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Schweiger M, Hussein H, de By TMMH, Zimpfer D, Sliwka J, Davies B, Miera O, Meyns B. Use of Intracorporeal Durable LVAD Support in Children Using HVAD or HeartMate 3-A EUROMACS Analysis. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:351. [PMID: 37623364 PMCID: PMC10455245 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10080351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The withdrawal of HVAD in 2021 created a concern for the pediatric population. The alternative implantable centrifugal blood pump HeartMate 3 has since been used more frequently in children. This paper analyses the outcome of children on LVAD support provided with an HVAD or HM3. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the EUROMACS database on children supported with VAD < 19 years of age from 1 January 2009 to 1 December 2021 was conducted. All patients with an LVAD and either an HVAD or HM3 were included. Patients with missing data on VAD status and/or missing baseline and/or follow up information were excluded. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to evaluate survival differences. Analyses were performed using Fisher's exact test. Results: The study included 150 implantations in 142 patients with 128 implants using an HVAD compared to 28 implants using an HM3. Nine patients (6%) needed temporary right ventricular mechanical support, which was significantly higher in the HM3 group, with 25% (p: 0.01). Patients in the HVAD group were significantly younger (12.7 vs. 14.5 years, p: 0.01), weighed less (45.7 vs. 60 kg, p: <0.000) and had lower BSA values (1.3 vs. 1.6 m2, p: <0.000). Median support time was 204 days. Overall, 98 patients (69%) were discharged and sent home, while 87% were discharged in group HM3 (p: ns). A total of 123 children (86%) survived to transplantation, recovery or are ongoing, without differences between groups. In the HVAD group, 10 patients (8%) died while on support, whereas in 12% of HM3 patients died (p: 0.7). Conclusions: Survival in children implanted with an HM3 was excellent. Almost 90% were discharged and sent home on the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Schweiger
- Department of Congenital Cardiovascular Surgery, Pediatric Heart Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hina Hussein
- Quality and Outcomes Research Unit, University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK;
| | | | - Daniel Zimpfer
- Department for Heart Surgery, Medical University Graz, Graz A-8010, Austria
| | - Joanna Sliwka
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Transplantology and Vascular Surgery, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Ben Davies
- Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne 3052, Australia;
| | - Oliver Miera
- Department of Congenital Heart Diseases—Pediatric Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Bart Meyns
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
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2
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Kamsheh AM, O'Connor MJ, Rossano JW. Management of circulatory failure after Fontan surgery. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1020984. [PMID: 36425396 PMCID: PMC9679629 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1020984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
With improvement in survival after Fontan surgery resulting in an increasing number of older survivors, there are more patients with a Fontan circulation experiencing circulatory failure each year. Fontan circulatory failure may have a number of underlying etiologies. Once Fontan failure manifests, prognosis is poor, with patient freedom from death or transplant at 10 years of only about 40%. Medical treatments used include traditional heart failure medications such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers and beta-blockers, diuretics for symptomatic management, antiarrhythmics for rhythm control, and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors to decrease PVR and improve preload. These oral medical therapies are typically not very effective and have little data demonstrating benefit; if there are no surgical or catheter-based interventions to improve the Fontan circulation, patients with severe symptoms often require inotropic medications or mechanical circulatory support. Mechanical circulatory support benefits patients with ventricular dysfunction but may not be as useful in patients with other forms of Fontan failure. Transplant remains the definitive treatment for circulatory failure after Fontan, but patients with a Fontan circulation face many challenges both before and after transplant. There remains significant room and urgent need for improvement in the management and outcomes of patients with circulatory failure after Fontan surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M Kamsheh
- Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, United States
| | - Matthew J O'Connor
- Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, United States
| | - Joseph W Rossano
- Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, United States
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3
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A Novel Method to Safely De-Air a HeartWare System in a Single-Ventricle Patient by Utilizing ECMO and a Minimized CPB Circuit. THE JOURNAL OF EXTRA-CORPOREAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 53:193-198. [PMID: 34658411 DOI: 10.1182/ject-2100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The survival of congenital heart disease (CHD) patients with single-ventricle (SV) physiology has markedly increased as a result of advances in operative techniques and postsurgical management. Nonetheless, these patients remain highly susceptible to end-stage heart failure requiring cardiac replacement therapies at early ages. Given a worldwide shortage of transplantable organs, mechanical circulatory support (MCS) represents an alternative treatment option. The significant heterogeneity of the SV population presents unique indications for MCS that have begun to be evaluated. This case study describes a 12-year-old female with heterotaxy syndrome and an SV condition, previously palliated with a Fontan operation at another institution. The patient was placed on veno-arterial (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) during prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and later underwent HeartWare ventricular assist device (HVAD) implantation as a bridge to transplantation (BTT). A novel method was chosen to optimize careful de-airing of the heart through a minimized cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) setup, during full ECMO support and surgical insertion of the HeartWare. The ascending aorta was vented proximal to the HVAD outflow graft anastomosis through a minimized CPB circuit at <10% of the ECMO flow rate. This circuit adaption allowed for euvolemic resuscitation via connection from the minimized CPB circuit to the venous limb of the ECMO circuit. The transition from VA-ECMO to the HeartWare was well tolerated despite a challenging sternotomy and cardiac anomaly. A minimized bypass circuit proved efficacious for the benefit of volume resuscitation and safe de-airing of the HVAD while on ECMO support. The literature is limited concerning safe practices for implantation of durable VADs in complex SV patients coupled with those transitioning from varying modalities of MCS. As SV survivability regresses to heart failure, it is essential that we share techniques that aim to improve the long-term outcomes for successful BTT or bridge to decision (BTD).
