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He Y, Liu J, Hu C, Wang Y, Ma L, Guo Y. Dicyanopyridine derivatives: One-pot preparation, ACQ-to-AIE transformation, light-conversion quality and photostability. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 315:124227. [PMID: 38608557 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Low cost and strong fluorescence emission are two important guarantees for luminogens used as light conversion agents. By one-pot multicomponent approach and inexpensive starting materials, three dicyanopyridine (DP) derivatives named as DCP (2-amino-6-methoxy-4-phenylpyridine-3,5-dicarbonitrile), DCO (2-amino-6-methoxy-4-(4-methoxyphenyl) pyridine-3,5-dicarbonitrile) and DCC (2-amino-4-(4-cyanophenyl)-6-methoxypyridine-3,5-dicarbonitrile) were designed and synthesized. Meanwhile, the ACQ-to-AIE transformation was successfully realized by altering substituent groups rather than traditional rotor-stator theory. Based on crystal analysis and theoretical calculations, the ACQ-to-AIE transformation is attributed to the tunable stacking modes and intermolecular weak interactions. Owing to matched fluorescence emission, low lost, high yield, and AIE activity, DCC is used as light conversion agents and doped in EVA matrix. The light conversion quality confirms that DCC can not only convert ultraviolet light, but also significantly improve the transmittance of 25 %/40 % EVA, whose photosynthetic photon flux density at 400-500 nm and 600-700 nm increased to 30.67 %/30.21 % and 25.37 %/37.82 % of the blank film, respectively. After 20 h of UV irradiation (365 nm, 40 W), the fluorescence intensities of DCC films can maintain 92 % of the initial values, indicating good photostability in the doping films. This work not only provides an excellent and low-cost light conversion agent, but also has important significance for ACQ-to-AIE transformation of luminogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjin He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Function Materia, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Tianjin International Center for Nanoparticles and Nanosystem, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chenwei Hu
- Tianjin International Center for Nanoparticles and Nanosystem, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yongtao Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Function Materia, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Lei Ma
- Tianjin International Center for Nanoparticles and Nanosystem, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yanjun Guo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Function Materia, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
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Yao HD, Li DH, Gao RY, Zhou C, Wang W, Wang P, Shen JR, Kuang T, Zhang JP. A Possible Mechanism for Aggregation-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Quenching in Light-Harvesting Complex II from the Marine Green Alga Bryopsis corticulans. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:9580-9590. [PMID: 36356234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c05823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The light-harvesting complex II of a green alga Bryopsis corticulans (B-LHCII) is peculiar in that it contains siphonein and siphonaxathin as carotenoid (Car). Since the S1 state of siphonein and siphonaxathin lies substantially higher than the Qy state of chlorophyll a (Chl a), the Chl a(Qy)-to-Car(S1) excitation energy transfer is unfeasible. To understand the photoprotective mechanism of algal photosynthesis, we investigated the influence of temperature on the excitation dynamics of B-LHCII in trimeric and aggregated forms. At room temperature, the aggregated form showed a 10-fold decrease in fluorescence intensity and lifetime than the trimeric form. Upon lowering the temperature, the characteristic 680 nm fluorescence (F-680) of B-LHCII in both forms exhibited systematic intensity enhancement and spectral narrowing; however, only the aggregated form showed a red emission extending over 690-780 nm (F-RE) with pronounced blueshift, lifetime prolongation, and intensity boost. The remarkable T-dependence of F-RE is ascribed to the Chl-Chl charge transfer (CT) species involved directly in the aggregation-induced Chl deactivation. The CT-quenching mechanism, which is considered to be crucial for B. corticulans photoprotection, draws strong support from the positive correlation of the Chl deactivation rate with the CT state population, as revealed by comparing the fluorescence dynamics of B-LHCII with that of the plant LHCII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Dan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 100872 Beijing, China
| | - Dan-Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 100872 Beijing, China
| | - Rong-Yao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 100872 Beijing, China
| | - Cuicui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093 Beijing, China
| | - Wenda Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093 Beijing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 100872 Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093 Beijing, China.,Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Tingyun Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093 Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 100872 Beijing, China
