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Mousavizadeh M, Bashir M, Jubouri M, Tan SZ, Borzeshi EZ, Ilkhani S, Banar S, Nakhaei P, Rezaei Y, Idhrees M, Hosseini S. Zone proximalization in frozen elephant trunk: what is the optimal zone for open intervention? A systematic review and meta-analysis. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2022; 63:265-274. [PMID: 35238527 DOI: 10.23736/s0021-9509.22.12292-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The treatment of complex aortic lesions involving the ascending, arch, and proximal descending aorta, remains challenging for surgeons despite the evolution of surgical techniques and aortic prostheses over decades. The frozen elephant trunk (FET) approach offers a one-stage repair of this entity of aortic pathologies. The main scope of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the clinical outcomes and effectiveness of FET. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION In a systematic review, multiple electronic databases including EMBASE, Scopus, and PubMed/MEDLINE were searched from inception to June 2021 to identify relevant studies reporting on outcomes of total arch replacement (TAR) with FET. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Eighty-five studies met inclusion criteria, encompassing 10960 patients. Meta-analysis was conducted using the R-studio (RStudio, Boston, MA, USA) and STATA software (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX, USA). The pooled in-hospital mortality rate was 7% (95% CI 0.05-0.09; I2=76%) and 12% for renal failure (95% CI 0.09-0.15; I2=88%), while the rates for paraplegia and cerebrovascular accidents were 3% (95% CI 0.02-0.04; I2=0%) and 6% (95% CI 0.05-0.08; I2=73%), respectively. Lower heterogeneity was attained after the stratification by the aortic pathologies, except for the renal failure. The distal anastomosis of the stent in zone 2 was significantly correlated with a lower renal failure development compared to zone 3 (odds ratio 0.52; 95% CI 0.33-0.82; P=0.069; I2=0%). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the morbidities and mortality following TAR with FET were acceptable. We also associated the distal anastomosis in zone 2 with fewer renal failure development compared to that in zone 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Mousavizadeh
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamad Bashir
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran - .,Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Health Education, and Improvement Wales (HEIW), Velindre University NHS Trust, Cardiff, UK.,Institute of Cardiac and Aortic Disorders (ICAD), SRM Institutes for Medical Science (SIMS Hospital), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Matti Jubouri
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - Sven Z Tan
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Elahe Z Borzeshi
- School of Public Health and Safety, Department of Epidemiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Ilkhani
- Department of Surgery and Vascular Surgery, Shohada Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Banar
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooria Nakhaei
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Rezaei
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammed Idhrees
- Institute of Cardiac and Aortic Disorders (ICAD), SRM Institutes for Medical Science (SIMS Hospital), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saeid Hosseini
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kudo T, Kuratani T, Shirakawa Y, Shimamura K, Kin K, Sakamoto T, Shijo T, Watanabe Y, Masada K, Sakaniwa R, Sawa Y. Comparison of the Outcomes of Total Endovascular Aortic Arch Repair Between Branched Endograft and Chimney Endograft Technique in Zone 0 Landing. J Endovasc Ther 2021; 29:427-437. [PMID: 34802327 DOI: 10.1177/15266028211059912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Zone 0 landing in thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has recently gained increasing attention for the treatment of high-risk patients. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of total endovascular aortic arch repair between branched TEVAR (bTEVAR) and chimney TEVAR (cTEVAR) in the landing zone (LZ) 0. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a single-center, retrospective, and observational cohort study. From January 2010 to March 2020, 40 patients (bTEVAR, n=25; cTEVAR, n=15; median age: 79 years) were enrolled in this study, with a median follow-up period of 4.1 years. These patients were considered unsuitable for open surgical treatment. RESULTS All procedures were successful and no cases of conversion to open repair were noted during the 30-day postoperative period. The 30-day mortality was 2.5% (n=1; bTEVAR [0 of 25, 0%] vs cTEVAR [1 of 15, 6.7%]; p=0.375), the perioperative stroke rate was 10.0% (n=4; bTEVAR [4 of 25, 16.0%] vs cTEVAR [0 of 15, 0%], p=0.278), and type 1a endoleak rate was 15.0% (n=6; bTEVAR [0 of 25, 0%] vs cTEVAR [6 of 15, 40.0%], p=0.001). The risk factor for stroke was atheroma grade of ≥2 in the brachiocephalic artery (p<0.001). The risk factor for type 1a endoleak was cTEVAR (p=0.001). The 8-year