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4
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Complications in children with ventricular assist devices: systematic review and meta-analyses. Heart Fail Rev 2021; 27:903-913. [PMID: 33661404 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10093-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is a significant cause of mortality in children with cardiovascular diseases. Treatment of heart failure depends on patients' symptoms, age, and severity of their condition, with heart transplantation required when other treatments are unsuccessful. However, due to lack of fitting donor organs, many patients are left untreated, or their transplant is delayed. In these patients, ventricular assist devices (VADs) are used to bridge to heart transplant. However, VAD support presents various complications in patients. The aim of this study was to compile, review, and analyse the studies reporting risk factors and aetiologies of complications of VAD support in children. Random effect risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to analyse relative risk of thrombosis (RR = 3.53 [1.04, 12.06] I2 = 0% P = 0.04), neurological problems (RR = 0.95 [0.29, 3.15] I2 = 53% P = 0.93), infection (RR = 0.31 [0.05, 2.03] I2 = 86% P = 0.22), bleeding (RR = 2.57 [0.76, 8.66] I2 = 0% P = 0.13), and mortality (RR = 2.20 [1.36, 3.55] I2 = 0% P = 0.001) under pulsatile-flow and continuous-flow VAD support, relative risk of mortality (RR = 0.45 [0.15, 1.37] I2 = 36% P = 0.16) under left VAD and biVAD support, relative risk of thrombosis (RR = 1.72 [0.46, 6.44] I2 = 0% P = 0.42), infection (RR = 1.77 [0.10, 32.24] I2 = 46% P = 0.70) and mortality (RR = 0.92 [0.14, 6.28] I2 = 45% P = 0.93) in children with body surface area < 1.2 m2 and > 1.2 m2 under VAD support, relative risk of mortality in children supported with VAD and diagnosed with cardiomyopathy and congenital heart diseases (RR = 1.31 [0.10, 16.61] I2 = 73% P = 0.84), and cardiomyopathy and myocarditis (RR = 0.91 [0.13, 6.24] I2 = 58% P = 0.92). Meta-analyses results show that further research is necessary to reduce complications under VAD support.
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5
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Haranal M, Luo S, Honjo O. Mechanical Circulatory Support for Patients With Adult Congenital Heart Disease. Circ J 2020; 84:533-541. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-19-0821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maruti Haranal
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Labatt Family Heart Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children
| | - Shuhua Luo
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Labatt Family Heart Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children
| | - Osami Honjo
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Labatt Family Heart Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children
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6
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Mohanty SR, Patel A, Kundan S, Radhakrishnan HB, Rao SG. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome: current modalities of treatment and outcomes. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 37:26-35. [PMID: 33584025 DOI: 10.1007/s12055-019-00919-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is a constellation of malformations which result from the severe underdevelopment of any left-sided cardiac structures. Once considered to be universally fatal, the prognosis for this condition has tremendously improved over the past four decades since the work of William Norwood in the early 1980s. Today, a staged surgical approach is applied for palliating this distinctive cohort of patients, in which they undergo three operative procedures in the first 10 years of their life. Advancements in medical technologies, surgical techniques, and our growing experience in the management of HLHS have made survival into adulthood a possibility. Through this review, we present the different phases of the staged approach with primary focus on stage 1-its modifications, current technique, alternatives, and latest outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smruti Ranjan Mohanty
- Department of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Four Bungalows, Andheri (West), Mumbai, 400053 India
| | | | - Simran Kundan
- Department of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Four Bungalows, Andheri (West), Mumbai, 400053 India
| | - Hari Bipin Radhakrishnan
- Department of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Four Bungalows, Andheri (West), Mumbai, 400053 India
| | - Suresh Gururaja Rao
- Department of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Four Bungalows, Andheri (West), Mumbai, 400053 India
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7
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Villa CR, Alsaied T, Morales DLS. Ventricular Assist Device Therapy and Fontan: A Story of Supply and Demand. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu 2020; 23:62-68. [PMID: 32354549 DOI: 10.1053/j.pcsu.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The last 10 years have seen an increase in the number of Fontan patients with heart failure. There has been a coincident rapid evolution in the field of pediatric and congenital heart disease ventricular assist device therapy. Herein, we describe the existing body of literature regarding the use of ventricular assist device therapy in the Fontan circulation as well as the current approach to clinical decision-making and device implantation within the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chet R Villa
- The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Tarek Alsaied
- The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - David L S Morales
- The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
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8
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Ferrari MR, Di Maria MV, Jacot JG. Review on Mechanical Support and Cell-Based Therapies for the Prevention and Recovery of the Failed Fontan-Kreutzer Circulation. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:627660. [PMID: 33575233 PMCID: PMC7870783 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.627660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Though the current staged surgical strategy for palliation of single ventricle heart disease, culminating in a Fontan circulation, has increased short-term survival, mounting evidence has shown that the single ventricle, especially a morphologic right ventricle (RV), is inadequate for long-term circulatory support. In addition to high rates of ventricular failure, high central venous pressures (CVP) lead to liver fibrosis or cirrhosis, lymphatic dysfunction, kidney failure, and other comorbidities. In this review, we discuss the complications seen with Fontan physiology, including causes of ventricular and multi-organ failure. We then evaluate the clinical use, results, and limitations of long-term mechanical assist devices intended to reduce RV work and high CVP, as well as biological therapies for failed Fontan circulations. Finally, we discuss experimental tissue engineering solutions designed to prevent Fontan circulation failure and evaluate knowledge gaps and needed technology development to realize a more robust single ventricle therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret R Ferrari
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Michael V Di Maria
- Division of Cardiology, Heart Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Jeffrey G Jacot
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
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9
