Relation of CHA2DS2VASC Score With Hemorrhagic Stroke and Mortality in Patients Undergoing Fibrinolytic Therapy for ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Use of risk scores to identify lower and higher risk subsets among COMPASS-eligible patients with chronic coronary syndromes. Insights from the CLARIFY registry

Background

The COMPASS trial showed a reduction of ischemic events with low‐dose rivaroxaban and aspirin in chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) compared with aspirin alone, at the expense of increased bleeding.

Hypothesis

The CHA₂DS₂VaSc Score, REACH Recurrent Ischemic (RIS), and REACH Bleeding Risk Score (BRS) could identify patients with a favorable trade‐off between ischemic and bleeding events, among COMPASS‐eligible patients.

Methods

We identified the COMPASS‐eligible population within the CLARIFY registry (>30.000 patients with CCS). High‐bleeding risk patients (REACH BRS > 10) were excluded, as in the COMPASS trial. Patients were categorized as low (0–1) or high (≥ 2) CHA₂DS₂VaSc; low (0–12) or intermediate (13–19) REACH RIS, and low (0–6) or intermediate (7–10) REACH BRS. Ischemic outcome was the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction or stroke. Bleeding was defined as serious bleeding (haemorrhagic stroke, hospitalization for bleeding, transfusion).

Results

The COMPASS‐eligible population comprised 5.142 patients with ischemic and bleeding outcome of 2.3 (2.1–2.5) and 0.5 (0.4–0.6) per 100 patient‐years, respectively. Patients with intermediate REACH RIS (n = 1934 [37.6%]) had the higher ischemic risk (3.0 [2.6–3.4]) with similar bleeding risk (0.5 [0.4–0.7]) as the overall population. Patients with low CHA₂DS₂VaSc (n = 229 [4.4%]) had a very low ischemic risk (0.6 [0.3–1.3]) with similar bleeding risk (0.5 [0.2–1.1]).

Conclusions

Intermediate REACH RIS identified potential optimal candidates for adjunction of low‐dose rivaroxaban while patients with low CHA₂DS₂VaSc score .appears unlikely to benefit from the COMPASS regimen. None of the three risk scores predicted the occurrence of serious bleeding.