survival rate was 49.9%. The aorta-related death-free rate and aortic event-free rate at 8 years were 94.4% (bTEVAR: 95.5% vs cTEVAR: 93.3%, p=0.504) and 60.7% (bTEVAR: 70.7% vs cTEVAR: 40.0%, p=0.048), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Total endovascular aortic arch repair using bTEVAR and cTEVAR is feasible for the treatment of aortic arch diseases in high-risk patients who are unsuitable for open surgery. However, as the rate of stroke is high, strict preoperative evaluation to prevent stroke is needed. No rupture of the aneurysm was observed in cTEVAR, but patients should be selected carefully because of the high incidence of type 1a endoleak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Kudo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Toru Kuratani
- Department of Minimally Invasive Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yukitoshi Shirakawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shimamura
- Department of Minimally Invasive Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Keiwa Kin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Sakamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shijo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Watanabe
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kenta Masada
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Ryoto Sakaniwa
- Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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Bashir M, Abo Aljadayel H, Mousavizadeh M, Daliri M, Rezaei Y, Tan SZ, Mohammed I, Hosseini S. Correlation of coagulopathy and frozen elephant trunk use in aortic arch surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Card Surg 2021; 36:4699-4714. [PMID: 34550616 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.16001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The advent of frozen elephant trunk (FET) for reconstruction of elective and nonelective aortic arch surgery has augmented the treatment of complex aortic pathologies in a single-stage operation. To date, no studies have been focused on the prevalence and predictors of coagulopathy potentiated by FET procedure. METHODS In a systematic review, we searched databases up to June 2020 to find studies reporting coagulopathy complications after FET procedure. A proportional meta-analysis was carried out using STATA software (StataCorp). RESULTS A total of 46 studies consisting of 6313 patients were eligible. The pooled estimation of reoperation for postoperative bleeding was 7% (95% confidence interval [CI:] 5-8; I2 = 84.73%; reported by 39 studies including 4796 patients). The mean volume of transfused packed blood cells and fresh frozen plasma was 1677 ml (95% CI: 1066.4-2287.6) and 1016.5 ml (95% CI: 450.7-1582.3). The subgroup by the stent type showed a decrease in the heterogeneity (I2 = 0.01%, I2 = 53.95%, I2 = 0.01%, and I2 = 54.41% for Thoraflex® Hybrid, E-vita®, Frozenix®, and Cronus®, respectively). The subgroup by the chronicity of operation resulted in less heterogeneity among patients undergoing elective compared with nonelective operation (I2 = 29.22% vs. I2 = 80.56% in nonelective). Meta-regression analysis showed that age and male gender significantly impacted on the reoperation for postoperative bleeding. CONCLUSIONS The FET procedure for arch replacement is associated with coagulopathy complications and the transfusion of blood products. Male, age, and selective choice of FET use were found to be the heterogeneity sources of reoperation for postoperative bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Bashir
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Institute of Cardiac and Aortic Disorders (ICAD), SRM Institutes for Medical Science (SIMS Hospital), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.,Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Velindre University NHS Trust, Health & Education Improvement Wales (HEIW), Wales, UK
| | - Hadi Abo Aljadayel
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Mousavizadeh
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Daliri
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Rezaei
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sven Zcp Tan
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Idhrees Mohammed
- Institute of Cardiac and Aortic Disorders (ICAD), SRM Institutes for Medical Science (SIMS Hospital), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saeid Hosseini
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zlatanovic P, Koncar I, Sladojevic M, Tomic I, Mutavdzic P, Trailovic R, Ducic S, Vujcic A, Davidovic L. Hybrid repair of aortic arch with zone zero endografting-Case series with review of the literature. J Card Surg 2021; 36:3805-3816. [PMID: 34268799 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.15811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We present single-institution results of types I and II hybrid procedures for aortic arch disease with 30-day and long-term results and review of the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective study of all patients that underwent zone 0 endografting and open bypass from ascending aorta to the arch vessels at our institution between January 2013 and 2020. The