Childs EW, Tharakan B, Nurudeen S, Delmas TL, Hellman J, Christie T, Hunter FA, Smythe WR. Cyclosporine A--protection against microvascular hyperpermeability is calcineurin independent.
Am J Surg 2010;
199:542-8. [PMID:
20359571 DOI:
10.1016/j.amjsurg.2009.11.002]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2009] [Revised: 11/20/2009] [Accepted: 11/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Mitochondria-mediated apoptotic signaling contributes to microvascular hyperpermeability. We hypothesized that cyclosporine A (CsA), which protects mitochondrial transition pores, would attenuate hyperpermeability independent of its calcineurin inhibitory property.
METHODS
Hyperpermeability was induced in microvascular endothelial cell monolayers using proapoptotic BAK or active caspase-3 after CsA or a specific calcineurin inhibitor, calcineurin autoinhibitory peptide (CIP), treatment. Permeability was measured based on fluorescein isothiocyanate-albumin flux across the monolayers. Mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTP) was determined using 5,5',6,6'-tetrachoro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolyl carbocyanine iodide. Mitochondrial release of cytochrome c was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and caspase-3 activity fluorometrically.
RESULTS
CsA-attenuated (10 nmol/L) but not CIP-attenuated (100 mumol/L) BAK induced hyperpermeability (P < .05), CsA- but not CIP-attenuated BAK induced a decrease in MTP and an increase in cytochrome c levels and caspase-3 activity (P < .05). CsA and CIP were ineffective against caspase-3-induced hyperpermeability.
CONCLUSIONS
CsA attenuated hyperpermeability by protecting MTP, thus preventing mitochondria-mediated apoptotic signaling. The protective effect of CsA is independent of calcineurin inhibition.
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