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Zárate Rodriguez JG, Gan C, Williams GA, Drake TO, Ciesielski T, Sanford DE, Awad MM. Video Interviews and Surgical Applicants' Ability to Assess Fit to Residency Programs. J Surg Res 2023; 287:149-159. [PMID: 36933546 PMCID: PMC10019094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2023.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the recruitment cycle for the 2021 Match was performed virtually. This Association for Surgical Education (ASE)-sponsored survey set out to study applicants' ability to assess the factors contributing to fit through video interviews. METHODS An IRB-approved, online, anonymous survey was distributed to surgical applicants at a single academic institution and through the ASE clerkship director distribution list between the rank order list certification deadline and Match Day. Applicants used 5-point Likert-type scales to rate factors for importance to fit and their ease of assessment through video interviewing. A variety of recruitment activities were also rated by applicants for their perceived helpfulness in assessment of fit. RESULTS One hundred and eighty-three applicants responded to the survey. The three most important factors for applicant fit were how much the program cared, how satisfied residents seem with their program, and how well residents get along. Resident rapport, diversity of the patient population, and quality of the facilities were hardest to assess through video interviews. In general, diversity-related factors were more important to female and non-White applicants, but not more difficult to assess. Interview day and resident-only virtual panels were the most helpful recruitment activities, while virtual campus tours, faculty-only panels, and a program's social media were the least helpful. CONCLUSIONS This study provides valuable insight into the limitations of virtual recruitment for surgical applicants' perception of fit. These findings and the recommendations herein should be taken into consideration by residency program leadership to ensure successful recruitment of diverse residency classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge G Zárate Rodriguez
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri.
| | - Connie Gan
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri; Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Gregory A Williams
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Tia O Drake
- Graduate Medical Education, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Thomas Ciesielski
- Graduate Medical Education, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri; Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Dominic E Sanford
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Michael M Awad
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
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2
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Walk C, Gerardo R, Tuttle R, Parikh PP. Thriving in the Virtual Era: An Organized Approach to Improve Program Visibility and Virtual Residency Interview Process. JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION 2022; 79:1326-1333. [PMID: 35780014 PMCID: PMC9672802 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2022.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since residency interviews became virtual due to COVID-19, and likely continue in the future, programs must find ways to improve their non-traditional recruiting methods. The objective of this study was to evaluate effectiveness of a structured, non-traditional approach on visibility and perception of the program as well as virtual interview experience. METHODS The focus of our approach was to ensure constant engagement while maintaining all pre-interview communication as resident-led and informal. The program focused on improving visibility and outreach through an organized utilization of social media platforms highlighting people and local culture. The virtual interview process was restructured with resident-led virtual meet and greets followed by small group discussions and providing virtual hospital tours, videos, and slides of the program's culture and expectationson the interview day. Perception of the program and the new approach to the interview process was assessed via an anonymous survey. RESULTS The program's visibility was measured via social media analytics with an increase in reach on Facebook from 0/post to as high as 4200/post and engagement 2/post to nearly 600/post. Tweet Impressions from approximately 350/mo to 11,000/mo with the increase in new Followers/month by 532.5%. Increase in total number of applicants in 2021 of 16% compared to average between 2018 and 2020. Survey response rate was 66.1%; of those 53.8% of interviewees attended a virtual meet and greet session. Perceptions of interviewees on our program was exclusively positive. Specific characteristics of the program that would make students rank us higher were program's culture, people, academics, and clinical experiences they would get as residents. CONCLUSIONS The exponential increase in our program's visibility and exclusively positive program assessment suggest that a structured approach utilizing social media and virtual technologies could improve both the recruitment and the virtual interview process while maintaining positive perceptions of the program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey Walk