following data for the systematic review were extracted from eligible studies: 30-day/in-hospital mortality, stroke rate, spinal cord ischemia (SCI) rate, renal failure requiring dialysis, development of retrograde dissection, early (<30 days) types I and III endoleak, follow-up length, late (>30 days) endoleak, and late (>30 days) mortality. RESULTS Twelve patients underwent hybrid aortic arch treatment in our institution. The most common aortic arch pathology was degenerative aortic aneurysm. The rate of retrograde dissection and SCI was 8.33%. Regarding the literature data, a total of 768 patients undergoing types I and II hybrid aortic arch debranching procedure. The pooled rate of 30-day/in-hospital mortality was 10.96% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.21-14.06), SCI pooled rate was 2.91% (95% CI, 1.76%-4.33%), and retrograde dissection pooled rate was 3.22% (95% CI, 1.99-4.72). CONCLUSION Hybrid arch techniques provide safe alternative to open repair with acceptable short- and midterm results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar Zlatanovic
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Igor Koncar
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milos Sladojevic
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Tomic
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Perica Mutavdzic
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ranko Trailovic
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Stefan Ducic
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Vujcic
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lazar Davidovic
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Kudo T, Kuratani T, Shimamura K, Sakaniwa R, Sawa Y. Long-term results of hybrid aortic arch repair using landing zone 0: a single-centre study. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 59:1227-1235. [PMID: 33580240 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezab016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has been gradually extended to the aortic arch region, with improved results. However, the rates of strokes and endoleaks in a hybrid TEVAR remain high. The goal of this study was to clarify the effectiveness of a hybrid TEVAR with a zone 0 landing using our treatment strategy. METHODS From April 2008 to March 2020, a total of 102 patients were enrolled in this study, with a median follow-up period of 3.2 years. The procedures included total debranching TEVAR with graft replacement of the ascending aorta in 62 patients, total debranching TEVAR with ascending aorta banding in 19 patients and total debranching TEVAR without ascending aorta banding in 21 patients. RESULTS Thirty-day mortality and hospital deaths were 1.0% (n = 1) and 3.9% (n = 4), respectively. The rates of aortic complications and endoleaks during the first 30 days postoperatively were 8.8% (n = 9) and 4.9% (n = 5), respectively. There was no type 1a endoleak, whereas retrograde type A dissection occurred in 2 (2.0%) patients. The rate of late aortic events was 3.9% (n = 4); there were no late endoleaks or aneurysm ruptures. The 10-year survival rate was 73.7% [95% confidence interval (CI) 60.3-83.8%]. The 10-year rates of aorta-related deaths and aortic events when performing a competitive-risk analysis were 29.4% (95% CI 16.3-42.5%) and 7.2 (95% CI 23.0-51.4%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Satisfactory early and long-term results of a hybrid TEVAR with a zone 0 landing were achieved using our treatment strategy. When performing hybrid TEVAR in zone 0, postoperative aortic events may be reduced by accurate preoperative assessment of the ascending aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Kudo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toru Kuratani
- Department of Minimally Invasive Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shimamura
- Department of Minimally Invasive Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryoto Sakaniwa
- Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Rezaei Y, Bashir M, Mousavizadeh M, Daliri M, Aljadayel HA, Mohammed I, Hosseini S. Frozen elephant trunk in total arch replacement: A systematic review and meta-analysis of outcomes and aortic proximalization. J Card Surg 2021; 36:1922-1934. [PMID: 33665866 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.15452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY The frozen elephant trunk (FET) procedure became a popular entity for utilization in aortic arch aneurysm disease. However, its proper mortality and morbidities as well as the predictors of outcomes are poorly identified. This systematic review and meta-analysis explore FET outcomes and its predictors with a focus on zone aortic proximalization. METHODS We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus databases from their beginning to June 2020 to find studies reporting the outcomes of the FET procedure for the total arch replacement (TAR). RESULTS A total of 64 studies including 7967 patients were evaluated. The pooled estimates of cerebrovascular accidents, paraplegia, renal failure, and in-hospital mortality were 7.104 (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.691-8.661; I2 = 78.53%), 3.465 (95% CI, 2.852-4.136; I2 = 15.96), 14.969 (95% CI, 11.361-18.977; I2 = 91.26%), and 8.933 (95% CI, 7.128-10.919; I2 = 78.51%), respectively. Stratification by the geographical locations and by the aortic pathologies led to lower heterogeneity, but not for renal failure. The distal anastomosis in Zone 2 was associated with a lower rate of renal failure compared with Zone 3 (odds ratio, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.36-0.81; p = .003; I2 = 0%). CONCLUSIONS The FET procedure for TAR can be performed with acceptable mortality and morbidities among patients with complex aortic pathologies. Moreover, the distal anastomosis in Zone 2 was associated with lower renal failure compared to Zone 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Rezaei
