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Rizou SV, Evangelou K, Myrianthopoulos V, Mourouzis I, Havaki S, Athanasiou A, Vasileiou PVS, Margetis A, Kotsinas A, Kastrinakis NG, Sfikakis P, Townsend P, Mikros E, Pantos C, Gorgoulis VG. A Novel Quantitative Method for the Detection of Lipofuscin, the Main By-Product of Cellular Senescence, in Fluids. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1896:119-138. [PMID: 30474845 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8931-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipofuscin accumulation is a hallmark of senescence. This nondegradable material aggregates in the cytoplasm of stressed or damaged cells due to metabolic imbalance associated with aging and age-related diseases. Indications of a soluble state of lipofuscin have also been provided, rendering the perspective of monitoring such processes via lipofuscin quantification in liquids intriguing. Therefore, the development of an accurate and reliable method is of paramount importance. Currently available assays are characterized by inherent pitfalls which demote their credibility. We herein describe a simple, highly specific and sensitive protocol for measuring lipofuscin levels in any type of liquid. The current method represents an evolution of a previously described assay, developed for in vitro and in vivo senescent cell recognition that exploits a newly synthesized Sudan Black-B analog (GL13). Analysis of human clinical samples with the modified protocol provided strong evidence of its usefulness for the exposure and surveillance of age-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia V Rizou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Evangelou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vassilios Myrianthopoulos
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- PharmaInformatics Unit, Athena Research Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Iordanis Mourouzis
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sophia Havaki
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Panagiotis V S Vasileiou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aggelos Margetis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanassios Kotsinas
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos G Kastrinakis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Sfikakis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine and Rheumatology Unit, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Paul Townsend
- Faculty Institute for Cancer Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Emmanuel Mikros
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- PharmaInformatics Unit, Athena Research Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Constantinos Pantos
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis G Gorgoulis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
- Faculty Institute for Cancer Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
- Center for New Biotechnologies and Precision Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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