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Hu Y, Tong Z, Huang X, Qin JJ, Lin L, Lei F, Wang W, Liu W, Sun T, Cai J, She ZG, Li H. The projections of global and regional rheumatic heart disease burden from 2020 to 2030. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:941917. [PMID: 36330016 PMCID: PMC9622772 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.941917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains the leading cause of preventable death and disability in children and young adults, killing an estimated 320,000 individuals worldwide yearly. Materials and methods We utilized the Bayesian age-period cohort (BAPC) model to project the change in disease burden from 2020 to 2030 using the data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. Then we described the projected epidemiological characteristics of RHD by region, sex, and age. Results The global age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) and age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of RHD increased from 1990 to 2019, and ASPR will increase to 559.88 per 100,000 population by 2030. The global age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of RHD will continue declining, while the projected death cases will increase. Furthermore, ASPR and cases of RHD-associated HF will continue rising, and there will be 2,922,840 heart failure (HF) cases in 2030 globally. Female subjects will still be the dominant population compared to male subjects, and the ASPR of RHD and the ASPR of RHD-associated HF in female subjects will continue to increase from 2020 to 2030. Young people will have the highest ASPR of RHD among all age groups globally, while the elderly will bear a greater death and HF burden. Conclusion In the following decade, the RHD burden will remain severe. There are large variations in the trend of RHD burden by region, sex, and age. Targeted and effective strategies are needed for the management of RHD, particularly in female subjects and young people in developing regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zijia Tong
- Department of Cardiology, Huanggang Central Hospital of Yangtze University, Huanggang, China
- Huanggang Institute of Translational Medicine, Huanggang, China
| | - Xuewei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan-Juan Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijin Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Lei
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weifang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Hongliang Li,
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Zhi-Gang She,
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Ananthanathorn P, Sukharomana M, Charuvanij S. Clinical profiles of post-infectious arthritis and transient synovitis of the hip in children. Pediatr Int 2022; 64:e15237. [PMID: 35938590 DOI: 10.1111/ped.15237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute inflammatory arthritides can present as a result of immune reaction following infections. Post-infectious arthritis and transient synovitis of the hip in children are included in this disease entity. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical profiles of post-infectious arthritis and transient synovitis of the hip in Thai children. METHODS A retrospective review was performed at a tertiary care hospital in Bangkok, Thailand from January 2005 to July 2017. RESULTS Eighty-six patients (56 boys and 30 girls) were included in this study. Mean age was 8.4 ± 4.8 years. Reactive arthritis was diagnosed in two patients (2.3%) following Salmonella spp. and Chlamydia trachomatis infections. Post-streptococcal reactive arthritis was present in 10 patients (11.6%). Transient synovitis of the hip was found in 30 patients (34.9%). Forty-four patients (51.2%) were clinically diagnosed with post-infectious arthritis. Mono/oligoarthritis was the most common clinical profile (84.9%). The distribution of lower-extremity involvement was as follows: hip, 47.6%; knee, 46.5%; and ankle joints, 30.2%. The documented preceding illness consisted mostly of upper respiratory tract symptoms (30.2%). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were prescribed for 70 patients (81.4%). CONCLUSION Mono/oligoarthritis of the lower extremity was the main clinical profile. Preceding viral illness was documented in one-third of children. Reactive arthritis was rarely seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paween Ananthanathorn
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Maynart Sukharomana
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirirat Charuvanij
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Taniguchi Y, Nishikawa H, Yoshida T, Terada Y, Tada K, Tamura N, Kobayashi S. Expanding the spectrum of reactive arthritis (ReA): classic ReA and infection-related arthritis including poststreptococcal ReA, Poncet's disease, and iBCG-induced ReA. Rheumatol Int 2021; 41:1387-1398. [PMID: 33939015 PMCID: PMC8091991 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-021-04879-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Reactive arthritis (ReA) is a form of sterile arthritis that occurs secondary to an extra-articular infection in genetically predisposed individuals. The extra-articular infection is typically an infection of the gastrointestinal tract or genitourinary tract. Infection-related arthritis is a sterile arthritis associated with streptococcal tonsillitis, extra-articular tuberculosis, or intravesical instillation of bacillus Calmette–Guérin (iBCG) therapy for bladder cancer. These infection-related arthritis diagnoses are often grouped with ReA based on the pathogenic mechanism. However, the unique characteristics of these entities may be masked by a group classification. Therefore, we reviewed the clinical characteristics of classic ReA, poststreptococcal ReA, Poncet’s disease, and iBCG-induced ReA. Considering the diversity in triggering microbes, infection sites, and frequency of HLA-B27, these are different disorders. However, the clinical symptoms and intracellular parasitism pathogenic mechanism among classic ReA and infection-related arthritis entities are similar. Therefore, poststreptococcal ReA, Poncet’s disease, and iBCG-induced ReA could be included in the expanding spectrum of ReA, especially based on the pathogenic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Taniguchi
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kochi Medical School Hospital, Nankoku, 783-8505, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Nishikawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kochi Medical School Hospital, Nankoku, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yoshida
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chikamori Hospital, Kochi, Japan
| | - Yoshio Terada
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kochi Medical School Hospital, Nankoku, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Kurisu Tada
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Tamura
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeto Kobayashi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan.
