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Sanz-Martín D, Ruiz-Tendero G, Alonso-Vargas JM, Melguizo-Ibáñez E. Physical Activity and Perceived Support among Adolescents According to Sex and Municipality. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1512. [PMID: 39120215 PMCID: PMC11311463 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12151512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
A cross-sectional study was conducted with three aims: (1) to determine the degree of compliance with physical activity recommendations among adolescents according to sex and place of residence, (2) to determine the perceived support of family and friends for physical activity among adolescents according to sex and place of residence, and (3) to analyse the influence of family and friends support on compliance with physical activity recommendations among adolescents according to sex and place of residence. A total of 694 adolescents from an inland area of Spain (14.06 ± 1.27 years) participated. Four one-day physical activity questionnaires were administered to assess physical activity and the Parental Support Scale and Peer Support to measure perceived support from family and friends regarding physical activity. Chi-square, Crammer's V and Student's tests were calculated to identify differences between variables according to sex and municipality of residence. Moreover, the initial binary logistic regression model was constructed to predict the physical activity compliance. Differences in adherence to physical activity recommendations were found according to the sex of the students (rural area: x2 = 4.192, p < 0.05; V = 0.106, p < 0.05; urban area: x2 = 8.999, p < 0.05; V = 0.167, p < 0.01). There were also sex differences in rural areas on items related to families providing transport (t = 3.878, p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.40) and doing physical activity together (t = 4.974, p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.50). It is concluded that most adolescents do not comply with physical activity recommendations. In addition, 30.4% of urban girls' compliance was predicted by the perception that their family members saw them doing physical activity and doing it with friends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sanz-Martín
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Universidad Isabel I, 09003 Burgos, Spain
| | - Germán Ruiz-Tendero
- Department of Languages, Arts and Physical Education Teaching, Faculty of Education, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - José Manuel Alonso-Vargas
- Department of Didactics Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, Faculty of Education Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.A.-V.); (E.M.-I.)
| | - Eduardo Melguizo-Ibáñez
- Department of Didactics Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, Faculty of Education Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.A.-V.); (E.M.-I.)
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Ávalos-Ramos MA, Pascual-Galiano MT, Vidaci A, Vega-Ramírez L. Future Intentions of Adolescents towards Physical Activity, Sports, and Leisure Practices. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 12:66. [PMID: 38200972 PMCID: PMC10779288 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization warns of alarmingly high levels of sedentary behavior in our current society. In terms of the adolescent population, a substantial percentage of them do not meet the global recommendations for weekly physical activity. Therefore, this qualitative study aimed to analyze the predisposition and future preferences for physical activity and sports (PAS) and leisure practices of 142 adolescents, as well as identifying the challenges and proposed improvements, while considering gender differences. The participants' reflections were gathered through semistructured interviews and focus groups and subjected to an inductive analysis. The main findings indicate a high intention to engage in future PAS and leisure activity. Individual sports were predominantly mentioned by girls, while team sports were mainly favored by boys. Additionally, boys expressed a preference for technology-related leisure activities, whereas girls leaned towards artistic activities. The participants emphasized the necessity to renew sports and recreational facilities and to adapt to the range of activities offered. At the same time, they acknowledged that reallocating economic resources would improve the quality of sports and health-care services. Consequently, institutions should tailor their programs of PAS and leisure activities to align with the preferences, ages, and genders of the youth population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mᵃ Alejandra Ávalos-Ramos
- Department of General and Specific Didactics, Faculty of Education, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (Mᵃ.T.P.-G.); (A.V.); (L.V.-R.)