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamad Bashir
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital, Blackburn, UK
| | - Mostafa Mousavizadeh
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Daliri
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Abo Aljadayel
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Idhrees Mohammed
- Institute of Cardiac and Aortic Disorders (ICAD), SRM Institutes for Medical Science (SIMS Hospital), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saeid Hosseini
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kudo T, Kuratani T, Shimamura K, Sawa Y. Early and midterm results of thoracic endovascular aortic repair using a branched endograft for aortic arch pathologies: A retrospective single-center study. JTCVS Tech 2020; 4:17-25. [PMID: 34317956 PMCID: PMC8307048 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjtc.2020.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zone 0 landing hybrid thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) includes a few moderately invasive surgical procedures. To reduce invasiveness, TEVAR with a branched aortic arch stent-graft can be considered. This study aimed to elucidate the effectiveness of performing TEVAR using a Bolton (Bolton Medical, Inc, Sunrise, Fla) branched endograft by analyzing early and midterm results. Methods We enrolled 28 patients (mean age, 78.4 years) who underwent TEVAR with the Bolton branched endograft in Osaka University Hospital between October 2012 and June 2018 with a mean follow-up period of 4.0 years. Double-side and single-side branched devices were used in 24 (85.7%) and 4 (14.3%) patients, respectively. Results All procedures were successful; no cases of endoleak or conversion to open repair were noted during the 30-day postoperative period. The perioperative stroke rate was 14.3% (4 out of 28); midterm stroke was not detected. All patients with perioperative stroke had atheroma grade ≥2 in the brachiocephalic artery. No type 1a endoleak was reported during the early or midterm results. The cumulative survival rate, aorta-related death-free rate, and aortic event-free survival rate at 5 years were 80.8%, 95.8%, and 81.6%, respectively. Conclusions We achieved satisfactory early and midterm results by using a Bolton branched endograft for high-risk patients with arch pathologies except for high postoperative stroke. Although this treatment method is associated with postoperative stroke, performing strict evaluation of atheroma may prevent such complication. By preventing intraoperative stroke, TEVAR with this custom-made Bolton branched endograft may be considered a less-invasive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Kudo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toru Kuratani
- Department of Minimally Invasive Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shimamura
- Department of Minimally Invasive Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Gray SE, Scali ST, Feezor RJ, Beaver TM, Back MR, Upchurch GR, Huber TS, Fatima J. Safety and efficacy of a hybrid approach for repair of complicated aberrant subclavian arteries. J Vasc Surg 2020; 72:1873-1882. [PMID: 32665182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2020.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aberrant subclavian artery (ASA), a well-described aortic arch anomaly, is frequently associated with dysphagia and development of Kommerell diverticulum (KD) with aneurysmal degeneration. Historically, open repair has been performed, which can be associated with significant morbidity. More recently, hybrid approaches using different arch vessel revascularization techniques in combination with thoracic endovascular aortic repair (hybrid TEVAR) have been described, but there is a paucity of literature describing outcomes. The objective of this analysis was to describe our experience with management of complicated ASAs using hybrid TEVAR, further adding to the literature describing approaches to and outcomes of hybrid ASA repair. METHODS A retrospective, single-institution review was performed of all patients treated for ASA complications using hybrid TEVAR (2002-2018). The primary end point was technical success, defined as absence of type I or type III endoleak intraoperatively and within 30 days postoperatively. Secondary end points included complications, reintervention, and survival. Centerline measurement of KD diameters (maximum diameter = opposing aortic