Oliver Syndrome (AOS), CdGAP is critical for embryonic vascular development and VEGF-mediated angiogenesis. Moreover, CdGAP is an essential component in the synergistic interaction between TGFβ and ErbB-2 signaling pathways during breast cancer cell migration and invasion, and is a novel E-cadherin transcriptional co-repressor with Zeb2 in breast cancer. CdGAP is highly phosphorylated on serine and threonine residues in response to growth factors and is a substrate of ERK1/2 and GSK-3. Here, we identified Ser1093 and Ser1163 in the C-terminal region of CdGAP, which are phosphorylated by RSK in response to phorbol ester. These phospho-residues create docking sites for binding to 14-3-3 adaptor proteins. The interaction between CdGAP and 14-3-3 proteins inhibits the GAP activity of CdGAP and sequesters CdGAP into the cytoplasm. Consequently, the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of CdGAP is inhibited and CdGAP-induced cell rounding is abolished. In addition, 14-3-3β inhibits the ability of CdGAP to repress the E-cadherin promoter and to induce cell migration. Finally, we show that 14-3-3β is unable to regulate the activity and subcellular localization of the AOS-related mutant proteins lacking these phospho-residues. Altogether, we provide a novel mechanism of regulation of CdGAP activity and localization, which impacts directly on a better understanding of the role of CdGAP as a promoter of breast cancer and in the molecular causes of AOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ben Djoudi Ouadda
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the MUHC, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada.,McGill University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B2, Canada
| | - Yi He
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the MUHC, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada.,McGill University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B2, Canada
| | - Viviane Calabrese
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Hidetaka Ishii
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the MUHC, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada.,McGill University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B2, Canada
| | - Rony Chidiac
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Department of pharmacology, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Gratton
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Department of pharmacology, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Philippe P Roux
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Nathalie Lamarche-Vane
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the MUHC, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada.,McGill University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B2, Canada
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32
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Mašek J, Andersson ER. The developmental biology of genetic Notch disorders. Development 2017; 144:1743-1763. [PMID: 28512196 DOI: 10.1242/dev.148007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Notch signaling regulates a vast array of crucial developmental processes. It is therefore not surprising that mutations in genes encoding Notch receptors or ligands lead to a variety of congenital disorders in humans. For example, loss of function of Notch results in Adams-Oliver syndrome, Alagille syndrome, spondylocostal dysostosis and congenital heart disorders, while Notch gain of function results in Hajdu-Cheney syndrome, serpentine fibula polycystic kidney syndrome, infantile myofibromatosis and lateral meningocele syndrome. Furthermore, structure-abrogating mutations in NOTCH3 result in CADASIL. Here, we discuss these human congenital disorders in the context of known roles for Notch signaling during development. Drawing on recent analyses by the exome aggregation consortium (EXAC) and on recent studies of Notch signaling in model organisms, we further highlight additional Notch receptors or ligands that are likely to be involved in human genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Mašek
- Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 14183, Sweden
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33