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Update on Post-Streptococcal Reactive Arthritis: Narrative Review of a Forgotten Disease. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2021; 23:19. [PMID: 33569668 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-021-00982-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW This topical review attempts to build the concepts of PSRA as an independent entity and discuss prevalent diagnostic criteria. It utilizes a search strategy to collate all clinical features of PSRA reported from across the world and also discusses laboratory and treatment options in brief. RECENT FINDINGS There are several immune-mediated diseases described after acute streptococcal infections. Post-streptococcal reactive arthritis (PSRA) is a sterile, self-limiting arthritis that occur as an immune sequelae to streptococcal infection. Though PSRA resembles the arthritis of acute rheumatic fever superficially, it is a separate entity in its own right. It is different from classical reactive arthritis too. It was being recognized worldwide and more frequently in the recent past, possibly due to heightened awareness amongst clinicians. However, research on this enigmatic immune phenomenon is limited. Most acceptable hypotheses suggest molecular mimicry sensitizing the immune system towards synovial peptides such as keratin, vimentin and laminin, leading to arthritis in a genetically predisposed individual. There is still much to be learnt from this unique disease about the vagaries of the immune system.
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Padhan P, Danda D. Clinical spectrum of post-streptococcal reactive arthritis (PSRA) revisited: Juvenile versus adult-onset disease. Int J Rheum Dis 2019; 22:750-751. [PMID: 30942549 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasanta Padhan
- Department of Rheumatology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Debashish Danda
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Vellore, India
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Abouzeid M, Katzenellenbogen J, Wyber R, Watkins D, Johnson TD, Carapetis J. Rheumatic heart disease across the Western Pacific: not just a Pacific Island problem. HEART ASIA 2017; 9:e010948. [PMID: 29403546 PMCID: PMC5791559 DOI: 10.1136/heartasia-2017-010948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Some of the highest recorded rheumatic heart disease (RHD) prevalence and mortality rates are from the World Health Organization’s Western Pacific Region (WPR). RHD burden has been well documented in much of the WPR subregion of Oceania, but less is known about RHD outside the Pacific Islands and Australasia. We aimed to review RHD burden in WPR outside Oceania to identify countries with high RHD burden and those with contemporary data gaps. We searched the peer-reviewed literature for English-language primary studies published between 1980 and April 2017 that reported RHD prevalence or mortality in the 13 WPR countries/areas outside Oceania, and Taiwan. We also searched for official government reports and health indicator documents. Results were synthesised narratively and reported stratified by 2015 Human Development Index (HDI) level. 30 peer-reviewed publications fulfilling inclusion criteria were identified, representing nine countries/areas. RHD prevalence and mortality have fallen in association with economic development, particularly in very high HDI countries. In several countries that have undergone recent economic development, RHD persists particularly among older populations. In poorer WPR countries there is a persistent RHD burden, including in young populations. Some countries had no available data. Although RHD burden has declined in many high-resource settings across the WPR, in several poorer countries, the impact of RHD appears to continue. Elsewhere, insufficient contemporary data make it difficult to gauge the current status of RHD burden and control. Concerted efforts are needed to fill information gaps and implement action to address this avoidable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Abouzeid
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Australia
| | - Judith Katzenellenbogen
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Australia
| | - Rosemary Wyber
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Australia
| | - David Watkins
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | | | - Jonathan Carapetis
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Australia
- Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia
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