outer wall to diverticulum apex) was employed. Kaplan-Meier methodology was used to estimate secondary end points. RESULTS Eighteen patients (1.4% of 1240 total TEVAR procedures; male, 67%; age, 59 ± 13 years) were identified (left-sided arch and right ASA, 94% [n = 17]; right-sided arch and left ASA, n = 1 [6%]; retroesophageal location and associated KD, 100%); median preoperative KD diameter was 60 mm (interquartile range [IQR], 37-108 mm). Operative indications included diverticulum diameter (61%), dysphagia (17%), rupture (11%), rapid expansion (6%), and endoleak after TEVAR (6%). All procedures used some combination of supraclavicular revascularization and TEVAR (staged, 50% [n = 9]), whereas partial open arch reconstruction was used in 17% (n = 3). There were no perioperative deaths or spinal cord ischemic events. Major complications occurred in 22% (n = 4): nondisabling stroke, one; arm ischemia, one; upper extremity neuropathy, one; and iatrogenic descending thoracic aortic dissection, one. Technical success was 83%, but 44% (n = 8) had an endoleak (type I, n = 3; type II, n = 5 [intercostal, n = 2; aneurysmal subclavian artery origin, n = 3]) during follow-up (median, 4 months; IQR, 1-15 months). Two endoleaks resolved spontaneously, three were treated, and three were observed (1-year freedom from reintervention, 75% ± 10%). Median KD diameter decreased by 7 mm (IQR, 1-12 mm), and 78% (n = 14) experienced diameter reduction or stability in follow-up. The 1- and 3-year survival was 93% ± 6% and 84% ± 10%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Hybrid open brachiocephalic artery revascularization with TEVAR appears to be safe and reasonably effective in management of ASA complications as evidenced by a low perioperative complication risk and reasonable positive aortic remodeling. However, endoleak rates raise significant concerns about durability. Therefore, if this technique is employed, the mandatory need for surveillance and high rate of reintervention should be emphasized preoperatively. This analysis represents a relatively large series of a hybrid TEVAR technique to treat ASA complications, but greater patient numbers and longer follow-up are needed to further establish the role of this procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Gray
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla
| | - Salvatore T Scali
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla
| | - Robert J Feezor
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla
| | - Thomas M Beaver
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla
| | - Martin R Back
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla
| | - Gilbert R Upchurch
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla
| | - Thomas S Huber
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla
| | - Javairiah Fatima
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla.
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Preventza O, Liao JL, Olive JK, Simpson K, Critsinelis AC, Price MD, Galati M, Cornwell LD, Orozco-Sevilla V, Omer S, Jimenez E, LeMaire SA, Coselli JS. Neurologic complications after the frozen elephant trunk procedure: A meta-analysis of more than 3000 patients. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 160:20-33.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Tian DH, Ha H, Joshi Y, Yan TD. Long-term outcomes of the frozen elephant trunk procedure: a systematic review. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2020; 9:144-151. [PMID: 32551246 DOI: 10.21037/acs.2020.03.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background The frozen elephant trunk (FET) procedure remains an increasingly popular approach to address complex multi-segmental aortic pathologies, owing to their ability to promote false lumen thrombosis and reduce the need for second-stage operations. While the short-term outcomes of such procedures have been shown to be acceptable, much less is known regarding long-term outcomes. This systematic review evaluates long-term outcomes of the FET procedure. Methods Studies with at least 12 months follow-up data on FETs were identified in four electronic databases. All studies were reviewed by two independent researchers and relevant data extracted. Long-term outcomes, including overall survival, freedom from reintervention, and freedom from aortic events, were evaluated using patient data recreated from digitized Kaplan-Meier curves. Results Thirty-seven studies with 4,178 patients were identified. The majority of the studies focused solely on acute dissections. Average follow-up was 3.2 years. Overall survival at 1-, 3-, and 5-year was 89.6%, 85.2%, and 82.0%, respectively. Freedom from reintervention at the same timepoints were 93.9%, 89.3%, and 86.8%, respectively. Mortality, permanent neurological deficit and spinal cord injury were 10.2%, 7.7%, and 6.5%, respectively. Conclusions Survival after the FET procedure is favorable, though ongoing close serial monitoring is essential to assess for the need for further reintervention. Larger multi-institutional registries are required to provide more robust evidence to better elucidate the patient cohort that would most benefit from the FET.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Tian
