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Cho SB, Kim IK, Kang HS, Lee SH, Yeo CD. S100A8/A9-RAGE pathway and chronic airway inflammation in smoke-induced lung carcinogenesis. Mol Cell Toxicol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-023-00339-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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Robin HP, Trudeau CN, Robbins AJ, Chung EJ, Rahman E, Strickland OLG, Jordan S, Licari FW, Winden DR, Reynolds PR, Arroyo JA. Inflammation and Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Exposed to Electronic Cigarette Vapor Extract. Front Oncol 2022; 12:917862. [PMID: 35936727 PMCID: PMC9354529 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.917862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (eCig) represent a new avenue of tobacco exposure that involves heating oil-based liquids and the delivery of aerosolized flavors with or without nicotine, yet little is known about their overall health impact. The oral cavity is an anatomic gateway for exposure that can be compromised by activating myriad of signaling networks. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSSC) is a common malignancy affecting 30,000 people in the United States each year. Our objective was to determine the impact of eCig and nicotine on gingival OSSC invasion and their secretion of pro-inflammatory molecules. Gingiva-derived Ca9-22 cells and tongue-derived Cal27 cells were exposed to eCig vapor extract (EVE) generated from Red Hot or Green Apple (Apple) flavored eCig solution +/- nicotine for 6 hours. Isolation of protein lysates and collection conditioned media was done after treatment. Real-time cellular invasion was assessed using a RTCA DP instrument. Protein expression was determined using western blot. Compared to controls, we observed: elevated NF-kB, TNF-α, ERK, JNK, MMP-13 and cell invasion by Ca9-22 treated with Apple EVE; increased TNF-α and JNK by Ca9-22 treated with Red Hot EVE; and increased TNF-α and JNK by Cal27 cells treated with both Apple and Red Hot EVE. We conclude that eCig flavoring and nicotine orchestrated differential cell invasion and inflammatory effects. This study provides an important initial step in dissecting mechanisms of cancerous invasion and molecular avenues employed by OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah P. Robin
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
| | - Courtney N. Trudeau
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
| | - Adam J. Robbins
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
| | - Emily J. Chung
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
| | - Erum Rahman
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
| | | | - Scott Jordan
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
| | - Frank W. Licari
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
| | - Duane R. Winden
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
| | - Paul R. Reynolds
- Lung and Placenta Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Juan A. Arroyo
- Lung and Placenta Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
- *Correspondence: Juan A. Arroyo,
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Beeraka NM, Bovilla VR, Doreswamy SH, Puttalingaiah S, Srinivasan A, Madhunapantula SV. The Taming of Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2-Related Factor-2 (Nrf2) Deglycation by Fructosamine-3-Kinase (FN3K)-Inhibitors-A Novel Strategy to Combat Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020281. [PMID: 33466626 PMCID: PMC7828646 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aim of this review is to provide an overview on (a) Fructosamine-3-Kinase (FN3K) and its role in regulating Nuclear Factor Erythorid-2-Related Factor-2 (Nrf2); (b) the role of glycation and deglycation mechanisms in modulating the functional properties of proteins, in particular, the Nrf2; (c) the dual role of Nrf2 in the prevention and treatment of cancers. Since controlling the glycation of Nrf2 is one of the key mechanisms determining the fate of a cell; whether to get transformed into a cancerous one or to stay as a normal one, it is important to regulate Nrf2 and deglycating FN3K using pharmacological agents. Inhibitors of FN3K are being explored currently to modulate Nrf2 activity thereby control the cancers. Abstract Glycated stress is mediated by the advanced glycation end products (AGE) and the binding of AGEs to the receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGEs) in cancer cells. RAGEs are involved in mediating tumorigenesis of multiple cancers through the modulation of several downstream signaling cascades. Glycated stress modulates various signaling pathways that include p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), nuclear factor kappa–B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, etc., which further foster the uncontrolled proliferation, growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, and evasion of apoptosis in several cancers. In this review, a balanced overview on the role of glycation and deglycation in modulating several signaling