The relationship between glycine levels in collagen in the anterior rectus sheath tissue and the onset of indirect inguinal hernia: A cross-sectional study

An Innovative Enzymatic Surface Plasmon Resonance-Based Biosensor Designed for Precise Detection of Glycine Amino Acid

Glycine is an essential amino acid involved in synthesizing a variety of important biomolecules, and its concentration can influence numerous biochemical processes, including the severity of symptoms in a wide range of conditions in humans, such as cancer, schizophrenia, major depression, and diabetes. While a few costly or labour-intensive methods are currently available, we have developed a new enzymatic biosensor that can accurately measure glycine levels with remarkable simplicity. By employing immobilized laccase enzymes in combination with a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) device, our system achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 9.95 mM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 33.19 mM. In addition, it demonstrated a recovery rate of 97.64 ± 7.71%. Moreover, the biosensor maintained consistent signal intensity over 21 days and supported a total of 60 analyses using the same immobilized enzyme setup, demonstrating excellent reusability. Notably, this study marks the first time glycine has been determined using an enzymatic SPR-based platform.

Utilization of Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) Skin as a Source for Gelatine Extraction Using Acid Hydrolysis

Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) is an underutilized marine resource that is currently only being exploited for roe. Lumpfish skin was pre-treated with alkali (0.1M NaOH) and acid (0.1M HCl) at a skin to chemical ratio of 1:10 for 24 h at 5 °C to remove non-collagenous proteins and minerals. The pre-treated skin was washed, and gelatine was extracted with 0.1M of acetic acid at three different ratios (1:5, 1:10, and 1:15), time (12,18, and 24 h), and temperature combinations (12, 28, and 24 °C). The highest total extraction yield (>40%) was obtained with combinations of extraction ratios of 1:15 and 1:10 with a longer time (24 h) and higher temperature (18-24 °C). The highest gelatine content was obtained with an extraction period of 24 h and ratio of 1:10 (>80%). SDS-PAGE analysis confirmed the presence of type-I collagen. A rheological evaluation indicated melting and gelling temperatures, gel strength, and viscosity properties comparable to existing cold-water gelatine sources.

Temporal patterns for inguinal hernia recurrence operations after Shouldice Repair

PURPOSE

Shouldice Repair for inguinal hernias results in a low recurrence rate; however, little is known about the risk factors for these relapses. In the present study, we reviewed all patient's undergoing a reoperation for recurrence after a primary Shouldice Repair.

METHODS

Patients undergoing recurrent inguinal hernia repair from 2013 to 2017 were identified. The subgroup of patients with the first recurrence after a Shouldice Repair at this institution was selected and included. Data collection from the index and the reoperation surgery were performed, as well as statistical analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 125 patients were included in the analysis. The mean age was 50.8 ± 13.9 (body mass index: 24.6 ± 2.6 kg/m2), 97% were male. The most common interval for a recurrence reoperation was in the first 5 years following the initial surgery (37.6% of patients; mode: 1 year; median: 7 years; mean: 13.7 ± 13.8 years). A temporal median pattern for recurrence reoperation according to age interval was noted (patients < 41 years old: 20 years; patients aged 41-60 years old: 10 years and patients > 61 years: 2 years)).

CONCLUSION

Patients undergoing reoperations for recurrent inguinal hernias after a primary Shouldice Repair presented a pattern of temporal recurrence according to age. Older patients present with earlier recurrences than younger ones, an important consideration in the assessment of patients postoperatively.