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Fuentealba-Urra S, Rubio A, Flores-Rivera C, González-Carrasco M, Oyanedel JC, Castillo-Quezada H, Céspedes-Carreño C, Pacheco-Carrillo J. Physical activity habits and their relationship with sociodemographic factors in Chilean adolescents. Front Psychol 2022; 13:915314. [PMID: 36059745 PMCID: PMC9431025 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.915314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity plays an important role in the well-being and development of adolescents. Physical activity habits expressed in terms of frequency and duration are consistently associated with sociodemographic factors such as age, gender, and socioeconomic status. However, there is less evidence of the relationship between the type and context of physical activity in adolescents. The aim of this article is to analyze physical activity habits and their relationship with sociodemographic factors in Chilean adolescents. The cross-sectional study consisted of 7,263 adolescents aged between 10 and 20 years old, students from both public and private schools in all regions of Chile. Physical activity habits were examined by means of a self-report questionnaire. The age groups were classified according to the three stages of adolescence (early: 10 to 13, middle: 14 to 16, and late: 17 to 20 years old). Socioeconomic level was established based on the school vulnerability index (SVI) of the school attended by each adolescent. In the study it was obvious to the level of physical activity for the adolescents was below the international recommendations. A statistically significant association can also be found between the sociodemographic factors studied and the physical activity habits reported by the young people. The multivariate regression analysis established that the risk of not achieving the physical activity recommendations was 2.8 times higher in females than in males, 2.4 times higher in the older age groups (14-16 and 17-20 years old) compared to the 10-13-year age range and 1.1 times in the medium and high vulnerability groups than in the low socioeconomic vulnerability group. These findings highlight the importance of considering all these factors holistically whenever designing programs or public policies that promote the development of healthy physical activity habits in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrés Rubio
- Facultad de Economía y Negocios, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Psychology, Diego Portales University, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carol Flores-Rivera
- Facultad de Educación y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Juan Carlos Oyanedel
- Facultad de Educación y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
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Pastor R, Bouzas C, Albertos I, García C, García Á, Prieto T, Velázquez J, Sánchez-Jiménez E, Rodríguez R, Martín FJ, Campón AM, Tur JA. Health-Related Quality of Life in Spanish Schoolchildren and Its Association with the Fitness Status and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet. Nutrients 2022; 14:2322. [PMID: 35684122 PMCID: PMC9182729 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) allows knowing the subject’s feelings in distress and well-being, as well as perception of current and future health. Objective: To assess associations between health-related quality of life, fitness status, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in Spanish children and adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a sample of 305 (47.2% women) children and adolescents aged between 8 and 16 years, in the primary and secondary schools of the province of Ávila (central Spain) (NCT05380674). Subjects were classified according to their quality of life: group 1 (highest quality of life) > group 2 (medium quality of life) > group 3 (lowest quality of life). Results: More participants in group 1 showed higher adherence to Mediterranean diet (70.8%) than other groups (group 2: 55.0%; group 3: 43.4%). It was less likely to find optimal levels of muscle strength as quality of life decreased (OR; 95% CI: group 2: 0.535; 0.303−0.955; and group 3: 0.424; 0.234−0.768). Similar trends were found for speed and agility, but only group 3 showed significant results (OR; 95% CI: group 3: 0.297; 0.162−0.545). Flexibility was also the worst in groups 2 and 3 (OR; 95% CI: G2: 0.403; 0.213−0.762; and group 3: 0.520; 0.282−0.958). Conclusion: High fitness status and adherence to the Mediterranean diet were associated with improved health-related quality of life in schoolchildren of central Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Pastor
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (R.P.); (C.B.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Avila, 05005 Avila, Spain; (I.A.); (C.G.); (Á.G.); (T.P.); (J.V.); (E.S.-J.); (R.R.); (F.J.M.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (R.P.); (C.B.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Avila, 05005 Avila, Spain; (I.A.); (C.G.); (Á.G.); (T.P.); (J.V.); (E.S.-J.); (R.R.); (F.J.M.); (A.M.C.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Foundation Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Irene Albertos
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Avila, 05005 Avila, Spain; (I.A.); (C.G.); (Á.G.); (T.P.); (J.V.); (E.S.-J.); (R.R.); (F.J.M.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Carolina García
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Avila, 05005 Avila, Spain; (I.A.); (C.G.); (Á.G.); (T.P.); (J.V.); (E.S.-J.); (R.R.); (F.J.M.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Ángela García
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Avila, 05005 Avila, Spain; (I.A.); (C.G.); (Á.G.); (T.P.); (J.V.); (E.S.-J.); (R.R.); (F.J.M.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Teresa Prieto
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Avila, 05005 Avila, Spain; (I.A.); (C.G.); (Á.G.); (T.P.); (J.V.); (E.S.-J.); (R.R.); (F.J.M.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Jorge Velázquez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Avila, 05005 Avila, Spain; (I.A.); (C.G.); (Á.G.); (T.P.); (J.V.); (E.S.-J.); (R.R.); (F.J.M.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Elena Sánchez-Jiménez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Avila, 05005 Avila, Spain; (I.A.); (C.G.); (Á.G.); (T.P.); (J.V.); (E.S.-J.); (R.R.); (F.J.M.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Rocío Rodríguez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Avila, 05005 Avila, Spain; (I.A.); (C.G.); (Á.G.); (T.P.); (J.V.); (E.S.-J.); (R.R.); (F.J.M.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Francisco Javier Martín
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Avila, 05005 Avila, Spain; (I.A.); (C.G.); (Á.G.); (T.P.); (J.V.); (E.S.-J.); (R.R.); (F.J.M.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Angélica María Campón
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Avila, 05005 Avila, Spain; (I.A.); (C.G.); (Á.G.); (T.P.); (J.V.); (E.S.-J.); (R.R.); (F.J.M.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (R.P.); (C.B.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Foundation Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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