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McCormack JJ, Bruche S, Ouadda ABD, Ishii H, Lu H, Garcia-Cattaneo A, Chávez-Olórtegui C, Lamarche-Vane N, Braga VMM. The scaffold protein Ajuba suppresses CdGAP activity in epithelia to maintain stable cell-cell contacts. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9249. [PMID: 28835688 PMCID: PMC5569031 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09024-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Levels of active Rac1 at epithelial junctions are partially modulated via interaction with Ajuba, an actin binding and scaffolding protein. Here we demonstrate that Ajuba interacts with the Cdc42 GTPase activating protein CdGAP, a GAP for Rac1 and Cdc42, at cell-cell contacts. CdGAP recruitment to junctions does not require Ajuba; rather Ajuba seems to control CdGAP residence at sites of cell-cell adhesion. CdGAP expression potently perturbs junctions and Ajuba binding inhibits CdGAP activity. Ajuba interacts with Rac1 and CdGAP via distinct domains and can potentially bring them in close proximity at junctions to facilitate activity regulation. Functionally, CdGAP-Ajuba interaction maintains junctional integrity in homeostasis and diseases: (i) gain-of-function CdGAP mutants found in Adams-Oliver Syndrome patients strongly destabilize cell-cell contacts and (ii) CdGAP mRNA levels are inversely correlated with E-cadherin protein expression in different cancers. We present conceptual insights on how Ajuba can integrate CdGAP binding and inactivation with the spatio-temporal regulation of Rac1 activity at junctions. Ajuba provides a novel mechanism due to its ability to bind to CdGAP and Rac1 via distinct domains and influence the activation status of both proteins. This functional interplay may contribute towards conserving the epithelial tissue architecture at steady-state and in different pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J McCormack
- Molecular Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - S Bruche
- Molecular Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - A B D Ouadda
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute-McGill University Hospital Centre and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, H4A 3J1, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - H Ishii
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute-McGill University Hospital Centre and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, H4A 3J1, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - H Lu
- Cancer Division, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - A Garcia-Cattaneo
- Molecular Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - C Chávez-Olórtegui
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Cell Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - N Lamarche-Vane
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute-McGill University Hospital Centre and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, H4A 3J1, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - V M M Braga
- Molecular Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK.
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34
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EOGT and O-GlcNAc on secreted and membrane proteins. Biochem Soc Trans 2017; 45:401-408. [PMID: 28408480 DOI: 10.1042/bst20160165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Here, we describe a recently discovered O-GlcNAc transferase termed EOGT for EGF domain-specific O-GlcNAc transferase. EOGT transfers GlcNAc (N-acetylglucosamine) to Ser or Thr in secreted and membrane proteins that contain one or more epidermal growth factor-like repeats with a specific consensus sequence. Thus, EOGT is distinct from OGT, the O-GlcNAc transferase, that transfers GlcNAc to Ser/Thr in proteins of the cytoplasm or nucleus. EOGT and OGT are in separate cellular compartments and have mostly distinct substrates, although both can act on cytoplasmic (OGT) and lumenal (EOGT) domains of transmembrane proteins. The present review will describe known substrates of EOGT and biological roles for EOGT in Drosophila and humans. Mutations in EOGT that give rise to Adams-Oliver Syndrome in humans will also be discussed.
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Novel missense mutation in DLL4 in a Japanese sporadic case of Adams-Oliver syndrome. J Hum Genet 2017; 62:851-855. [PMID: 28446798 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2017.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS, OMIM; 100300) is a rare genetic disease characterized by aplasia cutis congenita, terminal transverse limb defects and cutis marmorata with vascular anomalies such as congenital heart defects. The etiology of this syndrome has remained largely unknown but defective Notch signaling during vascular formation has been suggested. Here we describe a sporadic Japanese newborn case with clinically diagnosed AOS. Trio whole-exome sequencing identified a de novo, novel, heterozygous missense mutation in the Delta-like 4 ligand gene (DLL4 c.572G>A, p.Arg191His) in the patient. DLL4 functions as a requisite ligand for NOTCH1 receptor, which is essential for vascular formation. Amino acid substitution of Arg191 to His was predicted by molecular models to interfere with direct binding between DLL4 and NOTCH1. DLL4 has recently been identified as a causative gene of an autosomal dominant type of AOS with milder symptoms. The case described here showed gradual recovery from skull defects after birth and no psychomotor developmental delay has been observed. This is the second report of an AOS case with DLL4 mutation, and the phenotypic characteristics between the two cases are compared and discussed.
