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Ungerfeld EM, Pitta D. Review: Biological consequences of the inhibition of rumen methanogenesis. Animal 2024:101170. [PMID: 38772773 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2024.101170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Decreasing enteric CH4 emissions from ruminants is important for containing global warming to 1.5 °C and avoid the worst consequences of climate change. However, the objective of mitigating enteric CH4 emissions is difficult to reconcile with the forecasted increase in production of ruminant meat and milk, unless CH4 production per animal and per kilogram of animal product are decreased substantially. Chemical compound 3-nitrooxypropanol and bromoform-containing red algae Asparagopsis are currently the most potent inhibitors of rumen methanogenesis, but their average efficacy would have to be increased to mitigate enteric CH4 emissions to contain global warming to 1.5 °C, if the demand for ruminant products increases as predicted. We propose that it may be possible to enhance the efficacy of inhibitors of methanogenesis through understanding the mechanisms that cause variation in their efficacy across studies. We also propose that a more thorough understanding of the effects of inhibiting methanogenesis on rumen and postabsorptive metabolism may help improve feed efficiency and cost-effectiveness as co-benefits of the methanogenesis inhibition intervention. For enhancing efficacy, we examine herein how different inhibitors of methanogenesis affect the composition of the rumen microbial community and discuss some mechanisms that may explain dissimilar sensitivities among methanogens to different types of inhibitors. For improving feed efficiency and cost-effectiveness, we discuss the consequences of inhibiting methanogenesis on rumen fermentation, and how changes in rumen fermentation can in turn affect postabsorptive metabolism and animal performance. The objectives of this review are to identify knowledge gaps of the consequences of inhibiting methanogenesis on rumen microbiology and rumen and postabsorptive metabolism, propose research to address those knowledge gaps and discuss the implications that this research can have for the efficacy and adoption of inhibitors of methanogenesis. Depending on its outcomes, research on the microbiological, biochemical, and metabolic consequences of the inhibition of rumen methanogenesis could help the adoption of feed additives inhibitors of methanogenesis to mitigate enteric CH4 emissions from ruminants to ameliorate climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Ungerfeld
- Centro Regional de Investigación Carillanca, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA, Camino Cajón a Vilcún km 10, 4880000 Vilcún, La Araucanía, Chile.
| | - D Pitta
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, New Bolton Center, 19348 Kenneth Square, PA, United States
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Li J, Zhao S, Meng Z, Gao Y, Miao J, Mao S, Jin W. Effects of Fumarate and Nitroglycerin on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, Methane and Hydrogen Production, and on Microbiota. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1011. [PMID: 37508440 PMCID: PMC10376899 DOI: 10.3390/biology12071011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of fumarate and nitroglycerin on rumen fermentation, methane and hydrogen production, and microbiota. In vitro rumen fermentation was used in this study with four treatment groups: control (CON), fumarate (FA), nitroglycerin (NG) and fumarate plus nitroglycerin (FN). Real-time PCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were used to analyze microbiota. The results showed that nitroglycerin completely inhibited methane production and that this resulted in hydrogen accumulation. Fumarate decreased the hydrogen accumulation and improved the rumen fermentation parameters. Fumarate increased the concentration of propionate and microbial crude protein, and decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate in FN. Fumarate, nitroglycerin and their combination did not affect the abundance of bacteria, protozoa and anaerobic fungi, but altered archaea. The PCoA showed that the bacterial (Anosim, R = 0.747, p = 0.001) and archaeal communities (Anosim, R = 0.410, p = 0.005) were different among the four treatments. Compared with CON, fumarate restored Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Spirochaetae, Actinobacteria, Unclassified Ruminococcaceae, Streptococcus, Treponema and Bifidobacterium in relative abundance in FN, but did not affect Succinivibrio, Ruminobacter and archaeal taxa. The results indicated that fumarate alleviated the depressed rumen fermentation caused by the inhibition of methanogenesis by nitroglycerin. This may potentially provide an alternative way to use these chemicals to mitigate methane emission in ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichao Li
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shengwei Zhao
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhenxiang Meng
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yunlong Gao
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jing Miao
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shengyong Mao
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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France TL, Myers WA, Javaid A, Frost IR, McFadden JW. Changes in plasma and milk choline metabolite concentrations in response to the provision of various rumen-protected choline prototypes in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:9509-9522. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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