cascades that are involved in the progression of cancers was discussed. Further, we have highlighted the functional role of deglycating enzyme fructosamine-3-kinase (FN3K) on Nrf2-driven cancers. The activity of FN3K is attributed to its ability to deglycate Nrf2, a master regulator of oxidative stress in cells. FN3K is a unique protein that mediates deglycation by phosphorylating basic amino acids lysine and arginine in various proteins such as Nrf2. Deglycated Nrf2 is stable and binds to small musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma (sMAF) proteins, thereby activating cellular antioxidant mechanisms to protect cells from oxidative stress. This cellular protection offered by Nrf2 activation, in one way, prevents the transformation of a normal cell into a cancer cell; however, in the other way, it helps a cancer cell not only to survive under hypoxic conditions but also, to stay protected from various chemo- and radio-therapeutic treatments. Therefore, the activation of Nrf2 is similar to a double-edged sword and, if not controlled properly, can lead to the development of many solid tumors. Hence, there is a need to develop novel small molecule modulators/phytochemicals that can regulate FN3K activity, thereby maintaining Nrf2 in a controlled activation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasimha M. Beeraka
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India; (N.M.B.); (V.R.B.); (S.H.D.); (S.P.)
| | - Venugopal R. Bovilla
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India; (N.M.B.); (V.R.B.); (S.H.D.); (S.P.)
- Public Health Research Institute of India (PHRII), Mysuru, Karnataka 570020, India
| | - Shalini H. Doreswamy
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India; (N.M.B.); (V.R.B.); (S.H.D.); (S.P.)
| | - Sujatha Puttalingaiah
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India; (N.M.B.); (V.R.B.); (S.H.D.); (S.P.)
| | - Asha Srinivasan
- Division of Nanoscience and Technology, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India;
| | - SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India; (N.M.B.); (V.R.B.); (S.H.D.); (S.P.)
- Special Interest Group in Cancer Biology and Cancer Stem Cells, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-810-527-8621
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Tsai KYF, Hirschi Budge KM, Lepre AP, Rhees MS, Ajdaharian J, Geiler J, Epperson DG, Astle KJ, Winden DR, Arroyo JA, Reynolds PR. Cell invasion, RAGE expression, and inflammation in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells exposed to e-cigarette flavoring. Clin Exp Dent Res 2020; 6:618-625. [PMID: 32783323 PMCID: PMC7745078 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Electronic cigarettes have given rise to a new, largely unregulated market within the smoking industry. While generally supposed to be less harmful than traditional tobacco smoke, awareness of the biological effects of electronic cigarette liquid is still scarce. Our objective was to determine the impact of electronic cigarette flavoring and nicotine on gingival squamous cell carcinoma invasion, RAGE expression, and the elaboration of pro‐inflammatory molecules. Methods and Materials Gingival and tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells were exposed to Red Hot or Green Apple flavored electronic cigarette flavoring with or without nicotine. Immunofluorescence determined RAGE expression. Real‐time cellular invasion was assessed using a RTCA DP instrument. Culture medium was assayed for cytokine secretion. Results Compared to controls we observed: increased cell invasion in gingival cells with Red Hot electronic cigarette flavoring and decreased cell invasion with Green Apple; decreased cell invasion in tongue cells treated with Red Hot electronic cigarette flavoring and no differences in invasion with Green Apple; flavor and nicotine dependent increases in RAGE expression; and differential expression of IL‐1α, IL‐8, and MMP‐13. Conclusion We conclude that electronic cigarette flavoring and nicotine orchestrate differential regulation of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell invasion and inflammatory effects. This study provides an important initial step in dissecting RAGE‐mediated mechanisms of cancerous invasion and molecular avenues employed by OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kary Y F Tsai
- Lung and Placenta Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Kelsey M Hirschi Budge
- Lung and Placenta Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Anthony P Lepre
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, Utah, USA
| | - Michael S Rhees
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, Utah, USA
| | - Janet Ajdaharian
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, Utah, USA
| | - Jordy Geiler
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, Utah, USA
| | - Daniel G Epperson
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, Utah, USA
| | - Kolten J Astle
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, Utah, USA
| | - Duane R Winden
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, Utah, USA