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Zentner D, Celermajer DS, Gentles T, d’Udekem Y, Ayer J, Blue GM, Bridgman C, Burchill L, Cheung M, Cordina R, Culnane E, Davis A, du Plessis K, Eagleson K, Finucane K, Frank B, Greenway S, Grigg L, Hardikar W, Hornung T, Hynson J, Iyengar AJ, James P, Justo R, Kalman J, Kasparian N, Le B, Marshall K, Mathew J, McGiffin D, McGuire M, Monagle P, Moore B, Neilsen J, O’Connor B, O’Donnell C, Pflaumer A, Rice K, Sholler G, Skinner JR, Sood S, Ward J, Weintraub R, Wilson T, Wilson W, Winlaw D, Wood A. Management of People With a Fontan Circulation: a Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand Position statement. Heart Lung Circ 2020; 29:5-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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Tunuguntla H, Conway J, Villa C, Rapoport A, Jeewa A. Destination-Therapy Ventricular Assist Device in Children: "The Future Is Now". Can J Cardiol 2019; 36:216-222. [PMID: 31924452 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2019.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Durable ventricular assist devices (VADs) have significantly improved survival to transplantation among children with advanced stages of heart failure. The fundamental goals of VAD therapy include decreasing mortality, minimizing adverse events, and improving quality of life. As the pediatric VAD experience has evolved with reduced device related complications and improved survival, VAD therapy is being considered not only as a bridge to transplantation (BTT) but also as a bridge to decision (BTD) and as destination therapy (DT). Data regarding pediatric DT VAD are limited to anecdotal or case reports of children being supported for long periods with VADs and by default being classified as DT VAD. This article reviews current trends in the use of DT VAD and adverse events in children vs adults on VAD, and provides a framework for patient selection with the use of a multidisciplinary approach including palliative care. The general approach to determining DT VAD candidacy should include: 1) a reasonable success that the patient will survive the peri- and postoperative state; and 2) a high likelihood that the patient will be able to be discharged out of hospital and have adequate caregiver support. Patients with muscular dystrophy and failing Fontan physiology are examples of pediatric populations for whom DT VAD may be considered and which require unique considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Tunuguntla
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer Conway
- Department of Paediatrics, Stollery Children's Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Chet Villa
- Pediatric Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Adam Rapoport
- Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aamir Jeewa
- Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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11
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Advanced Heart Failure Therapies for Adults With Congenital Heart Disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 74:2295-2312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Hirschhorn M, Throckmorton A. Pediatric mechanical circulatory support—leveraging design innovation for the younger generation. J Card Surg 2019; 35:8-10. [DOI: 10.1111/jocs.14266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Hirschhorn
- From the BioCirc Research Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems Drexel University Philadelphia
| | - Amy Throckmorton
- From the BioCirc Research Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems Drexel University Philadelphia
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13
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Outcomes of children supported with an intracorporeal continuous-flow left ventricular assist system. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019; 38:385-393. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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14
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Trusty PM, Tree M, Vincent D, Naber JP, Maher K, Yoganathan AP, Deshpande SR. In Vitro Examination of the VentriFlo True Pulse Pump for Failing Fontan Support. Artif Organs 2018; 43:181-188. [DOI: 10.1111/aor.13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Phillip M. Trusty
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Atlanta GA USA
| | - Mike Tree
- The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA
| | | | | | - Kevin Maher
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Cardiology Division Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA USA
| | | | - Shriprasad R. Deshpande
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Cardiology Division Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA USA
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15
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Griselli M, Sinha R, Jang S, Perri G, Adachi I. Mechanical Circulatory Support for Single Ventricle Failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:115. [PMID: 30211172 PMCID: PMC6122112 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) for failing single ventricle (SV) physiology is a complex and challenging problem, which has not yet been satisfactorily addressed. Advancements in surgical strategies and techniques along with intensive care management have substantially improved the outcomes of neonatal palliation for SV physiology, particularly for hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). This is associated with a steady increase in the number of SV patients who are susceptible to develop heart failure (HF) and would potentially require MCS at a certain stage in their palliation. We have reviewed the literature regarding the reported modalities of MCS use in the management of SV patients. This includes analysis of various devices and strategies used for failing circulation at distinct stages of the SV pathway: after neonatal palliation, after the superior cavo-pulmonary connection (SCPC), and after total cavo-pulmonary connection (TCPC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Griselli
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Raina Sinha
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Subin Jang
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Gianluigi Perri
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Iki Adachi
- Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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16
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Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, Berlin, and ventricular assist devices: a primer for the cardiologist. Curr Opin Cardiol 2018; 33:87-94. [PMID: 29059075 DOI: 10.1097/hco.0000000000000479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) has become an indispensable tool in the management of children with impending respiratory and cardiac failure. Though extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was classically the only form of support available to pediatric patients, considerable advances have allowed ventricular assist devices (VADs) to become increasingly utilized in children. This review provides an update of recent advances in ECMO and VAD management in children. RECENT FINDINGS The options for mechanical support in infants and small children with end-stage heart failure are limited. As such, the greatest advances in the past decade have come in the successful adoption of the Berlin Heart EXCOR device, with a marked improvement in survival to transplant over ECMO. Further advances have been made in the use of adult VADs in children. For instance, the HeartWare HVAD has been utilized in children as young as 3 years of age, despite being designed for use in adult patients. SUMMARY The availability of mechanical support options for children remains limited to ECMO and a small number of VADs. While outcomes of VAD support in pediatric patients have been promising, further study in smaller and more complex pediatric patients is necessary.
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Broda CR, Taylor DA, Adachi I. Progress in experimental and clinical subpulmonary assistance for Fontan circulation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 156:1949-1956. [PMID: 29884497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.04.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Broda
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex.
