1
|
Sivapalan S, Loving BA, Ramanathan S, Schukow CP, Robertson JM. Radiation Therapy in the Management of Extensive Giant Condyloma Acuminata With Rectal Involvement: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e56882. [PMID: 38659525 PMCID: PMC11041860 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Giant condyloma acuminata (GCA) is a rare, locally aggressive manifestation of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, typically affecting the anorectal area. Patients with GCA often have a poor prognosis due to the high risk of malignant transformation. In this case report, we present a 39-year-old man with HIV who developed progressive and refractory anorectal GCA. Despite initially non-cancerous pathology results, there were concerns regarding a malignant component to the mass. Multidisciplinary discussions led to the decision to pursue definitive radiation therapy. This case report and review of the literature highlight the role of radiation in the management of GCA and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of complex cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaveena Sivapalan
- Radiation Oncology, Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, East Lansing, USA
| | | | - Siddharth Ramanathan
- Radiation Oncology, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester Hills, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Switlyk MD, Hopland A, Reitan E, Sivanesan S, Brennhovd B, Axcrona U, Hole KH. Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Penile Cancer: A Pictorial Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5324. [PMID: 38001583 PMCID: PMC10670261 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in assessing penile cancer is not well defined. However, this modality may be successfully applied for preoperative staging and patient selection; postoperative local and regional surveillance; and assessments of treatment response after oncological therapies. Previous studies have been mostly limited to a few small series evaluating the accuracy of MRI for the preoperative staging of penile cancer. This review discusses the principles of non-erectile mpMRI, including functional techniques and their applications in evaluating the male genital region, along with clinical protocols and technical considerations. The latest clinical classifications and guidelines are reviewed, focusing on imaging recommendations and discussing potential gaps and disadvantages. The development of functional MRI techniques and the extraction of quantitative parameters from these sequences enables the noninvasive assessment of phenotypic and genotypic tumor characteristics. The applications of advanced techniques in penile MRI are yet to be defined. There is a need for prospective trials and feasible multicenter trials due to the rarity of the disease, highlighting the importance of minimum technical requirements for MRI protocols, particularly image resolution, and finally determining the role of mpMRI in the assessment of penile cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta D. Switlyk
- Department of Radiology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (E.R.); (K.H.H.)
| | - Andreas Hopland
- Department of Urology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (A.H.); (S.S.); (B.B.)
| | - Edmund Reitan
- Department of Radiology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (E.R.); (K.H.H.)
| | - Shivanthe Sivanesan
- Department of Urology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (A.H.); (S.S.); (B.B.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine (KlinMED), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Brennhovd
- Department of Urology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (A.H.); (S.S.); (B.B.)
| | - Ulrika Axcrona
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Knut H. Hole
- Department of Radiology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (E.R.); (K.H.H.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine (KlinMED), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Costa Almeida CE, Azevedo J, Botelho I, Vilaça J. Buschke-Löwenstein tumour: a rare and challenging entity. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:e244192. [PMID: 34531235 PMCID: PMC8449944 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-244192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Buschke-Löwenstein tumour (BLT) is rare and locally aggressive, and malignant transformation is a possibility. Because there is no consensus on the best treatment approach, the authors present a treatment algorithm based on several case reports. A 57-year-old male patient resorted to surgical consultation with a giant perianal cauliflower-like mass. A BLT was diagnosed. Due to the involvement of the anal sphincter, a wide local excision saving the rectum failed. Abdominoperineal resection was performed. Malignant transformation was diagnosed, and adjuvant radiotherapy was delivered. Clinical evolution was uneventful. Aggressive behaviour despite the absence of malignancy is the hallmark of BLT. The common presentation is an anal mass with a cauliflower-like appearance. Anal verrucous carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are the major differential diagnoses. BLT treatment is challenging. Surgery is the first-line treatment, raging from wide local excision to abdominoperineal resection. To improve outcomes, chemoradiation can be used in combination with surgery. Long-term follow-up is mandatory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - José Azevedo
- General Surgery, Hospital da Horta EPER, Horta, Portugal
| | - Inês Botelho
- General Surgery Consultation Nurse, Hospital da Luz, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Jaime Vilaça
- General Surgery, Hospital da Luz, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|