- Department of Surgery, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio
| | - Rodrigo Gerardo
- Department of Surgery, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio
| | - Rebecca Tuttle
- Department of Surgery, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio
| | - Priti P Parikh
- Department of Surgery, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Wallendorf M, Awad MM, White AJ. An Assessment of Pediatric Residency Applicant Perceptions of "Fit" During the Virtual Interview Era. Cureus 2022; 14:e31703. [PMID: 36561587 PMCID: PMC9767672 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Residency recruitment events and interviews are widely considered an integral component of the residency match experience. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, residency recruitment and interviewing throughout the 2020-2021 academic year were performed virtually, which created challenges for applicants' ability to discern "fit" to a program. Given this change, it is reasonable to suspect that applicants would be less able to discern program fit. Therefore, this study evaluated how virtual interviews impacted pediatric residency applicants' ability to assess factors contributing to fit and subsequently how applicants assessed their self-perceived fit to their top-ranked programs. METHODS An online, anonymous survey was distributed to all residency applicants who applied to any specialty at our large academic institution. The survey utilized a 5-point Likert-type scale to evaluate qualities of fit as well as the applicants' self-perceived ability to assess these qualities through a virtual platform. RESULTS 1,840 surveys were distributed, of which 473 residency applicants responded (25.7% response rate). Among these responses, 81 were pediatric applicants (27.6%). Factors deemed most important in determining fit included how well the residents get along with one another (98.8%), how much the program appeared to care about its trainees (97.5%), and how satisfied residents were with their program (97.5%). Qualities deemed most difficult for applicants to discern included the quality of facilities (18.6%), patient diversity (29.4%), and how well the residents got along with one another (30.2%). When compared to all other residency applicants, pediatric applicants placed more value on whether a program was family-friendly (p = 0.015), the quality of the facilities (p = 0.009), and the on-call system (p = 0.038). CONCLUSION This study highlights factors that influence pediatric applicants' perception of fit into a program. Unfortunately, many factors deemed most important for pediatric applicants were also among the most difficult to assess virtually. These include resident camaraderie, whether a program cares about its residents, and overall resident satisfaction. Taken together, these findings and the recommendations presented should be considered by all residency program leaders to ensure the successful recruitment of a pediatric residency class.
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Ho JW, Joung RH, Krueger M, Cid C, Holmstrom AL, Schlick CJR, Tatebe LC, Alam HB, Halverson AL, Christopher DA. Understanding General Surgery Applicant Expectations and Perceptions in the Virtual Interview Process. JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION 2022; 79:e61-e68. [PMID: 35953420 PMCID: PMC9359908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2022.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The COVID-19 pandemic has played a lasting role on residency recruitment through the virtual interview process. The objective of this study was to 1) examine general surgery applicants' priorities and perceptions following pre-interview virtual open houses and 2) to assess applicant expectations and efficacy of the virtual interview day process. DESIGN/SETTING/PARTICIPANTS This study utilized two voluntary and anonymous cross-sectional surveys administered via email to evaluate the virtual interview process of a general surgery residency program. The first was administered to registrants following completion of three open houses of various topics. The second was administered following each interview day. The post-open house survey had 78 respondents, two excluded for no open house attendance. The post-interview survey was completed by 44 applicants (62.9% response rate). RESULTS Majority of respondents reported that attending virtual open houses made them want to apply to (90.9%) and improved their perception of the program (94.7%). Applicants who felt a sense of obligation to attend open houses (68.4%) were significantly more likely to feel that they