| | - Doris A Taylor
- Regenerative Medicine Research, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Tex
| | - Iki Adachi
- Department of Congenital Heart Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex
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18
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An Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) analysis of hospitalization, functional status, and mortality after mechanical circulatory support in adults with congenital heart disease. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018; 37:619-630. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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19
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Miller JR, Lancaster TS, Callahan C, Abarbanell AM, Eghtesady P. An overview of mechanical circulatory support in single-ventricle patients. Transl Pediatr 2018; 7:151-161. [PMID: 29770296 PMCID: PMC5938256 DOI: 10.21037/tp.2018.03.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The population of people with a single-ventricle is continually increasing due to improvements across the spectrum of medical care. Unfortunately, a proportion of these patients will develop heart failure. Often, for these patients, mechanical circulatory support (MCS) represents the only available treatment option. While single-ventricle patients currently represent a small proportion of the total number of patients who receive MCS, as the single-ventricle patient population increases, this number will increase as well. Outcomes for these complex single-ventricle patients who require MCS has begun to be evaluated. When considering the entire population, survival to hospital discharge is 30-50%, though this must be considered with the significant heterogeneity of the single-ventricle patient population. Patients with a single-ventricle have unique anatomy, mechanisms of failure, indications for MCS and the type of support utilized. This has made the interpretation and the generalizability of the limited available data difficult. It is likely that some subsets will have a significantly worse prognosis and others a better one. Unfortunately, with these limited data, indications of a favorable or poor outcome have not yet been elucidated. Though currently, a database has been constructed to address this issue. While the outcomes for these complex patients is unclear, at least in some situations, they are poor. However, significant advances may provide improvements going forward, including new devices, computer simulations and 3D printed models. The most important factor, however, will be the increased experience gained by the heart failure team to improve patient selection, timing, device and configuration selection and operative approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob R Miller
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Barnes-Jewish Hospital/Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Timothy S Lancaster
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Barnes-Jewish Hospital/Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Connor Callahan
- Department of Surgery, Barnes-Jewish Hospital/Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Aaron M Abarbanell
- Section of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Louis Children's Hospital/Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pirooz Eghtesady
- Section of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Louis Children's Hospital/Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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In Vitro Examination of the HeartWare CircuLite Ventricular Assist Device in the Fontan Connection. ASAIO J 2018; 63:482-489. [PMID: 28118264 DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000000521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The failing Fontan physiology may benefit from ventricular assist device (VAD) mechanical circulatory support, although a subpulmonary VAD placed at the Fontan connection has never successfully supported the Fontan circulation long term. The HeartWare CircuLite continuous flow VAD was examined for Fontan circulatory support in an in vitro mock circulation. The VAD was tested in three different scenarios: VAD in parallel, baffle restricted VAD in parallel, and VAD in series. Successful support was defined as simultaneous decrease in inferior vena cava (IVC) pressure of 5 mm Hg or more and an increase in cardiac output (CO) to 4.25 L/min or greater. The VAD in parallel scenario resulted in a CO decrease to 3.46 L/min and 2.22 mm Hg decrease in IVC pressure. The baffle restricted VAD in parallel scenario resulted in a CO increase to 3.9 L/min increase in CO and 20.5 mm Hg decrease in IVC pressure (at 90% restriction). The VAD in series scenario resulted in a CO of 1.75 L/min and 5.9 mm Hg decrease in IVC pressure. We successfully modeled chronic failing Fontan physiology using patient-specific hemodynamic and anatomic data. Although unsuccessful in supporting Fontan patients as defined here, the HeartWare CircuLite VAD demonstrates the possibility to reduce Fontan pressure and increase CO with a VAD in the Fontan connection. This study provides insight into pump performance and design issues when attempting to support Fontan circulation. Refinements in VAD design with specific parameters to help support this patient population is the subject of our future work.
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21
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Peer SM, Deatrick KB, Johnson TJ, Haft JW, Pagani FD, Ohye RG, Bove EL, Rojas-Peña A, Si MS. Mechanical Circulatory Support for the Failing Fontan: Conversion to Assisted Single Ventricle Circulation—Preliminary Observations. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2018; 9:31-37. [DOI: 10.1177/2150135117733968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) of a failing Fontan circulation remains challenging. We hypothesized that MCS can be provided by converting the Fontan circulation into a mechanically assisted single ventricle parallel circulation (MASVC). Methods: A porcine model of functionally univentricular circulation was created under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) by performing an atrial septectomy, tricuspid valvectomy, and interrupting antegrade pulmonary blood flow. A centrifugal flow pump was placed with inflow from the common atrium. Eight millimeter Dacron grafts anastomosed to the ascending aorta and main pulmonary artery supplied systemic (Qs) and pulmonary (Qp) blood flow. Ultrasonic flow probes were used to measure Qs and Qp after weaning from CPB. The Qp/Qs ratio was regulated using an adjustable clamp. Hemodynamic and laboratory data were recorded. Results: All four animals were successfully weaned from CPB onto the MASVC for a duration of two hours. Mechanically assisted single ventricle parallel circulation achieved satisfactory hemodynamics. As anticipated, the arterial oxygen saturation and partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood were lower in the MASVC compared to baseline biventricular circulation. At the conclusion of the study, there was a trend towards a decrease in the mixed venous saturation with increasing oxygen extraction compared to the baseline. Serum lactate levels increased after weaning from CPB and did not return to baseline after two hours of support. Conclusion: Mechanically assisted single ventricle parallel circulation can be established in a single ventricle animal model. This strategy could potentially provide MCS of a single ventricle circulation. Studies with longer duration of support are required to assess adequacy of support and long-term sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed M. Peer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kristopher B. Deatrick
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thomas J. Johnson
- Department of Surgery-Section of Transplantation, ECMO Laboratory, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jonathan W. Haft
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Francis D. Pagani
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Richard G. Ohye
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Edward L. Bove
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alvaro Rojas-Peña
- Department of Surgery-Section of Transplantation, ECMO Laboratory, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ming-Sing Si
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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22
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Sutcliffe DL, Jaquiss RD. Adaptations in pediatric VAD support: Fitting the square peg in the round hole. PROGRESS IN PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ppedcard.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Carlo WF, Villa CR, Lal AK, Morales DL. Ventricular assist device use in single ventricle congenital heart disease. Pediatr Transplant 2017; 21. [PMID: 28921937 DOI: 10.1111/petr.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As VAD have become an effective therapy for end-stage heart failure, their application in congenital heart disease has increased. Single ventricle congenital heart disease introduces unique physiologic challenges for VAD use. However, with regard to the mixed clinical results presented within this review, we suggest that patient selection, timing of implant, and center experience are all important contributors to outcome. This review focuses on the published experience of VAD use in single ventricle patients and details physiologic challenges and novel approaches in this growing pediatric and adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waldemar F Carlo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Chet R Villa
- The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ashwin K Lal
- Primary Children's Hospital, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - David L Morales
- The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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24
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Woods RK, Ghanayem NS, Mitchell ME, Kindel S, Niebler RA. Mechanical Circulatory Support of the Fontan Patient. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu 2017; 20:20-27. [PMID: 28007060 DOI: 10.1053/j.pcsu.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Because of the inadequacies inherent to a circulation supported by a single ventricle, many Fontan patients will experience failure of their circulation. To date, there is no medical regimen that reliably and consistently restores circulatory function in these patients. Because of the shortage of donor organs and the fact that many of these patients present with features that either preclude or render heart transplantation a high risk, there is an intense need to better understand how mechanical circulatory support (MCS) may benefit these patients. In this report, we share our experience of successful MCS and transplantation of three patients. Our experience and that of others is very encouraging, but also preliminary. In general, a systemic ventricular assist device, with or without a Fontan fenestration, is a reasonable consideration for a patient presenting with predominantly systolic dysfunction. A pulmonary/systemic venous assist device may be sufficient for the patient with preserved systolic function and failure of the systemic venous/lymphatic system; however, this remains speculative. The more comprehensive approach of a total artificial heart or bilateral support is attractive in theory, but beset by the need for a more complex operation. In all scenarios, early referral, before organ failure, is paramount to successful MCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald K Woods
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI; Herma Heart Center, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.