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Hassed S, Li S, Mulvihill J, Aston C, Palmer S. Adams-Oliver syndrome review of the literature: Refining the diagnostic phenotype. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:790-800. [PMID: 28160419 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS) is defined as aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) with transverse terminal limb defects (TTLD). Frequencies of associated anomalies are not well characterized. Six causative genes have been identified: ARHGAP31, DOCK6, EOGT, RBPJ, NOTCH1, and DLL4. We review 385 previously described individuals (139 non-familial and 246 familial probands and family members) and add clinical data on 13 previously unreported individuals with AOS. In addition to ACC and TTLD, the most commonly associated anomalies included a wide variety of central nervous system (CNS) anomalies and congenital heart defects each seen in 23%. CNS anomalies included structural anomalies, microcephaly, vascular defects, and vascular sequelae. CNS migration defects were common. Cutis marmorata telangiectasia congenita (CMTC) was found in 19% of the study population and other vascular anomalies were seen in 14%. Hemorrhage was listed as the cause of death for five of 25 deaths reported. A relatively large number of non-familial probands were reported to have hepatoportal sclerosis with portal hypertension and esophageal varices. Non-familial probands were more likely to have additional anomalies than were familial probands. The data reported herein provide a basis for refining the diagnostic features of AOS and suggest management recommendations for probands newly diagnosed with AOS. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Hassed
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Shibo Li
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - John Mulvihill
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Christopher Aston
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Susan Palmer
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
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He Y, Northey JJ, Pelletier A, Kos Z, Meunier L, Haibe-Kains B, Mes-Masson AM, Côté JF, Siegel PM, Lamarche-Vane N. The Cdc42/Rac1 regulator CdGAP is a novel E-cadherin transcriptional co-repressor with Zeb2 in breast cancer. Oncogene 2017; 36:3490-3503. [PMID: 28135249 PMCID: PMC5423781 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The loss of E-cadherin causes dysfunction of the cell-cell junction machinery, which is an initial step in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), facilitating cancer cell invasion and the formation of metastases. A set of transcriptional repressors of E-cadherin (CDH1) gene expression, including Snail1, Snail2 and Zeb2 mediate E-cadherin downregulation in breast cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the control of E-cadherin expression in breast cancer progression remain largely unknown. Here, by using global gene expression approaches, we uncover a novel function for Cdc42 GTPase-activating protein (CdGAP) in the regulation of expression of genes involved in EMT. We found that CdGAP used its proline-rich domain to form a functional complex with Zeb2 to mediate the repression of E-cadherin expression in ErbB2-transformed breast cancer cells. Conversely, knockdown of CdGAP expression led to a decrease of the transcriptional repressors Snail1 and Zeb2, and this correlated with an increase in E-cadherin levels, restoration of cell-cell junctions, and epithelial-like morphological changes. In vivo, loss of CdGAP in ErbB2-transformed breast cancer cells impaired tumor growth and suppressed metastasis to lungs. Finally, CdGAP was highly expressed in basal-type breast cancer cells, and its strong expression correlated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Together, these data support a previously unknown nuclear function for CdGAP where it cooperates in a GAP-independent manner with transcriptional repressors to function as a critical modulator of breast cancer through repression of E-cadherin transcription. Targeting Zeb2-CdGAP interactions may represent novel therapeutic opportunities for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y He
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - J J Northey
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - A Pelletier
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Z Kos
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Meunier
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CR/CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - B Haibe-Kains
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A-M Mes-Masson
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CR/CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - J-F Côté
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - P M Siegel
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - N Lamarche-Vane
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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38