| | - Juan A Arroyo
- Lung and Placenta Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Paul R Reynolds
- Lung and Placenta Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
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Cigarette Smoke Extract Exposure: Effects on the Interactions between Titanium Surface and Osteoblasts. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:8759568. [PMID: 31143776 PMCID: PMC6501272 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8759568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the changes in the characteristics of titanium surface and the osteoblast-titanium interactions under cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure. In this study, CSE was used to simulate the oral liquid environment around the implant under cigarette smoke exposure. Titanium samples were immersed in CSE to explore the changes in the characteristics of titanium surface. The physical properties of titanium surface were measured, including surface micromorphology, surface elemental composition, roughness, and surface hydrophilicity. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured on the titanium surface in vitro under different concentrations of CSE exposure, and cell adhesion, cell proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation were observed. The surface micromorphology and elemental composition of titanium surface changed under CSE exposure. No obvious changes were found in the surface roughness and the hydrophilicity of titanium samples. Moreover, the results of in vitro study showed that CSE exposure downregulated the cell spreading, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells on the titanium surface. It could be speculated that some carbon-containing compounds from CSE adsorbed on the titanium surface and the osteoblast-titanium interactions were influenced under CSE exposure. It is hoped that these results could provide valuable information for further studies on smoking-mediated inhibition of implants osseointegration.
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Băbţan AM, Ilea A, Boşca BA, Crişan M, Petrescu NB, Collino M, Sainz RM, Gerlach JQ, Câmpian RS. Advanced glycation end products as biomarkers in systemic diseases: premises and perspectives of salivary advanced glycation end products. Biomark Med 2019; 13:479-495. [DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2018-0448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are glycated proteins associated with high dry temperature food processing, coloring and flavor modification of food products. Previous studies on diet-related disease support the role of the glycation products as biomarkers in local and general proinflammatory response. Exogenous and endogenous AGEs are involved in chronic low-level inflammation, which underlies the onset of metabolic syndrome influenced by food intake, there by demonstrating their implication in diet-related pathologies. Although studies have revealed a strong association between the accumulation of AGEs and the occurrence/worsening of metabolic diseases, their routine use for the diagnosis or monitoring of local and general disease has not yet been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anida M Băbţan
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Oral Health & Dental Office Management, Faculty of Dentistry, ‘Iuliu Haţieganu’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Victor Babe? Street, no 15, 400012, Romania
| | - Aranka Ilea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Oral Health & Dental Office Management, Faculty of Dentistry, ‘Iuliu Haţieganu’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Victor Babe? Street, no 15, 400012, Romania
| | - Bianca A Boşca
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Iuliu Haţieganu’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Louis Pasteur Street, no 4, Cluj-Napoca, 400349, Romania
| | - Maria Crişan
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Iuliu Haţieganu’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Louis Pasteur Street, no 4, Cluj-Napoca, 400349, Romania
| | - Nausica B Petrescu
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Oral Health & Dental Office Management, Faculty of Dentistry, ‘Iuliu Haţieganu’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Victor Babe? Street, no 15, 400012, Romania
| | - Massimo Collino
- Department of Drug Science & Technology, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 33, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Rosa M Sainz
- Department of Morphology & Cell Biology, University of Oviedo, Campus del Cristo. C/Julián Clavería 6. 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jared Q Gerlach
- Glycoscience Group, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 CF50 Galway, Ireland
| | - Radu S Câmpian
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Oral Health & Dental Office Management, Faculty of Dentistry, ‘Iuliu Haţieganu’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Victor Babe? Street, no 15, 400012, Romania
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