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Journeau C, Kiselová M, Pozniak I, Bezdička P, Svora P, Šubrt J, Bechta S. Transient interactions of boron carbide with molten uranium oxide. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2021.101078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Nandan S, Fichot F, Piar B. A simplified model for the quaternary U-Zr-Fe-O system in the miscibility gap. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2020.110608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Furuki G, Imoto J, Ochiai A, Yamasaki S, Nanba K, Ohnuki T, Grambow B, Ewing RC, Utsunomiya S. Caesium-rich micro-particles: A window into the meltdown events at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42731. [PMID: 28198440 PMCID: PMC5309886 DOI: 10.1038/srep42731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) in March 2011 caused partial meltdowns of three reactors. During the meltdowns, a type of condensed particle, a caesium-rich micro-particle (CsMP), formed inside the reactors via unknown processes. Here we report the chemical and physical processes of CsMP formation inside the reactors during the meltdowns based on atomic-resolution electron microscopy of CsMPs discovered near the FDNPP. All of the CsMPs (with sizes of 2.0–3.4 μm) comprise SiO2 glass matrices and ~10-nm-sized Zn–Fe-oxide nanoparticles associated with a wide range of Cs concentrations (1.1–19 wt% Cs as Cs2O). Trace amounts of U are also associated with the Zn–Fe oxides. The nano-texture in the CsMPs records multiple reaction-process steps during meltdown in the severe FDNPP accident: Melted fuel (molten core)-concrete interactions (MCCIs), incorporating various airborne fission product nanoparticles, including CsOH and CsCl, proceeded via SiO2 condensation over aggregates of Zn-Fe oxide nanoparticles originating from the failure of the reactor pressure vessels. Still, CsMPs provide a mechanism by which volatile and low-volatility radionuclides such as U can reach the environment and should be considered in the migration model of Cs and radionuclides in the current environment surrounding the FDNPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genki Furuki
- Department of Chemistry, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Junpei Imoto
- Department of Chemistry, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Asumi Ochiai
- Department of Chemistry, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamasaki
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences and Center for Research in Isotopes and Environmental Dynamics, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577 Japan
| | - Kenji Nanba
- Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Symbiotic System Science, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima, 960-1296 Japan
| | - Toshihiko Ohnuki
- Laboratory for Advanced Nuclear Energy, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Bernd Grambow
- SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Université de Nantes, CNRS/IN2P3, Nantes 44307, France
| | - Rodney C Ewing
- Department of Geological Sciences and Center for International Security and Cooperation, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2115 USA
| | - Satoshi Utsunomiya
- Department of Chemistry, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Bottomley PDW, Murray-Farthing M, Manara D, Wiss T, Cremer B, Boshoven C, Lajarge P, Rondinella V. Investigations of the melting behaviour of the U–Zr–Fe–O system. J NUCL SCI TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00223131.2015.1023381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Van Dorsselaere JP, Auvinen A, Beraha D, Chatelard P, Herranz L, Journeau C, Klein-Hessling W, Kljenak I, Miassoedov A, Paci S, Zeyen R. Recent severe accident research synthesis of the major outcomes from the SARNET network. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2015.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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