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Preuss C, Capredon M, Wünnemann F, Chetaille P, Prince A, Godard B, Leclerc S, Sobreira N, Ling H, Awadalla P, Thibeault M, Khairy P, Samuels ME, Andelfinger G. Family Based Whole Exome Sequencing Reveals the Multifaceted Role of Notch Signaling in Congenital Heart Disease. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006335. [PMID: 27760138 PMCID: PMC5070860 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Left-ventricular outflow tract obstructions (LVOTO) encompass a wide spectrum of phenotypically heterogeneous heart malformations which frequently cluster in families. We performed family based whole-exome and targeted re-sequencing on 182 individuals from 51 families with multiple affected members. Central to our approach is the family unit which serves as a reference to identify causal genotype-phenotype correlations. Screening a multitude of 10 overlapping phenotypes revealed disease associated and co-segregating variants in 12 families. These rare or novel protein altering mutations cluster predominantly in genes (NOTCH1, ARHGAP31, MAML1, SMARCA4, JARID2, JAG1) along the Notch signaling cascade. This is in line with a significant enrichment (Wilcoxon, p< 0.05) of variants with a higher pathogenicity in the Notch signaling pathway in patients compared to controls. The significant enrichment of novel protein truncating and missense mutations in NOTCH1 highlights the allelic and phenotypic heterogeneity in our pediatric cohort. We identified novel co-segregating pathogenic mutations in NOTCH1 associated with left and right-sided cardiac malformations in three independent families with a total of 15 affected individuals. In summary, our results suggest that a small but highly pathogenic fraction of family specific mutations along the Notch cascade are a common cause of LVOTO. Left-ventricular outflow tract obstructions comprise a group of developmental heart disorders that are genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous, with no single gene accounting for the majority of cases. In order to identify mutations contributing to disease, we selected patients from 51 families with a history of congenital cardiac malformations. We interrogated the entire coding sequences of 106 patients and identified a small but highly pathogenic fraction of mutations that are likely to contribute to disease in 12 families (23.5%). Furthermore, we present a strategy for identifying candidate mutations based on familial segregation in a genetically heterogeneous disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Preuss
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Melanie Capredon
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Florian Wünnemann
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Faculty of Biology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Philippe Chetaille
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre Mère Enfants Soleil, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université (CHU) de Québec, Quebec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Andrea Prince
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Beatrice Godard
- Omics-Ethics Research Group, Research Institute of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal Québec, Canada
| | - Severine Leclerc
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nara Sobreira
- McKusick Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hua Ling
- McKusick Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Philip Awadalla
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maryse Thibeault
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Paul Khairy
- Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Mark E. Samuels
- Centre de Recherche CHU Sainte Justine, Université de Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Gregor Andelfinger
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Unravelling the role of cytoskeleton regulators may be complicated by adaptations to experimental manipulations. In this issue of Developmental Cell, Cerikan et al. (2016) reveal how acute effects of DOCK6 RhoGEF depletion on RAC1 and CDC42 activation are reversed over time by compensatory mechanisms that re-establish cellular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J McGarry
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Michael F Olson
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
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40
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Southgate L. Letter regarding "Distal Limb Defects and Aplasia Cutis: Adams-Oliver Syndrome". J Hand Surg Am 2016; 41:e327. [PMID: 27402369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Southgate
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, London, UK; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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41
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CdGAP/ARHGAP31, a Cdc42/Rac1 GTPase regulator, is critical for vascular development and VEGF-mediated angiogenesis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27485. [PMID: 27270835 PMCID: PMC4895392 DOI: 10.1038/srep27485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the CdGAP/ARHGAP31 gene, which encodes a GTPase-activating protein for Rac1 and Cdc42, have been reported causative in the Adams-Oliver developmental syndrome often associated with vascular defects. However, despite its abundant expression in endothelial cells, CdGAP function in the vasculature remains unknown. Here, we show that vascular development is impaired in CdGAP-deficient mouse embryos at E15.5. This is associated with superficial vessel defects and subcutaneous edema, resulting in 44% embryonic/perinatal lethality. VEGF-driven angiogenesis is defective in CdGAP(-/-) mice, showing reduced capillary sprouting from aortic ring explants. Similarly, VEGF-dependent endothelial cell migration and capillary formation are inhibited upon CdGAP knockdown. Mechanistically, CdGAP associates with VEGF receptor-2 and controls VEGF-dependent signaling. Consequently, CdGAP depletion results in impaired VEGF-mediated Rac1 activation and reduced phosphorylation of critical intracellular mediators including Gab1, Akt, PLCγ and SHP2. These findings are the first to demonstrate the importance of CdGAP in embryonic vascular development and VEGF-induced signaling, and highlight CdGAP as a potential therapeutic target to treat pathological angiogenesis and vascular dysfunction.
