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Orban M, Kuehl A, Dischl D, Müller C, Ulrich S, Petzold T, Rizas KD, Orban M, Braun D, Hausleiter J, Hagl C, Mehilli J, Massberg S. Fibrotic plaques in heart transplanted patients and their association with insulin resistance syndrome and Lp(a). Int J Cardiol 2022; 363:218-224. [PMID: 35772579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiographic evidence of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAVangio) is a major limiting factor to survival after heart transplantation (HTx). Prevention of CAVangio is therefore most relevant. Whether modifiable risk factors could be targeted for the prevention of fibrotic plaques, that are common and related to CAVangio, is not clear. METHODS AND RESULTS In a cohort of 74 consecutive HTx patients (median post-transplant interval 9.2 [4.1-15.5] years), we used the high resolution of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to quantify angulation parameters (maximal and mean arc) and plaque load (mean arc*relative plaque length) of fibrotic plaques. Mean arc was defined as the mean value of all angulation measurements per patient. We assessed the association between cardiovascular risk factors and OCT findings. Linear regression analysis showed a significant association of TG/HDL-c with mean fibrotic arc (12.7 [3.9-21.5], p = 0.006) and fibrotic plaque load (2298 [617-3979], p = 0.009) after adjustment for recipient age and sex. We used the median value of fibrotic plaque load to define high fibrotic plaque load. In binary logistic regression analysis, TG/HDL-c (odds ratio [OR] 1.81 with 95% CI [1.09-3.03], p = 0.02) and Lp(a) (OR 1.02 [1.00-1.05], p = 0.02) were associated with high fibrotic plaque load. Multivariable logistic regression analysis confirmed Lp(a) as significant predictor of high fibrotic plaque load (OR 1.03 [1.01-1.05], p = 0.02). CONCLUSION TG/HDL-c ratio, a surrogate of insulin resistance syndrome, and Lp(a) were significantly associated with fibrotic plaque in HTx patients. Insulin resistance syndrome and Lp(a) might therefore represent additional targets for CAV prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Orban
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Anne Kuehl
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Dominic Dischl
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Müller
- Department of Heart Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Ulrich
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Petzold
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantinos D Rizas
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Orban
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Braun
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Jörg Hausleiter
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Hagl
- Department of Heart Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julinda Mehilli
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Massberg
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Berlin, Germany
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