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Brotosudarmo THP, Wittmann B, Seki S, Fujii R, Köhler J. Wavelength-Dependent Optical Response of Single Photosynthetic Antenna Complexes from Siphonous Green Alga Codium fragile. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:5226-5231. [PMID: 35670598 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The siphonaxanthin-siphonein-Chl-a/b-protein (SCP) complex from the siphonous green alga Codium fragile is the major light-harvesting complex (LHC) of these alga and is highly homologous to that of green plants (trimeric pigment-protein complex, LHCII). Interestingly, we find remarkable differences in the spectral response from individual SCP complexes when excited at 561 and 639 nm. While excitation in the green spectral range reproduces the common LHCII-like emission features for most of the complexes, excitation in the red spectral range yields a red-shifted emission and a significant reduction of the fluorescence decay time. We hypothesize that the difference in spectral response of SCP to light in the green and red spectral ranges can be associated with the adaption of the algae to their natural habitat under water, where sudden intensity changes are diminished, and excess light features a red-enhanced spectrum that comes at tidal timings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatas Hardo Panintingjati Brotosudarmo
- Spectroscopy of Soft Matter, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Department of Food Technology, Universitas Ciputra, Citraland CBD Boulevard, Surabaya 60219, Indonesia
| | - Bernd Wittmann
- Spectroscopy of Soft Matter, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Soichiro Seki
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Fujii
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- Research Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Jürgen Köhler
- Spectroscopy of Soft Matter, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Bayreuther Institut für Makromolekülforschung (BIMF), 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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Preprocess dependence of optical properties of ensembles and single siphonaxanthin-containing major antenna from the marine green alga Codium fragile. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8461. [PMID: 35589761 PMCID: PMC9120457 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11572-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The siphonaxanthin-siphonein-Chl-a/b-protein (SCP) is the light-harvesting complex of the marine alga Codium fragile. Its structure resembles that of the major light-harvesting complexes of higher plants, LHC II, yet it features a reversed Chl a:Chl b ratio and it accommodates other variants of carotenoids. We have recorded the fluorescence emission spectra and fluorescence lifetimes from ensembles and single SCP complexes for three different scenarios of handling the samples. While the data obtained from ensembles of SCP complexes yield equivalent results, those obtained from single SCP complexes featured significant differences as a function of the sample history. We ascribe this discrepancy to the different excitation intensities that have been used for ensemble and single complex spectroscopy, and conclude that the SCP complexes undergo an aging process during storage. This process is manifested as a lowering of energetic barriers within the protein, enabling thermal activation of conformational changes at room temperature. This in turn leads to the preferential population of a red-shifted state that features a significant decrease of the fluorescence lifetime.
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Seki S, Yamano Y, Oka N, Kamei Y, Fujii R. Discovery of a novel siphonaxanthin biosynthetic precursor in Codium fragile that accumulates only by exposure to blue-green light. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:1544-1555. [PMID: 35460262 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms adapt to a variety of light conditions. Codium fragile, a macrosiphonous green alga, binds a unique carbonyl carotenoid, siphonaxanthin, to its major photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes, allowing it to utilize dim blue-green light for photosynthesis. Here, we describe the absolute chemical structure of a novel siphonaxanthin biosynthetic precursor, 19-deoxysiphonaxanthin, that accumulates specifically in the photosynthetic antenna only when cultivated under blue-green light. The action spectra of pigment accumulation suggest that siphonaxanthin biosynthesis is regulated by a specific wavelength profile. The results provide clues to a new acclimation mechanism to withstand hours of intense light at low tide and why siphonous algae have been growing invasively on the world's coasts for more than a century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Seki
- Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yamano
- Comprehensive Education and Research Center, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan
| | - Naohiro Oka
- Bio-innovation Research Center (Naruto Campus), Tokushima University, Naruto, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kamei
- Spectrography and Bioimaging Facility, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Fujii
- Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Japan.,Research Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (ReCAP), Osaka Metropolitan University, Japan
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Llansola-Portoles MJ, Pascal AA, Robert B. Resonance Raman: A powerful tool to interrogate carotenoids in biological matrices. Methods Enzymol 2022; 674:113-135. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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