contributed to the stress and time commitment of applications (81.8% vs 18.2%, p=0.028). Interview expectations were identified in recurrent themes: 1. Clear organization with breaks, 2. Interactive resident sessions, 3. Meetings with program leadership, 4. Additional information unavailable on other resources. The pre-interview social and interview day improved 90.2% of the applicants' perceptions of the program. The interview significantly improved applicants' ability to assess nearly all aspects of the program, notably resident camaraderie and culture (30.8% vs 97.4%, p=0.01) and strengths and weaknesses (30.8% vs 92.3%, p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS While virtual open houses can improve applicants' perceptions and desire to apply to a program, the associated stress and obligation should be considered. Virtual interviews should provide information unavailable using other resources and provide avenues for conveying the resident culture and camaraderie.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie W Ho
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
| | - Rachel H Joung
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Christina Cid
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Amy L Holmstrom
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Leah C Tatebe
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hasan B Alam
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Amy L Halverson
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Derrick A Christopher
- Department of Surgery, Division of Organ Transplantation, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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Increased social media utilization and content creation by cardiothoracic surgery programs during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. JTCVS OPEN 2022; 12:315-328. [PMID: 36277138 PMCID: PMC9579049 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjon.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed the landscape of professional activities, emphasizing virtual meetings and social media (SoMe) presence. Whether cardiothoracic programs increased their SoMe presence is unknown. We examined SoMe use and content creation by cardiothoracic surgery programs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We searched the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education to identify all cardiothoracic surgery residency programs (n = 122), including independent (n = 74), integrated (n = 33), and congenital (n = 15) training programs at 78 US cardiothoracic surgery teaching institutions. We then manually searched Google, Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, and Twitter to identify the associated residency and departmental accounts. The timeline for our search was between 10/2021 and 4/2022. March 2020 was used as the starting point for the COVID-19 pandemic. We also contacted the account managers to identify account content creators. The data are descriptively reported and analyzed. Results Of 137 SoMe accounts from 78 US cardiothoracic surgery teaching institutions, 72 of 137 (52.6%) were on Twitter, 34 of 137 (24.8%) on Facebook, and 31 of 137 (22.6%) on Instagram. Most accounts were departmental accounts (105/137 = 76.6%) versus 32 of 137 (23.4%) training program accounts. Most training program-specific SoMe accounts across all platforms were created after the COVID-19 pandemic, whereas departmental accounts were pre-existing (P < .001). The most pronounced SoMe growth was on Instagram at the training program level, with 91.7% of Instagram accounts created after the pandemic. Trainees are the content creators for 94.4% of residency accounts and 33.3% of departmental accounts. Facebook's presence was stagnant. Congenital training programs did not have a specific SoMe presence. Conclusions SoMe presence by cardiothoracic surgery training programs and departments has increased during the pandemic. Twitter is the most common platform, with a recent increased trend on Instagram. Trainees largely create content. SoMe education and training pathways may be needed for involved trainees to maximize their benefits.
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Rabenstein AP. An Applicant's Perspective on Virtual Interviews-Do's and Don'ts. Ann Thorac Surg 2022; 114:356. [PMID: 34090861 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2021.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Rabenstein
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, 320 E North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15212.
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Nelson DB, Antonoff MB. Applicant's Perspective: Identifying a Program Through Virtual Interviewing. Ann Thorac Surg 2022; 114:356-357. [PMID: 34389309 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2021.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David B Nelson
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Mara B Antonoff
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030.