| | - Nancy S Ghanayem
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Michael E Mitchell
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI; Herma Heart Center, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Steven Kindel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI; Herma Heart Center, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Robert A Niebler
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI; Herma Heart Center, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
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25
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Burki S, Adachi I. Pediatric ventricular assist devices: current challenges and future prospects. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2017; 13:177-185. [PMID: 28546755 PMCID: PMC5437969 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s82379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of mechanical circulatory support has made great strides in the preceding 2 decades. Although pediatric mechanical circulatory support has lagged behind that of adults, the gap between them is expected to close soon. The only device currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for use in children is the Berlin Heart EXCOR ventricular assist device (VAD). The prospective Berlin Heart Investigational Device Exemption Trial demonstrated good outcomes, such as bridge to transplantation or recovery, in ~90% of children supported with this device. However, a high incidence of hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications was also noted. As a result, pediatric centers have just started implanting adult intracorporeal continuous-flow devices in children. This paradigm shift has opened a new era in pediatric mechanical circulatory support. Whereas children on VAD were previously managed exclusively in hospital, therapeutic options such as outpatient management and even destination therapy have been becoming a reality. With continued miniaturization and technological refinements, devices currently in development will broaden the range of options available to children. The HeartMate 3 and HeartWare MVAD are two such compact VADs, which are anticipated to have great potential for pediatric use. Additionally, a pediatric-specific continuous-flow VAD, the newly redesigned Jarvik Infant 2015, is currently undergoing preclinical testing and is expected to undergo a randomized clinical trial in the near future. This review aims to discuss the challenges posed by the use of intracorporeal adult continuous-flow devices in children, as well as to provide our perspective on the future prospects of the field of pediatric VADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Burki
- Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital.,Department of Surgery and Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Iki Adachi
- Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital.,Department of Surgery and Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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26
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Imielski BR, Niebler RA, Kindel SJ, Woods RK. HeartWare Ventricular Assist Device Implantation in Patients With Fontan Physiology. Artif Organs 2017; 41:40-46. [PMID: 28093805 DOI: 10.1111/aor.12852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We aim to describe the clinical course of a series of patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and refractory systolic heart failure supported with a HeartWare ventricular assist device (HVAD) following Fontan palliation. This is a retrospective review of three consecutive patients supported with a HVAD following Fontan palliation through February 2016. Data include patient characteristics, operative variables, postimplantation hemodynamic/device parameters, event outcomes, and duration of HVAD support. Patient ages were 11.7, 13.5, and 17.5 years, respectively, at the time of HVAD implant. The duration of HVAD support was 148, 272, and 271 days, respectively, of which 86, 222, and 211 were outpatient days. Inflow cannula position was the morphologic right ventricle with depth adjustment and manipulation of the tricuspid subvalvar apparatus to ensure good inflow. Echocardiographic, hemodynamic, and noninvasive oximetric monitoring resulted in high RPM settings for all patients. Despite various complications, all patients were successfully transplanted and discharged home alive. We present three patients bridged to transplantation using the HVAD following Fontan palliation. We demonstrate potential for durable support with transition to outpatient care while awaiting heart transplantation in a subset of patients status post Fontan surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartlomiej R Imielski
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Robert A Niebler
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Steven J Kindel
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Cardiology 3, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Ronald K Woods
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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27
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Morray BH, Dimas VV, Lim S, Balzer DT, Parekh DR, Van Mieghem NM, Ewert P, Kim DW, Justino H, McElhinney DB, Jones TK. Circulatory support using the impella device in fontan patients with systemic ventricular dysfunction: A multicenter experience. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2017; 90:118-123. [DOI: 10.1002/ccd.26885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian H. Morray
- Division of Cardiology; Seattle Children's Hospital; Seattle Washington
| | - Vivian V. Dimas
- Division of Cardiology; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas Texas
| | - Scott Lim
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology; University of Virginia; Charlottesville Virginia
| | - David T. Balzer
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology; Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis Missouri
| | - Dhaval R. Parekh
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Lillie Frank Abercrombie Section of Cardiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine; Houston Texas
| | - Nicolas M. Van Mieghem
- Department of Cardiology; Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Peter Ewert
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease; Deutsches Herzzentrum München; München Germany
| | - Dennis W. Kim
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University; Atlanta Georgia
| | - Henri Justino
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Lillie Frank Abercrombie Section of Cardiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine; Houston Texas
| | - Doff B. McElhinney
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Lucille Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford; Palo Alto California
| | - Thomas K. Jones
- Division of Cardiology; Seattle Children's Hospital; Seattle Washington
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28
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Mongé MC, Kulat BT, Eltayeb O, Zingle NR, Moss ST, Gossett JG, Pahl E, Costello JM, Backer CL. Successful Bridge-to-Transplant of Functionally Univentricular Patients With a Modified Continuous-Flow Ventricular Assist Device. Artif Organs 2017; 41:25-31. [DOI: 10.1111/aor.12881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Mongé
- Divisions of Cardiovascular-Thoracic Surgery; Chicago IL, USA
- Departments of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; Chicago IL, USA
| | | | - Osama Eltayeb
- Divisions of Cardiovascular-Thoracic Surgery; Chicago IL, USA
- Departments of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; Chicago IL, USA
| | - Neale R. Zingle
- Divisions of Cardiovascular-Thoracic Surgery; Chicago IL, USA
| | - Steven T. Moss
- Divisions of Cardiovascular-Thoracic Surgery; Chicago IL, USA
| | - Jeffrey G. Gossett
- Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago; Chicago IL, USA
- Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; Chicago IL, USA
| | - Elfriede Pahl
- Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago; Chicago IL, USA
- Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; Chicago IL, USA
| | - John M. Costello
- Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago; Chicago IL, USA
- Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; Chicago IL, USA
| | - Carl L. Backer
- Divisions of Cardiovascular-Thoracic Surgery; Chicago IL, USA
- Departments of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; Chicago IL, USA
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29
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Adachi I, Burki S, Fraser CD. Current Status of Pediatric Ventricular Assist Device Support. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu 2017; 20:2-8. [PMID: 28007059 DOI: 10.1053/j.pcsu.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The last decade has witnessed significant advancement in the field of ventricular assist device (VAD) support. Although device options for pediatric patients were previously severely limited because of body size constraints, this frustrating situation has gradually been changing, owing to ongoing device miniaturization. Recognition of the superiority of VAD support compared with conventional extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support has spurred enthusiasm for VAD support in children. In this article, we discuss the current status of pediatric VAD support; where do we stand now and where will we be heading? Because this field is rapidly changing, it is anticipated that this article will provide a general overview of what is currently occurring in the field of pediatric VAD support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iki Adachi
- Congenital Heart Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital; and Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery and Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
| | - Sarah Burki
- Congenital Heart Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Charles D Fraser
- Chief, Congenital Heart Surgery, Donovan Chair, Texas Children's Hospital; and Susan V. Clayton Chair, Professor of Surgery and Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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30
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Chopski SG, Moskowitz WB, Stevens RM, Throckmorton AL. Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices for Pediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease. Artif Organs 2016; 41:E1-E14. [DOI: 10.1111/aor.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven G. Chopski
- BioCirc Research Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems; Drexel University; Philadelphia PA
| | - William B. Moskowitz
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Richmond and School of Medicine; Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond VA
| | - Randy M. Stevens
- St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Tenet Healthcare Corporation; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - Amy L. Throckmorton
- BioCirc Research Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems; Drexel University; Philadelphia PA
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31
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Javed W, Chaggar PS, Venkateswaran R, Shaw SM. Prolonged asystole in a patient with an isolated left ventricular assist device. Future Cardiol 2016; 12:533-8. [DOI: 10.2217/fca-2016-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are well established in the management of end-stage heart failure as either destination therapy, a bridge prior to cardiac transplantation or during myocardial recovery. Despite LVADs requiring adequate left ventricular preload to effectively augment systemic circulation, there have been rare cases of patients with LVADs surviving sustained, normally fatal arrhythmias, such as ventricular fibrillation and asystole. Whilst current reports describe an LVAD patient surviving 15 days with such an arrhythmia, we describe the case of a patient with an LVAD surviving 104 days of asystole via a Fontan mechanism of circulation, which we believe is the longest known survival of a sustained fatal arrhythmia. This case highlights the physiology of circulations supported by LVADs and the unique challenges that may arise in managing ambulant LVAD patients, such as predicting prognosis. Given the increasing use of LVADs to treat end-stage heart failure, these issues are likely to become more frequently encountered in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Javed
- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
| | | | | | - Steven M Shaw
- The Transplant Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK
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32
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Lin SN, Huang SC, Chen YS, Chih NH, Wang CH, Chou NK, Yu HY, Wu IH, Shun CT, Wang SS. Case Series: Heart Transplantation After Fontan Operation-Single-Center Experience. Transplant Proc 2016; 48:959-64. [PMID: 27234779 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2016.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fontan failure (FF) occurs rarely. In patients with Fontan failure, heart transplantation is believed to be the most effective therapy. We review our experience in heart transplantations after the Fontan operation. METHODS From July 1987 to December 2014, 4 of 513 patients underwent orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT). Among them, 4 were due to FF. We reviewed these 4 cases via retrospective chart review. Clinical history, laboratory data, surgical technique, perioperative variables, and outcomes of long-term follow-up are presented herein. The primary outcomes were hospital mortality, 1-year-survival rate, and 4-year-survival rate. The secondary outcome is the improvement in patients with protein-losing enteropathy. RESULTS The hospital mortality rate was 0% in the 4 FF patients receiving OHT. No surgically related hemorrhage or infection was observed. The 1-year-survival rate was 100% (n = 4) and the 4-year-survival rate 50% (n = 2). One patient died of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder. Hypoalbuminemia improved in 1 of 3 patients 4 months after OHT. CONCLUSIONS Despite technical challenges, heart transplantation can be performed successfully in patients with Fontan operation. However, protein-losing enteropathy might not be resolved quickly after heart transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-N Lin
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S-C Huang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-S Chen
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - N-H Chih
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-H Wang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - N-K Chou
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H-Y Yu
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-H Wu
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-T Shun
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S-S Wang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, and Fu Jen Catholic University College of Medicine, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Shimizu S, Kawada T, Une D, Fukumitsu M, Turner MJ, Kamiya A, Shishido T, Sugimachi M. Partial cavopulmonary assist from the inferior vena cava to the pulmonary artery improves hemodynamics in failing Fontan circulation: a theoretical analysis. J Physiol Sci 2016; 66:249-55. [PMID: 26546008 PMCID: PMC10717700 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-015-0422-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cavopulmonary assist (CPA) for failing Fontan patients remains a challenging issue in the clinical setting. To evaluate the effectiveness of a partial CPA from the inferior vena cava (IVC) to the pulmonary artery (PA), we performed a theoretical analysis using a computational model of the Fontan circulation. Cardiac chambers and vascular systems were described as the time-varying elastance model and the modified three-element Windkessel model, respectively. A rotational pump described as a non-linear function was inserted between the IVC and the PA. When pulmonary vascular resistance index varied from 2.1 to 5.9 Wood units m(2), the partial CPA maintained cardiac index as efficiently as total CPA and markedly reduced the IVC pressure compared with total CPA. However, the partial CPA increased the superior vena cava pressure substantially. The modification from total to partial CPA is potentially an effective alternative in failing Fontan patients suffering from high IVC pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan.
