Left Brachiocephalic Venous Aneurysm: A Rare Clinical Finding

Brachiocephalic vein aneurysm: a systematic review of the literature

Brachiocephalic vein aneurysms are rare lesions with only 36 cases reported in the literature. They usually present incidentally as mediastinal widening on chest X-ray, with thromboembolism or mass effect on adjacent structures, or rupture. Imaging is usually sufficient to identify and characterize the aneurysm, however, certain diagnostic pitfalls can lead to misinterpretation and misdiagnosis. Exploratory surgery is sometimes needed to confirm diagnosis. Brachiocephalic vein aneurysms have been treated both conservatively with watchful waiting, antithrombotic therapy or anticoagulation as well as surgically depending on patient presentation and aneurysm characteristics. Endovascular treatment is also becoming a therapeutic option. Prognosis following surgical treatment is excellent with no reported cases of recurrence. The present systematic review aims to describe the etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management and outcomes of brachiocephalic vein aneurysms.

Incidental diagnosis of a silent brachiocephalic vein aneurysm and its surgical treatment

Brachiocephalic vein aneurysm is an extremely rare clinical entity, with a limited number of case reports in the literature. We report the case of a 74-year-old woman with a left brachiocephalic vein aneurysm (3 × 3 × 6.5 cm) that was discovered fortuitously by contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography. Surgical intervention was performed simultaneously during tricuspid valve surgery with coronary artery bypass grafting. This paper discusses the details of our case, the surgical treatment of brachiocephalic vein aneurysms, and the different treatment options.

Endovascular treatment for left innominate vein aneurysm: Case report and literature review

Innominate vein aneurysms originating from the mediastinum are very rare. Previous treatments for this condition often required thoracotomy. We report a case of a 43-year-old male who presented a mediastinal mass by chest radiography. Contrast-enhanced CT and venography confirmed the diagnosis of left innominate vein aneurysm. The patient underwent endovascular treatment with stent placement and coil embolization of the left innominate vein. The patient remains well 18 months after surgery. The objective of this report is to discuss the diagnosis and endovascular treatment results of innominate vein aneurysm and to review the relevant literature to enhance and expand the pool of knowledge for this abnormality.