Unruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm involving all three sinuses

Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm: An Atypical Etiology of Recurrent Syncope

The sinus of Valsalva presents the initial segment of the aorta from where the coronary vessels arise. Sinus of Valsalva aneurysms (SOVAs) present as progressive dilatation of the aortic sinus. SOVA arises both from the congenital and acquired weakness of the elastic lamina of the aortic media. Though most of the SOVAs are asymptomatic and diagnosed on screening for other pathologies, patients can present with symptoms of arrhythmia, aortic insufficiency, aorto-cardiac fistulas, and, in a few cases, with rupture. We describe a patient who presented with recurrent syncope and was found to have a 6 cm dilated SOVA with an ectatic ascending aorta. Further assessment revealed a left anterior fascicular block, aortic regurgitation, and mitral regurgitation. On further assessment, no other cause of syncope was found. There was no family history of aneurysm or sudden cardiac death. The patient was eventually discharged with outpatient follow-up with cardiothoracic surgery. In patients presenting with asymptomatic SOVA, a dilatation with a maximum diameter of 6.0 cm requires stringent monitoring and should be considered for surgery.

Two giant sinus of Valsalva pseudoaneurysms as a casual finding

BACKGROUND

Pseudoaneurysms of the sinus of Valsalva are infrequent cardiac pathologies that usually involve a single sinus.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

We present a case of a 63-year-old male who was diagnosed with ascending aortic aneurysm during a routine echocardiogram.

CONCLUSION

We report here a patient with giant pseudoaneurysms of two sinuses of Valsalva who successfully underwent a sinus of Valsalva reconstruction.

Surgical management for unruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysms: a narrative review of the literature

Unruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysms (SVAs) are rare cardiac lesions that arise due to congenital or acquired etiologies. They could be asymptomatic or cause various clinical manifestations as a consequence of their mass effect on the coronary arteries, heart valves, and other adjacent structures. While the factors predicting SVA rupture are not fully understood, ruptured SVAs carry a high complication and mortality rate, highlighting the need for early recognition and management of unruptured SVAs. Imaging modalities such as echocardiography, computed tomography (CT), angiography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are essential in identifying and characterizing the aneurysm as well as associated cardiac anomalies. However, there are no specific guidelines for the diagnosis and management of SVAs. Herein, we performed a contemporary systematic review to examine the presentation, diagnostic tests and findings, as well as outcomes for surgical intervention of unruptured SVAs. We demonstrate that surgical repair remains the preferred method of treatment in order to prevent complications such as rupture or thrombus formation. Surgery should be prompted in patients with symptomatic, large, or rapidly expanding unruptured SVAs, as well as those unruptured SVAs that contain intraluminal thrombi, have a mass effect on surrounding structures, or are recurrent. Surgical outcomes are generally good with favourable prognosis and minimal recurrence.

Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysms: Basic Concepts and Imaging Evaluation Using Multidetector Computed Tomography

Sinuses of Valsalva aneurysms are rare cardiac anomalies with a varied clinical spectrum. The presentation may range from silent asymptomatic cases detected incidentally to catastrophic rupture. They are associated with potentially fatal complications; however, the prognosis after treatment is excellent, which mandates prompt and accurate diagnosis. Imaging is of paramount importance in diagnosis, treatment planning, and postsurgical follow-up. Echocardiography remains the initial investigation of choice; however, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography are being increasingly utilized as complementary imaging techniques. The latest generation multidetector computed tomography with its improved spatial and temporal resolution provides high-quality reconstructed images with reduced radiation burden. Moreover, it allows the simultaneous assessment of coronary arteries, thereby helping in mapping the ideal treatment option. Surgical repair remains the treatment of choice with percutaneous closure in selected patients.

Unruptured Multiple Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysms

Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) is a rare cardiac condition occurring in about 0.09% of the general population, with potential for grave complications. Unruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysms of all three sinuses in the same patient are even more rare. There are congenital, inherited, or acquired causes. Noninvasive cross-sectional imaging modalities, consisting of color Doppler echocardiography, cardiac computed tomographic angiography (CCTA), and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), make the diagnosis. Treatment is mainly by open surgical reconstruction. However, transcatheter techniques are gaining popularity with noninferior outcomes in selected cases. We report the diagnosis and successful management of a patient with an unusual presentation of multiple unruptured SVAs of all three sinuses, and we conducted a review of the English medical literature.

Imaging unruptured giant aneurysm of right sinus of Valsalva by 320-row dynamic volume computed tomography (CT): a case report

Multi-detector computed tomography with ECG-synchronized data acquisition allows detailed analysis of cardiac anatomy of the heart with excellent spatial resolution. Sinus of Valsalva aneurysms occurs rarely in the western world, but the incidence in Asian populations is higher (Goldberg and Krasnow in Clin Cardiol 13:831-836, 1990). We present the case of a patient with an unruptured giant aneurysm of right sinus of Valsalva.

Multiple recurrent sinus of valsalva aneurysms

We report a case of multiple unruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysms in an adult patient over nine years.