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42
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Abstract
Notch 1 to 4 receptors are important determinants of cell fate and function, and Notch signaling plays an important role in skeletal development and bone remodeling. After direct interactions with ligands of the Jagged and Delta-like families, a series of cleavages release the Notch intracellular domain (NICD), which translocates to the nucleus where it induces transcription of Notch target genes. Classic gene targets of Notch are hairy and enhancer of split (Hes) and Hes-related with YRPW motif (Hey). In cells of the osteoblastic lineage, Notch activation inhibits cell differentiation and causes cancellous bone osteopenia because of impaired bone formation. In osteocytes, Notch1 has distinct effects that result in an inhibition of bone resorption secondary to an induction of osteoprotegerin and suppression of sclerostin with a consequent enhancement of Wnt signaling. Notch1 inhibits, whereas Notch2 enhances, osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. Congenital disorders of loss- and gain-of-Notch function present with severe clinical manifestations, often affecting the skeleton. Enhanced Notch signaling is associated with osteosarcoma, and Notch can influence the invasive potential of carcinoma of the breast and prostate. Notch signaling can be controlled by the use of inhibitors of Notch activation, small peptides that interfere with the formation of a transcriptional complex, or antibodies to the extracellular domain of specific Notch receptors or to Notch ligands. In conclusion, Notch plays a critical role in skeletal development and homeostasis, and serious skeletal disorders can be attributed to alterations in Notch signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Zanotti
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Medicine and the UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
| | - Ernesto Canalis
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Medicine and the UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
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43
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Digilio MC, Marino B, Baban A, Dallapiccola B. Cardiovascular malformations in Adams-Oliver syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 167A:1175-7. [PMID: 25885069 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Cristina Digilio
- Medical Genetics and Pediatric Cardiology, Bambino Gesu, Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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44
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Shamseldin HE, Anazi S, Wakil SM, Faqeih E, El Khashab HY, Salih MA, Al-Qattan MM, Hashem M, Alsedairy H, Alkuraya FS. Novel copy number variants and major limb reduction malformation: Report of three cases. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170A:1245-50. [PMID: 26749485 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Limb reduction malformations are highly heterogeneous in their clinical presentation and so, predicting the underlying mutation on a clinical basis can be challenging. Molecular karyotyping is a powerful genomic tool that has quickly become the mainstay for the study of children with malformation syndromes. We describe three patients with major limb reduction anomalies in whom pathogenic copy number variants were identified on molecular karyotyping. These include a patient with hypoplastic phalanges and absent hallux bilaterally with de novo deletion of 11.9 Mb on 7p21.1-22.1 spanning 63 genes including RAC1, another patient with severe Holt-Oram syndrome and a large de novo deletion 2.2 Mb on 12q24.13-24.21 spanning 20 genes including TBX3 and TBX5, and a third patient with acheiropodia who had a nullizygous deletion of 102 kb on 7q36.3 spanning LMBR1. We discuss the potential of these novel genomic rearrangements to improve our understanding of limb development in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan E Shamseldin
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shams Anazi
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salma M Wakil
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eissa Faqeih
- Department of Pediatric Specialties, Children's Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Y El Khashab
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mustafa A Salih
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M Al-Qattan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mais Hashem
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haifa Alsedairy
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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45
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Intracellular and extracellular O-linked N-acetylglucosamine in the nervous system. Exp Neurol 2015; 274:166-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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46
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Heterozygous Loss-of-Function Mutations in DLL4 Cause Adams-Oliver Syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 97:475-82. [PMID: 26299364 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS) is a rare developmental disorder characterized by the presence of aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) of the scalp vertex and terminal limb-reduction defects. Cardiovascular anomalies are also frequently observed. Mutations in five genes have been identified as a cause for AOS prior to this report. Mutations in EOGT and DOCK6 cause autosomal-recessive AOS, whereas mutations in ARHGAP31, RBPJ, and NOTCH1 lead to autosomal-dominant AOS. Because RBPJ, NOTCH1, and EOGT are involved in NOTCH signaling, we hypothesized that mutations in other genes involved in this pathway might also be implicated in AOS pathogenesis. Using a candidate-gene-based approach, we prioritized DLL4, a critical NOTCH ligand, due to its essential role in vascular development in the context of cardiovascular features in AOS-affected individuals. Targeted resequencing of the DLL4 gene with a custom enrichment panel in 89 independent families resulted in the identification of seven mutations. A defect in DLL4 was also detected in two families via whole-exome or genome sequencing. In total, nine heterozygous mutations in DLL4 were identified, including two nonsense and seven missense variants, the latter encompassing four mutations that replace or create cysteine residues, which are most likely critical for maintaining structural integrity of the protein. Affected individuals with DLL4 mutations present with variable clinical expression with no emerging genotype-phenotype correlations. Our findings demonstrate that DLL4 mutations are an additional cause of autosomal-dominant AOS or isolated ACC and provide further evidence for a key role of NOTCH signaling in the etiology of this disorder.
