|
1
|
Xu P, Yu G, Xu F, Ding C, Xue H, Chen Z. Analysis of radioactivity of negative-ion powder and determination of 232Th. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08704-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
|
2
|
External dose assessment of NORM added consumer products using Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
|
3
|
Hassan HJ, Hashim S, Abu Hanifah N, Sanusi M, Fahmi M, Tahar R, Bradley D. Use of tourmaline-based healthcare products and associated radiation risks. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
|
4
|
Abu Hanifah NZH, Hashim S, Hassan HJ, Yusof NN, Bradley D. Radioactive material in cosmetic and healthcare products: Regulatory controls. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
|
5
|
Hassan HJ, Hashim S, Mohd Sanusi MS, Jamal MH, Hassan SA, Bradley DA, García-Tenorio R, Tahar RM. The naturally occurring radioactivity of 'scalar energy' pendants and concomitant radiation risk. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250528. [PMID: 34061865 PMCID: PMC8168844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Forming part of a study of radiological risk arising from use of radioactive consumer products, investigation is made of pendants containing naturally occurring radioactive material. Based on use of gamma-ray spectrometry and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, the study investigates commercially available ‘scalar energy pendants’. The doses from these have been simulated using MIRD5 mathematical phantoms, evaluation being made of dose conversion factors (DCFs) and organ dose. Metallic pendants code MP15 were found to contain the greatest activity, at 7043 ± 471 Bq from 232Th, while glass pendants code GP11 were presented the greatest 238U and 40K activity, at 1001 ± 172 and 687 ± 130 Bq respectively. MP15 pendants offered the greatest percentage concentrations of Th, Ce, U and Zr, with means of 25.6 ± 0.06, 5.6 ± 0.005, 1.03 ± 0.04 and 28.5 ± 0.08 respectively, giving rise to an effective dose of 2.8 mSv for a nominal wearing period of 2000 h. Accordingly, these products can give rise to annual doses in excess of the public limit of 1 mSv.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Halmat Jalal Hassan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
- Department of Physics, College of Education, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
- * E-mail:
| | - Suhairul Hashim
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
- Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research (ISISIR), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Sitti Asmah Hassan
- Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - David Andrew Bradley
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guilford, United Kingdom
| | - Rafael García-Tenorio
- Department of Applied Physics II, ETSA, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Aceleradores, CNA, University of Seville-J. Andalucía-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
|
6
|
Evaluation of the annual effective dose due to the external irradiation induced by using NORM added consumer products. Appl Radiat Isot 2019; 154:108860. [PMID: 31442799 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.108860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the annual effective dose from a sleeping mattress containing naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM). In this study, the dose rate was measured using two different portable radiation detectors, namely the Geiger Müller (GM) tube and portable high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector; the annual effective dose was calculated using annualized usage of the products, and the equivalent does was evaluated via Monte Carlo (MC) simulation and using the model of the human body, which is known as a computational human phantom. The dose rate of the product, excluding background radiation at the shielded room, was measured as 0.22 and 0.13 μSv/h in the GM-tube and portable HPGe, respectively. Assuming that the sleeping mattress was used for an average sleeping of 8 h/day, the annual effective dose was calculated as 0.64 and 0.38 mSv/y using the GM-tube and portable HPGe detectors, respectively. Also, the annual effective dose calculated using MC simulation and radioactivity values from the nuclides analysis was 0.13 mSv/y. The annual effective dose calculated using the two different portable detectors and MC simulation is less than the annual effective dose limit for the general public, which is set at 1 mSv/y. This technique could be used not only for the safety regulation for products containing NORM but also for the accurate evaluation of the effective dose for radiation workers in the diverse radiation field.
Collapse
|