| | - Toru Kawada
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Dai Une
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Masafumi Fukumitsu
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Michael James Turner
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Atsunori Kamiya
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Shishido
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Masaru Sugimachi
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
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34
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Abstract
Early survival after the Fontan operation has improved significantly leading to a lifetime of Fontan circulation for patients. There is a natural progression of pulmonary artery pressure during the human lifetime that is easily tolerated in two-ventricle physiology but is deleterious for single-ventricle physiology. Obstructions in the venous to pulmonary artery pathway and pulmonary venous return or ventricular outflow, atrioventricular valve dysfunction (regurgitation), pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, venous thrombosis, and the development of atrial arrhythmias can lead to reduced functional status. These complications have been demonstrated in older patients with largely atriopulmonary connections owing to time accrual and unfavorable flow characteristics. Various surgical and catheter interventions aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality have been attempted to treat these identifiable abnormalities. The purpose of this article is to review the extant literature on Fontan Conversion and to assess the lessons learned over 20 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantine Mavroudis
- Johns Hopkins Children’s Heart Surgery, Florida Hospital for Children, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Barbara J. Deal
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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36
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Abstract
The domain of pediatric ventricular assist device (VAD) has recently gained considerable attention. Despite the fact that, historically, the practice of pediatric mechanical circulatory support (MCS) has lagged behind that of adult patients, this gap between the two groups is narrowing. Currently, the Berlin EXCOR VAD is the only pediatric-specific durable VAD approved by the U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The prospective Berlin Heart trial demonstrated a successful outcome, either bridge to transplantation (BTT), or in rare instances, bridge to recovery, in approximately 90% of children. Also noted during the trial was, however, a high incidence of adverse events such as embolic stroke, bleeding and infection. This has incentivized some pediatric centers to utilize adult implantable continuous-flow devices, for instance the HeartMate II and HeartWare HVAD, in children. As a result of this paradigm shift, the outlook of pediatric VAD support has dramatically changed: Treatment options previously unavailable to children, including outpatient management and even destination therapy, have now been becoming a reality. The sustained demand for continued device miniaturization and technological refinements is anticipated to extend the range of options available to children-HeartMate 3 and HeartWare MVAD are two examples of next generation VADs with potential pediatric application, both of which are presently undergoing clinical trials. A pediatric-specific continuous-flow device is also on the horizon: the redesigned Infant Jarvik VAD (Jarvik 2015) is undergoing pre-clinical testing, with a randomized clinical trial anticipated to follow thereafter. The era of pediatric VADs has begun. In this article, we discuss several important aspects of contemporary VAD therapy, with a particular focus on challenges unique to the pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iki Adachi
- 1 Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA ; 2 Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sarah Burki
- 1 Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA ; 2 Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Farhan Zafar
- 1 Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA ; 2 Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - David Luis Simon Morales
- 1 Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA ; 2 Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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37
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Jaquiss RDB, Aziz H. Is Four Stage Management the Future of Univentricular Hearts? Destination Therapy in the Young. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu 2016; 19:50-54. [PMID: 27060043 DOI: 10.1053/j.pcsu.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
For the child born with a functionally univentricular heart, multi-stage surgical palliation culminating in the Fontan operation is now well established as the standard of care. Though this is an effective approach, there are several inherent disadvantages to the Fontan circulation: subnormal resting cardiac output, impaired exercise capacity, increased risk of thromboembolism, and increased risk of arrhythmia. Perhaps most importantly, the long-term deleterious effects of substantial systemic venous hypertension, which is necessary to "drive" blood through the pulmonary vascular bed, include progressive dysfunction of other organ systems, particularly renal, lymphatic, gastrointestinal, and hepatic systems. When such dysfunction is advanced, heart transplantation or even heart-liver transplantation may be a reasonable option. However, because the syndrome seems to be increasingly widespread and there is already a significant donor shortage, alternative solutions are required. Because many patients with "failing Fontan" physiology have preserved systemic ventricular function, application of a systemic ventricular assist device is unlikely to be effective. However, for such patients, a right-sided sub-pulmonary ventricular assist device is an intellectually appealing solution. Several such devices have been proposed or are in varying stages of evaluation. The lack of economic incentive for development of right-sided pumps may be partially ameliorated both by recognition of the size of the cohort of Fontan patients now surviving into adulthood as well as by the increasing recognition of important right-sided heart failure in adults with biventricular hearts supported only with durable left-sided ventricular assist devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D B Jaquiss
- Duke Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.