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47
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Abstract
In the last decade, several mouse models for RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 have emerged and have contributed a great deal to understanding the precise functions of Rho GTPases at early stages of development. This review summarizes our current knowledge of various mouse models of tissue-specific ablation of Cdc42, Rac1, and RhoA with emphasis on early embryogenesis, epithelial and skin morphogenesis, tubulogenesis, development of the central nervous system, and limb development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe M Duquette
- a McGill University ; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology ; Montreal , QC Canada
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48
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Southgate L, Sukalo M, Karountzos ASV, Taylor EJ, Collinson CS, Ruddy D, Snape KM, Dallapiccola B, Tolmie JL, Joss S, Brancati F, Digilio MC, Graul-Neumann LM, Salviati L, Coerdt W, Jacquemin E, Wuyts W, Zenker M, Machado RD, Trembath RC. Haploinsufficiency of the NOTCH1 Receptor as a Cause of Adams-Oliver Syndrome With Variable Cardiac Anomalies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 8:572-581. [PMID: 25963545 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.115.001086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS) is a rare disorder characterized by congenital limb defects and scalp cutis aplasia. In a proportion of cases, notable cardiac involvement is also apparent. Despite recent advances in the understanding of the genetic basis of AOS, for the majority of affected subjects, the underlying molecular defect remains unresolved. This study aimed to identify novel genetic determinants of AOS. METHODS AND RESULTS Whole-exome sequencing was performed for 12 probands, each with a clinical diagnosis of AOS. Analyses led to the identification of novel heterozygous truncating NOTCH1 mutations (c.1649dupA and c.6049_6050delTC) in 2 kindreds in which AOS was segregating as an autosomal dominant trait. Screening a cohort of 52 unrelated AOS subjects, we detected 8 additional unique NOTCH1 mutations, including 3 de novo amino acid substitutions, all within the ligand-binding domain. Congenital heart anomalies were noted in 47% (8/17) of NOTCH1-positive probands and affected family members. In leukocyte-derived RNA from subjects harboring NOTCH1 extracellular domain mutations, we observed significant reduction of NOTCH1 expression, suggesting instability and degradation of mutant mRNA transcripts by the cellular machinery. Transient transfection of mutagenized NOTCH1 missense constructs also revealed significant reduction in gene expression. Mutant NOTCH1 expression was associated with downregulation of the Notch target genes HEY1 and HES1, indicating that NOTCH1-related AOS arises through dysregulation of the Notch signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight a key role for NOTCH1 across a range of developmental anomalies that include cardiac defects and implicate NOTCH1 haploinsufficiency as a likely molecular mechanism for this group of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Southgate
- Division of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maja Sukalo
- Institute of Human Genetics, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Edward J Taylor
- School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
| | - Claire S Collinson
- Division of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah Ruddy
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katie M Snape
- Department of Clinical Genetics, South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, St George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- Scientific Directorate, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - John L Tolmie
- South West of Scotland Clinical Genetics Service, Southern General Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Shelagh Joss
- South West of Scotland Clinical Genetics Service, Southern General Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Brancati
- Department of Medical, Oral & Biotechnological Sciences, Gabriele d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | | | - Leonardo Salviati
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman & Child Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Wiltrud Coerdt
- Institute of Human Genetics, Mainz University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Jacquemin
- Pediatric Hepatology & Liver Transplantation Unit, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hepatinov, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.,Inserm U1174, University Paris-Sud 11, Orsay, France
| | - Wim Wuyts
- Department of Medical Genetics, University & University Hospital of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rajiv D Machado
- School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
| | - Richard C Trembath
- Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Sukalo M, Tilsen F, Kayserili H, Müller D, Tüysüz B, Ruddy DM, Wakeling E, Ørstavik KH, Snape KM, Trembath R, De Smedt M, van der Aa N, Skalej M, Mundlos S, Wuyts W, Southgate L, Zenker M. DOCK6 mutations are responsible for a distinct autosomal-recessive variant of Adams-Oliver syndrome associated with brain and eye anomalies. Hum Mutat 2015; 36:593-8. [PMID: 25824905 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS) is characterized by the association of aplasia cutis congenita with terminal transverse limb defects, often accompanied by additional cardiovascular or neurological features. Both autosomal-dominant and autosomal-recessive disease transmission have been observed, with recent gene discoveries indicating extensive genetic heterogeneity. Mutations of the DOCK6 gene were first described in autosomal-recessive cases of AOS and only five DOCK6-related families have been reported to date. Recently, a second type of autosomal-recessive AOS has been attributed to EOGT mutations in three consanguineous families. Here, we describe the identification of 13 DOCK6 mutations, the majority of which are novel, across 10 unrelated individuals from a large cohort comprising 47 sporadic cases and 31 AOS pedigrees suggestive of autosomal-recessive inheritance. DOCK6 mutations were strongly associated with structural brain abnormalities, ocular anomalies, and intellectual disability, thus suggesting that DOCK6-linked disease represents a variant of AOS with a particularly poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Sukalo
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Felix Tilsen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hülya Kayserili
- Medical Genetics Department, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.,Medical Genetics Department, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dietmar Müller
- Institut für Medizinische Genetik, Klinikum Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Beyhan Tüysüz
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Emma Wakeling
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, UK
| | | | - Katie M Snape
- Department of Clinical Genetics, St. George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Richard Trembath
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.,Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Maryse De Smedt
- Department of Medical Genetics, Leuven University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nathalie van der Aa
- Department of Medical Genetics, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Martin Skalej
- Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Mundlos
- Institute for Medical and Human Genetics Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wim Wuyts
- Department of Medical Genetics, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Laura Southgate
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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50
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Ogawa M, Sawaguchi S, Furukawa K, Okajima T. N-acetylglucosamine modification in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1850:1319-24. [PMID: 25791024 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification of epidermal growth factor (EGF) domains catalyzed by EGF domain O-GlcNAc transferase (EOGT) is the first example of GlcNAc modification in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). SCOPE OF REVIEW This review summarizes current knowledge on the EOGT-catalyzed O-GlcNAc modification of EGF domains obtained through biochemical characterization, genetic analysis in Drosophila, and identification of human EOGT mutation. Additionally, this review discusses GTDC2-another ER protein homologous to EOGT that catalyzes the GlcNAc modification of O-mannosylated α-dystroglycan-and other components of the biosynthetic pathway involved in GlcNAc modification in the ER lumen. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS GlcNAc modification in the ER lumen has been identified as a novel type of protein modification that regulates specific protein function. Moreover, abnormal GlcNAc modification in the ER lumen is responsible for Adams-Oliver syndrome and Walker-Warburg syndrome. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Elucidation of the biological function of GlcNAc modification in the ER lumen will provide new insights into the unique roles of O-glycans, whose importance has been demonstrated in multifunctional glycoproteins such as Notch receptors and α-dystroglyan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsutaka Ogawa
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan; Department of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Shogo Sawaguchi
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan
| | - Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okajima
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-0065, Japan.
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