- Collaborative Research (CORE) Group, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hakeem Ha
- Collaborative Research (CORE) Group, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yashutosh Joshi
- Collaborative Research (CORE) Group, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tristan D Yan
- Collaborative Research (CORE) Group, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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Shah VN, Orlov OI, Meisner RJ, Plestis KA. Hybrid Aortic Arch Repair Using a Ministernotomy. Vasc Endovascular Surg 2019; 54:162-164. [PMID: 31707948 DOI: 10.1177/1538574419887600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid thoracic endovascular aortic repair with surgical arch debranching is an accepted method for total arch reconstruction. Although off-pump arch debranching is increasingly used as a prophylactic adjunct to endovascular arch repair extending into landing zone 0, this technique is seldom performed with a ministernotomy due to a steep learning curve among surgeons. Herein, we report our standard technique for off-pump hybrid total aortic arch repair using a ministernotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal N Shah
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA, USA
| | - Oleg I Orlov
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA, USA
| | - Robert J Meisner
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA, USA
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12
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Neurologic Outcomes in Aortic Arch Repair With Frozen Elephant Trunk Versus 2-Stage Hybrid Repair. Ann Thorac Surg 2018; 107:1775-1781. [PMID: 30578777 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2018.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We compared outcomes of single-stage hybrid aortic arch replacement (frozen elephant trunk) versus 2-stage hybrid repairs with primary open arch procedures followed by thoracic endovascular stenting. METHODS This study reports a single-center retrospective review (2003 to 2016) of 118 patients undergoing hybrid repair of the aortic arch including 48 single-stage repairs versus 70 two-stage repairs. RESULTS Single-stage repair was performed in 48 patients, including 31 (64.6%) men and 17 (35.4%) women with a mean age of 64 ± 11 years and a 2-stage procedure was performed in 70 patients, including 42 (60%) men and 28 (40%) women with a mean age of 65.67 ± 13.3 years (p = 0.46). More emergent single-stage procedures were performed in 23 of 48 (47.9%) patients versus 2-stage procedures in 8 of 70 (11.43%) patients (p < 0.001). Between the single- and 2-stage groups, there was no difference in stroke (6.25% [3 of 48] versus 14.28% [10 of 70]; p = 0.23), spinal cord ischemia (4.16% [2 of 48] versus 5.7% [4 of 70]; p = 1.0), or 30-day mortality rate: 8 of 48 (16.7%) patients versus a combined 30-day mortality rate of the 2-stage procedure of 14.8% (4 of 70 [5.7%] at the first stage and 5 of 55 [9.1%] at the second stage; p = 0.56), respectively. After exclusion of the 30-day mortality, midterm survival was 86% at 1 to 2 years for single-stage patients versus 80% at 1 year and 46% at 2 years for the 2-stage patients (p = 0.0019). CONCLUSIONS Both single-stage and 2-stage hybrid arch replacements are effective approaches for treating complex aortic arch diseases. Early deaths and neurological outcomes in the single-stage group are comparable to those in the combined 2-stage group. Furthermore, in this series, patients who had a single-stage hybrid procedure had a higher survival rate at 2 years.
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13
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Preventza O, Tan CW, Orozco-Sevilla V, Euhus CJ, Coselli JS. Zone zero hybrid arch exclusion versus open total arch replacement. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2018; 7:372-379. [PMID: 30155416 DOI: 10.21037/acs.2018.04.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Open total aortic arch replacement is one of the most technically demanding operations in cardiothoracic surgery, requiring operator expertise and intraoperative and postoperative teamwork. Despite current advancements in the field of open aortic surgery with regard to intraoperative brain protection and postoperative care, the morbidity and mortality associated with open total arch operations varies. Endovascular and hybrid procedures involving the use of zone 0 as a landing zone allow fair comparison between open total arch and hybrid operations. Hybrid procedures involving all of the other landing zones [1-4] should not be compared with open total arch replacement, as the extent of the pathology is different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourania Preventza
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA.,Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Corinne W Tan
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Caleb J Euhus
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph S Coselli
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA.,Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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