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Zhang Y, Zhang S, Luo J, Xu F, Xu C. Cardiometabolic index is negatively associated with the risk of sarcopenia in the middle aged and elderly Chinese: the first longitudinal evidence from CHARLS. BMC Public Health 2025; 25:1403. [PMID: 40234813 PMCID: PMC11998379 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-025-22729-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2025] [Accepted: 04/09/2025] [Indexed: 04/17/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between sarcopenia and cardiometabolic index (CMI) among the Chinese elderly adults remains unclear. The present study aimed to examine the association based on a national survey. METHODS Data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, wave 2011 and 2015) were employed. All subjects met the inclusion criteria were classified by the median of CMI. Four logistic regression models were established to explore the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between CMI and sarcopenia. Subgroups analysis, tendency analysis, etc. were conducted to testify the robustness of the association. The non-linear relationship was explored using restricted cubic spline (RCS). RESULTS 5,016 participants were enrolled in this study. The ORs of the longitudinal analysis in the models were 0.42(0.34,0.53), 0.37(0.29,0.46), 0.40(0.31,0.51) and 0.42(0.33,0.53)), respectively. Similar results were also found after propensity score matching (PSM), inverse probability weighting (IPTW) and cross-sectional analysis. Moreover, a non-linear relationship was found between CMI and sarcopenia in the total participants (both p for overall and p for non-linear < 0.001). CONCLUSION A U-shaped relationship between CMI and sarcopenia risk was found in the middle aged and elderly Chinese, with both deficient and excessive CMI levels showing detrimental effects. Maintaining a moderate CMI significantly diminishes the risk of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No.55, Section 4, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, China
| | - Shurong Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37, Guoxue Alley, 610041, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jianghui Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No.55, Section 4, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, China
| | - Feifei Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37, Guoxue Alley, 610041, Chengdu, P. R. China.
| | - Chengfeng Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No.55, Section 4, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, China.
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Carvalho RL, Brito TRP, Amaral JB, Monteiro FR, Lima DB, Pereira TAM, da Costa BF, Furtado GE, Rodrigues PMM, dos Santos CAF, Bachi ALL, Sarmento ADO. Unraveling the Interaction between Inflammation and the Cardiometabolic Index in Older Men: A Pilot Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:2529. [PMID: 39125408 PMCID: PMC11313730 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Both cardiometabolic and chronic inflammatory diseases pose a significant challenge to global public health, particularly among older adults. Here, we investigated the interplay between systemic inflammatory status and the cardiometabolic index (CMI) in older men with adequate weight or obesity. In this observational cross-sectional study, older men (71.79 ± 7.35 years) were separated into groups with normal weight (NW, n = 34) and obesity (O, n = 32) to assess circulating levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and CMI. Overall, the O group showed not only a higher inflammatory status but also increased CMI (p < 0.0001) compared with the NW group. Interestingly, only positive correlations were found between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in both groups. Through multivariate regression analysis, IL-6 (β = -0.2276, p = 0.0003) and IL-10 (β = 0.2023, p = 0.0030) significantly influenced CMI in the NW group. No significant results were found in the O group. Our findings reinforce the effects of obesity in inflammaging, as well as suggesting that the influence of cytokines in CMI occurs in older men with normal weight, since the elevated pro-inflammatory profile observed in older men with obesity can interfere in this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael L. Carvalho
- Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Anhembi Morumbi University, Technological Innovation Park, São José dos Campos 12247-016, SP, Brazil; (R.L.C.); (A.d.O.S.)
| | - Tábatta R. P. Brito
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil; (T.R.P.B.); (D.B.L.); (T.A.M.P.)
| | - Jônatas B. Amaral
- ENT Research Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04021-001, SP, Brazil;
| | - Fernanda R. Monteiro
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo 04829-300, SP, Brazil;
| | - Daniela B. Lima
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil; (T.R.P.B.); (D.B.L.); (T.A.M.P.)
| | - Thalles A. M. Pereira
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil; (T.R.P.B.); (D.B.L.); (T.A.M.P.)
| | - Beatriz F. da Costa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Interlagos, Santo Amaro University, São Paulo 04829-300, SP, Brazil;
| | - Guilherme E. Furtado
- Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua da Misericórdia, Lagar dos Cortiços, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal;
- SPRINT—Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, 3030-329 Coimbra, Portugal
- Research Centre for Natural Resources Environment and Society (CERNAS), Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pamella M. M. Rodrigues
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São Paulo 12245-520, SP, Brazil;
| | - Carlos A. F. dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil;
- Discipline of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04020-050, SP, Brazil
| | - André L. L. Bachi
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo 04829-300, SP, Brazil;
| | - Adriana de Oliveira Sarmento
- Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Anhembi Morumbi University, Technological Innovation Park, São José dos Campos 12247-016, SP, Brazil; (R.L.C.); (A.d.O.S.)
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