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Zárate Rodriguez JG, Gan CY, Williams GA, Drake TO, Ciesielski T, Sanford DE, Awad MM. Applicants' perception of fit to residency programmes in the video-interview era: A large multidisciplinary survey. MEDICAL EDUCATION 2022; 56:641-650. [PMID: 35014076 DOI: 10.1111/medu.14729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION 'Fit' refers to an applicants' perceived compatibility to a residency programme. A variety of structural, identity-related and relational factors contribute to self-assessments of fit. The 2021 residency recruitment cycle in the USA was performed virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Little is known about how video-interviewing may affect residency applicants' ability to gauge fit. METHODS A multidisciplinary, anonymous survey was distributed to applicants at a large academic institution between rank order list (ROL) certification deadline and Match Day 2021. Using Likert-type scales, applicants rated factors for importance to 'fit' and their ease of assessment through video-interviewing. Applicants also self-assigned fit scores to the top-ranked programme in their ROL using Likert-type scales with pairs of anchoring statements. RESULTS Four hundred seventy-three applicants responded to the survey (25.7% response rate). The three most important factors to applicants for assessment of fit (how much the programme seemed to care, how satisfied residents seem with their programme and how well the residents get along) were also the factors with the greatest discrepancy between importance and ease of assessment through video-interviewing. Diversity-related factors were more important to female applicants compared with males and to non-White applicants compared with White applicants. Furthermore, White male applicants self-assigned higher fit scores compared with other demographic groups. CONCLUSION There is a marked discrepancy between the most important factors to applicants for fit and their ability to assess those factors virtually. Minoritised trainees self-assigned lower fit scores to their top-ranked programme, which should raise concern amongst medical educators and highlights the importance of expanding current diversity, equity and inclusion efforts in academic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge G Zárate Rodriguez
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Connie Y Gan
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Gregory A Williams
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tia O Drake
- Graduate Medical Education, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Thomas Ciesielski
- Graduate Medical Education, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Dominic E Sanford
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael M Awad
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Taylor M, Freeman K, Mehaffey JH, Wallen T, Okereke IC. Applicant perception of virtual interviews in cardiothoracic surgery: A Thoracic Education Cooperative Group Study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 164:e475-e482. [PMID: 34955283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.11.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cardiothoracic programs used virtual interviews exclusively this year. As programs consider using virtual interviews permanently, our goal was to evaluate the experience of applicants with virtual interviews. METHODS All 2020-2021 traditional cardiothoracic fellowship applicants received an anonymous electronic survey after the Match process ended. The survey assessed the number of interviews, strengths, and inadequacies of virtual interviews and factors that affected rank decision. RESULTS Forty-three percent of applicants responded (60/139). The average number of interviews was 16.0. Eighty percent (48/60) of respondents successfully matched. Eighty-seven percent (52/60) of respondents had a favorable experience with virtual interviews, and 97% (58/60) found them to be convenient. However, only 50% (30/60) were able to evaluate a program fully. Respondents who matched were more likely to have a favorable experience (P = .02), but not more likely to be able to evaluate a program fully (P = .35). The most valued aspect was the informal meet and greet session with fellows (4.2 of 5). The least valued aspect was the program's social media site (2.0 of 5). The factors most frequently used to decide ranking were case numbers by 92% (55/60) and culture/personality by 82% (49/60). CONCLUSIONS Virtual interviews were perceived more favorably compared with last year, but half of applicants were still unable to evaluate a program fully. Fellow interactions were the most popular aspect of virtual interviews. As programs consider using virtual interviews permanently, more exposure to current trainees and a more robust social media/online presence will improve favorability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Taylor
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex
| | - Kirsten Freeman
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla
| | - J Hunter Mehaffey
- Division of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Tyler Wallen
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla
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Merritt RE. Commentary: Cardiothoracic residency interviews during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: Time to recalibrate and reconnect virtually. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 164:e483-e484. [PMID: 34895907 PMCID: PMC8616687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Merritt
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
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Makkad B, Deshpande SP. Con: Interviews for Adult Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology Fellowship Program: In Favor of the In-Person Interview. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2021; 36:1209-1213. [PMID: 34903455 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benu Makkad
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH.
| | - Seema P Deshpande
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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12
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Virtual Adaptation of Multimodal Cardiac Surgery Residency Interview: For the Pandemic and the Future. Ann Thorac Surg 2021; 114:618-620. [PMID: 34678288 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2021.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Nelson DB, Antonoff MB. Value of Applicant Input for the Transition to Virtual Cardiothoracic Surgery Interviews. Ann Thorac Surg 2021; 113:1399-1400. [PMID: 33894180 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2021.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David B Nelson
- Department of Surgery, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA
| | - Mara B Antonoff
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030.
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14
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Olive JK, Catalano MA, Komlo CM. Best Foot Forward: Applying for Cardiothoracic Surgical Residency During the Pandemic. Ann Thorac Surg 2021; 113:1399. [PMID: 33722556 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2021.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael A Catalano
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY
| | - Caroline M Komlo
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
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