| | - Hamza Aziz
- Duke Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
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38
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Gandolfo F, Brancaccio G, Donatiello S, Filippelli S, Perri G, Iannace E, D'Amario D, Testa G, D'Avenio G, Grigioni M, Amodeo A. Mechanically Assisted Total Cavopulmonary Connection With an Axial Flow Pump: Computational and In Vivo Study. Artif Organs 2015; 40:43-9. [DOI: 10.1111/aor.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Gandolfo
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery; Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - Gianluca Brancaccio
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery; Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - Salvatore Donatiello
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery; Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS; Rome Italy
- Department of Technology and Health; Italian National Institute of Health; Rome Italy
| | - Sergio Filippelli
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery; Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - Gianluigi Perri
- Department of Cardiology; Policlinico A. Gemelli; Rome Italy
| | - Enrico Iannace
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery; Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Testa
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery; Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - Giuseppe D'Avenio
- Department of Technology and Health; Italian National Institute of Health; Rome Italy
| | - Mauro Grigioni
- Department of Technology and Health; Italian National Institute of Health; Rome Italy
| | - Antonio Amodeo
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery; Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS; Rome Italy
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39
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Ferro G, Murthy R, Williams D, Sebastian VA, Forbess JM, Guleserian KJ. Early Outcomes With HeartWare HVAD as Bridge to Transplant in Children: A Single Institution Experience. Artif Organs 2015; 40:85-9. [DOI: 10.1111/aor.12637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Ferro
- Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery; Children's Medical Center; Dallas TX USA
| | - Raghav Murthy
- Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery; Children's Medical Center; Dallas TX USA
| | - Derek Williams
- Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery; Children's Medical Center; Dallas TX USA
| | - Vinod A. Sebastian
- Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery; Children's Medical Center; Dallas TX USA
| | - Joseph M. Forbess
- Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery; Children's Medical Center; Dallas TX USA
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40
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Sandica E, Blanz U, Mime LB, Schultz-Kaizler U, Kececioglu D, Haas N, Kirchner G, zu Knyphausen E, Lauenroth V, Morshuis M. Long-Term Mechanical Circulatory Support in Pediatric Patients. Artif Organs 2015; 40:225-32. [PMID: 26411865 DOI: 10.1111/aor.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This retrospective study reviews our results regarding the long-term support in pediatric patients using two ventricular assist systems between January 2008 and April 2014. We implanted the Berlin Heart EXCOR in 29 patients (median age 3.4 years [interquartile range (IQR) 0.2-16.5], median weight 13 kg [IQR 4.2-67.2]). Twenty-two patients (75.8%) received a left ventricular assist device. Three patients (10.3%) had single-ventricle physiology. One patient (3.4%) had mechanical mitral valve prosthesis. The HeartWare System was implanted in nine patients. The median age was 15.6 years (IQR 12.2-17.9), and the median weight was 54.9 kg (IQR 27.7-66). In the Berlin Heart group, the median support time was 65 days (IQR 4-619), with 3647 days of cardiac support. Nineteen patients (65.5%) were transplanted, six patients (20.7%) recovered, one patient (3.4%) is on support, and three patients (10.3%) died on support. Survival rate was 89.7%. Fourteen blood pumps had been exchanged. Four patients (13.8%) had local signs of infection, and three patients (10.3%) had neurological complications. In the HeartWare group, the median support time was 180 days (IQR 1-1124), with 2839 days of cardiac support. Four patients (44.4%) had local signs of infection, and three (33.3%) had neurological complications. Eight patients (88.9%) have been transplanted, and one patient (11.1%) died on support. Survival rate was 88.9%. Excellent survival is possible after long-term mechanical circulatory support in patients with two- and single-ventricle physiology with a low rate of adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugen Sandica
- Department of Surgery for Congenital Heart Defects, Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Ute Blanz
- Department of Surgery for Congenital Heart Defects, Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Lotfi Ben Mime
- Department of Surgery for Congenital Heart Defects, Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Ursula Schultz-Kaizler
- Department of Surgery for Congenital Heart Defects, Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Deniz Kececioglu
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Defects, Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Haas
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Defects, Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Guenther Kirchner
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Defects, Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Edzard zu Knyphausen
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Defects, Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Volker Lauenroth
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiac Surgery, Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Michiel Morshuis
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiac Surgery, Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
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41
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Lorts A, Villa C, Morales DLS. Children Are Not Small Adults: Options for Pediatric Ventricular Assist Devices. CURRENT PEDIATRICS REPORTS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40124-015-0085-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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42
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Kenleigh D, Edens RE, Bates MJ, Turek JW. Use of HeartWare Ventricular Assist System for Systemic Ventricular Support of a Pediatric Patient After Mustard Procedure. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2015; 6:339-41. [DOI: 10.1177/2150135114563769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: The HeartWare Ventricular Assist System is indicated to provide mechanical circulatory support of patients with intractable heart failure as a bridge to cardiac transplantation. We describe the use of this device to support the systemic right ventricle (RV) of a pediatric patient with New York Heart Association class IIIC congestive heart failure who had undergone Mustard procedure for D-transposition of the great vessels as an infant. Case report: A HeartWare ventricular assist device was implanted in the left chest of a 16-year-old female patient (body surface area 1.43 m2) who presented with edema and later deteriorated, developing acute kidney injury, dysrhythmia, and pulmonary edema. Results: The patient’s edema and acute kidney injury resolved after device placement. She was discharged home and successfully underwent device removal with heart transplant five months later. Conclusion: The HeartWare device may be used for extended support as a systemic RV in a pediatric patient. It is feasible to consider using the device in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Kenleigh
- University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - R. Erik Edens
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Children’s Hospital, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Michael J. Bates
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Joseph W. Turek
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, University of Iowa Children’s Hospital, Iowa City, IA, USA
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43
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Kafagy DH, Dwyer TW, McKenna KL, Mulles JP, Chopski SG, Moskowitz WB, Throckmorton AL. Design of Axial Blood Pumps for Patients With Dysfunctional Fontan Physiology: Computational Studies and Performance Testing. Artif Organs 2015; 39:34-42. [DOI: 10.1111/aor.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dhyaa H. Kafagy
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering; School of Engineering; Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond VA USA
| | - Thomas W. Dwyer
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering; School of Engineering; Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond VA USA
| | - Kelli L. McKenna
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering; School of Engineering; Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond VA USA
| | - Jean P. Mulles
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering; School of Engineering; Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond VA USA
| | - Steven G. Chopski
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering; School of Engineering; Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond VA USA
| | - William B. Moskowitz
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology; Children's Hospital of Richmond and School of Medicine; Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond VA USA
| | - Amy L. Throckmorton
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering; School of Engineering; Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond VA USA
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44
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Horne D, Conway J, Rebeyka IM, Buchholz H. Mechanical circulatory support in univentricular hearts: current management. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu 2015; 18:17-24. [PMID: 25939838 DOI: 10.1053/j.pcsu.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Failing single-ventricle patients have now come into focus as the next cohort where improvement in outcomes for mechanical circulatory support can be realized. There is a paucity of published patient reports or management protocols in this patient population. Increased interest exists in finding answers of how to bridge these patients to transplant. We review the current literature and describe our approach to the patient with univentricular heart needing mechanical circulatory support.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Horne
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Alberta, Stollery Children׳s Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Jennifer Conway
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Alberta, Stollery Children׳s Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ivan M Rebeyka
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Alberta, Stollery Children׳s Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Holger Buchholz
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Alberta, Stollery Children׳s Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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